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Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) D. K. Gillmor, Ed. Request for Comments: 9216 ACLU Category: Informational April 2022 ISSN: 2070-1721

                S/MIME Example Keys and Certificates

Abstract

 The S/MIME development community benefits from sharing samples of
 signed or encrypted data.  This document facilitates such
 collaboration by defining a small set of X.509v3 certificates and
 keys for use when generating such samples.

Status of This Memo

 This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is
 published for informational purposes.

 This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
 (IETF).  It represents the consensus of the IETF community.  It has
 received public review and has been approved for publication by the
 Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG).  Not all documents
 approved by the IESG are candidates for any level of Internet
 Standard; see Section 2 of RFC 7841.

 Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
 and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
 https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9216.

Copyright Notice

 Copyright (c) 2022 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
 document authors.  All rights reserved.

 This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
 Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
 (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
 publication of this document.  Please review these documents
 carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
 to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
 include Revised BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the
 Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described
 in the Revised BSD License.

Table of Contents

 1.  Introduction
   1.1.  Terminology
   1.2.  Prior Work
 2.  Background
   2.1.  Certificate Usage
   2.2.  Certificate Expiration
   2.3.  Certificate Revocation
   2.4.  Using the CA in Test Suites
   2.5.  Certificate Chains
   2.6.  Passwords
   2.7.  Secret Key Origins
 3.  Example RSA Certification Authority
   3.1.  RSA Certification Authority Root Certificate
   3.2.  RSA Certification Authority Secret Key
   3.3.  RSA Certification Authority Cross-Signed Certificate
 4.  Alice's Sample Certificates
   4.1.  Alice's Signature Verification End-Entity Certificate
   4.2.  Alice's Signing Private Key Material
   4.3.  Alice's Encryption End-Entity Certificate
   4.4.  Alice's Decryption Private Key Material
   4.5.  PKCS #12 Object for Alice
 5.  Bob's Sample
   5.1.  Bob's Signature Verification End-Entity Certificate
   5.2.  Bob's Signing Private Key Material
   5.3.  Bob's Encryption End-Entity Certificate
   5.4.  Bob's Decryption Private Key Material
   5.5.  PKCS #12 Object for Bob
 6.  Example Ed25519 Certification Authority
   6.1.  Ed25519 Certification Authority Root Certificate
   6.2.  Ed25519 Certification Authority Secret Key
   6.3.  Ed25519 Certification Authority Cross-Signed Certificate
 7.  Carlos's Sample Certificates
   7.1.  Carlos's Signature Verification End-Entity Certificate
   7.2.  Carlos's Signing Private Key Material
   7.3.  Carlos's Encryption End-Entity Certificate
   7.4.  Carlos's Decryption Private Key Material
   7.5.  PKCS #12 Object for Carlos
 8.  Dana's Sample Certificates
   8.1.  Dana's Signature Verification End-Entity Certificate
   8.2.  Dana's Signing Private Key Material
   8.3.  Dana's Encryption End-Entity Certificate
   8.4.  Dana's Decryption Private Key Material
   8.5.  PKCS #12 Object for Dana
 9.  Security Considerations
 10. IANA Considerations
 11. References
   11.1.  Normative References
   11.2.  Informative References
 Acknowledgements
 Author's Address

1. Introduction

 The S/MIME ([RFC8551]) development community, in particular the email
 development community, benefits from sharing samples of signed and/or
 encrypted data.  Often, the exact key material used does not matter
 because the properties being tested pertain to implementation
 correctness, completeness, or interoperability of the overall system.
 However, without access to the relevant secret key material, a sample
 is useless.

 This document defines a small set of X.509v3 certificates ([RFC5280])
 and secret keys for use when generating or operating on such samples.

 An example RSA Certification Authority is supplied, and sample RSA
 certificates are provided for two "personas", Alice and Bob.

 Additionally, an Ed25519 ([RFC8032]) Certification Authority is
 supplied, along with sample Ed25519 certificates for two more
 "personas", Carlos and Dana.

 This document focuses narrowly on functional, well-formed identity
 and key material.  It is a starting point that other documents can
 use to develop sample signed or encrypted messages, test vectors, or
 other artifacts for improved interoperability.

1.1. Terminology

 "Certification Authority" (or "CA"):  a party capable of issuing
    X.509 certificates

 "End Entity" (or "EE"):  a party that is capable of using X.509
    certificates (and their corresponding secret key material)

 "Mail User Agent" (or "MUA"):  a program that generates or handles
    email messages ([RFC5322])

1.2. Prior Work

 [RFC4134] contains some sample certificates as well as messages of
 various S/MIME formats.  That older work has unacceptably old
 algorithm choices that may introduce failures when testing modern
 systems: in 2019, some tools explicitly marked 1024-bit RSA and
 1024-bit DSS as weak.

 This earlier document also does not use the now widely accepted
 Privacy-Enhanced Mail (PEM) encoding (see [RFC7468]) for the objects
 and instead embeds runnable Perl code to extract them from the
 document.

 It also includes examples of messages and other structures that are
 greater in ambition than this document intends to be.

 [RFC8410] includes an example X25519 certificate that is certified
 with Ed25519, but it appears to be self issued, and it is not
 directly useful in testing an S/MIME-capable MUA.

2. Background

2.1. Certificate Usage

 These X.509 certificates ([RFC5280]) are designed for use with S/MIME
 protections ([RFC8551]) for email ([RFC5322]).

 In particular, they should be usable with signed and encrypted
 messages as part of test suites and interoperability frameworks.

 All end-entity and intermediate CA certificates are marked with
 Certificate Policies from [TEST-POLICY] indicating that they are
 intended only for use in testing environments.  End-entity
 certificates are marked with policy 2.16.840.1.101.3.2.1.48.1 and
 intermediate CAs are marked with policy 2.16.840.1.101.3.2.1.48.2.

2.2. Certificate Expiration

 The certificates included in this document expire in 2052.  This
 should be sufficiently far in the future that they will be useful for
 a few decades.  However, when testing tools in the far future (or
 when playing with clock-skew scenarios), care should be taken to
 consider the certificate validity window.

 Due to this lengthy expiration window, these certificates will not be
 particularly useful to test or evaluate the interaction between
 certificate expiration and protected messages.

2.3. Certificate Revocation

 Because these are expected to be used in test suites or examples, and
 we do not expect there to be online network services in these use
 cases, we do not expect these certificates to produce any revocation
 artifacts.

 As a result, none of the certificates include either an Online
 Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) indicator (see id-ad-ocsp as
 defined in the Authority Information Access X.509 extension in
 Section 4.2.2.1 of [RFC5280]) or a Certificate Revocation List (CRL)
 indicator (see the CRL Distribution Points X.509 extension as defined
 in Section 4.2.1.13 of [RFC5280]).

2.4. Using the CA in Test Suites

 To use these end-entity certificates in a piece of software (for
 example, in a test suite or an interoperability matrix), most tools
 will need to accept either the example RSA CA (Section 3) or the
 example Ed25519 CA (Section 6) as a legitimate root authority.

 Note that some tooling behaves differently for certificates validated
 by "locally installed root CAs" than for pre-installed "system-level"
 root CAs).  For example, many common implementations of HTTP Public
 Key Pinning (HPKP) ([RFC7469]) only applied the designed protections
 when dealing with a certificate issued by a pre-installed "system-
 level" root CA and were disabled when dealing with a certificate
 issued by a "locally installed root CA".

 To test some tooling specifically, it may be necessary to install the
 root CA as a "system-level" root CA.

2.5. Certificate Chains

 In most real-world examples, X.509 certificates are deployed with a
 chain of more than one X.509 certificate.  In particular, there is
 typically a long-lived root CA that users' software knows about upon
 installation, and the end-entity certificate is issued by an
 intermediate CA, which is in turn issued by the root CA.

 The example end-entity certificates in this document can be used
 either with a simple two-link certificate chain (they are directly
 certified by their corresponding root CA) or in a three-link chain.

 For example, Alice's encryption certificate (alice.encrypt.crt; see
 Section 4.3) can be validated by a peer that directly trusts the
 example RSA CA's root cert (ca.rsa.crt; see Section 3.1):

 +==============+   +-------------------+
 || ca.rsa.crt ||-->| alice.encrypt.crt |
 +==============+   +-------------------+

   Figure 1: Validating Alice's encryption certificate directly when
                    the issuing CA is a trust anchor

 And it can also be validated by a peer that only directly trusts the
 example Ed25519 CA's root cert (ca.25519.crt; see Section 6.1) via an
 intermediate cross-signed CA cert (ca.rsa.cross.crt; see
 Section 3.3):

 +================+   +------------------+   +-------------------+
 || ca.25519.crt ||-->| ca.rsa.cross.crt |-->| alice.encrypt.crt |
 +================+   +------------------+   +-------------------+

    Figure 2: Validating Alice's cert from a different trust anchor
            via an intermediate cross-signed CA certificate

 By omitting the cross-signed CA certs, it should be possible to test
 a "transvalid" certificate (an end-entity certificate that is
 supplied without its intermediate certificate) in some
 configurations.

2.6. Passwords

 Each secret key presented in this document is represented as a PEM-
 encoded PKCS #8 ([RFC5958]) object in cleartext form (it has no
 password).

 As such, the secret key objects are not suitable for verifying
 interoperable password protection schemes.

 However, the PKCS #12 ([RFC7292]) objects do have simple textual
 passwords, because tooling for dealing with passwordless PKCS #12
 objects is underdeveloped at the time of this document.

2.7. Secret Key Origins

 The secret RSA keys in this document are all deterministically
 derived using provable prime generation as found in [FIPS186-4] based
 on known seeds derived via SHA-256 ([SHA]) from simple strings.  The
 validation parameters for these derivations are stored in the objects
 themselves as specified in [RFC8479].

 The secret Ed25519 and X25519 keys in this document are all derived
 by hashing a simple string.  The seeds and their derivation are
 included in the document for informational purposes and to allow
 recreation of the objects from appropriate tooling.

 All RSA seeds used are 224 bits long (the first 224 bits of the
 SHA-256 digest of the origin string) and are represented in
 hexadecimal.

3. Example RSA Certification Authority

 The example RSA Certification Authority has the following
 information:

 Name:  Sample LAMPS RSA Certification Authority

3.1. RSA Certification Authority Root Certificate

 This certificate is used to verify certificates issued by the example
 RSA Certification Authority.

—-BEGIN CERTIFICATE—–

MIIDezCCAmOgAwIBAgITcBn0xb/zdaeCQlqp6yZUAGZUCDANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQ0F

 ADBVMQ0wCwYDVQQKEwRJRVRGMREwDwYDVQQLEwhMQU1QUyBXRzExMC8GA1UEAxMo
 U2FtcGxlIExBTVBTIFJTQSBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0aW9uIEF1dGhvcml0eTAgFw0xOTEx
 MjAwNjU0MThaGA8yMDUyMDkyNzA2NTQxOFowVTENMAsGA1UEChMESUVURjERMA8G
 A1UECxMITEFNUFMgV0cxMTAvBgNVBAMTKFNhbXBsZSBMQU1QUyBSU0EgQ2VydGlm
 aWNhdGlvbiBBdXRob3JpdHkwggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIB
 AQC2GGPTEFVNdi0LsiQ79A0Mz2G+LRJlbX2vNo8STibAnyQ9VzFrGJHjUhRX/Omr
 OP3rDCB2SYfBPVwd0CdC6z9qfJkcVxDc1hK+VS9vKncL0IPUYlkJwWuMpXa1Ielz
 +zCuV+gjV83Uvn6wTn39MCmymu7nFPzihcuOnbMYOCdMmUbi1Dm8TX9P6itFR3hi
 IHpSKMbkoXlM1837WaFfx57kBIoIuNjKEyPIuK9wGUAeppc5QAHJg95PPEHNHlmM
 yhBzClmgkyozRSeSrkxq9XeJKU94lWGaZ0zb4karCur/eiMoCk3YNV8L3styvcMG
 1qUDCAaKx6FZEf7hE9RN6L3bAgMBAAGjQjBAMA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wDgYD
 VR0PAQH/BAQDAgEGMB0GA1UdDgQWBBSRMI58BxcMp/EJKGU2GmccaHb0WTANBgkq
 hkiG9w0BAQ0FAAOCAQEACDXWlJGjzKadNMPcFlZInZC+Hl7RLrcBDR25jMCXg9yL
 IwGVEcNp2fH4+YHTRTGLH81aPADMdUGHgpfcfqwjesavt/mO0T0S0LjJ0RVm93fE
 heSNUHUigVR9njTVw2EBz7e2p+v3tOsMnunvm6PIDgHxx0W6mjzMX7lG74bJfo+v
 dx+jI/aXt+iih5pi7/2Yu9eTDVu+S52wsnF89BEJeV0r+EmGDxUv47D+5KuQpKM9
 U/isXpwC6K/36T8RhhdOQXDq0Mt91TZ4dJTT0m3cmo80zzcxsKMDStZHOOzCBtBq
 uIbwWw5Oa72o/Iwg9v+W0WkSBCWEadf/uK+cRicxrQ==
 -----END CERTIFICATE-----

3.2. RSA Certification Authority Secret Key

 This secret key material is used by the example RSA Certification
 Authority to issue new certificates.

—-BEGIN PRIVATE KEY—–

MIIE+wIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCBKgwggSkAgEAAoIBAQC2GGPTEFVNdi0L

 siQ79A0Mz2G+LRJlbX2vNo8STibAnyQ9VzFrGJHjUhRX/OmrOP3rDCB2SYfBPVwd
 0CdC6z9qfJkcVxDc1hK+VS9vKncL0IPUYlkJwWuMpXa1Ielz+zCuV+gjV83Uvn6w
 Tn39MCmymu7nFPzihcuOnbMYOCdMmUbi1Dm8TX9P6itFR3hiIHpSKMbkoXlM1837
 WaFfx57kBIoIuNjKEyPIuK9wGUAeppc5QAHJg95PPEHNHlmMyhBzClmgkyozRSeS
 rkxq9XeJKU94lWGaZ0zb4karCur/eiMoCk3YNV8L3styvcMG1qUDCAaKx6FZEf7h
 E9RN6L3bAgMBAAECggEAE3tFhsm7DpgDlro+1Sk1kjbHssR4sOBHb4zrPp6c18PO
 6T8gWuBcj1DzOzykNTzaMaDxAia4vuxVJB1mberkNHzTFqyb8bx3ceSEOCT3aoyq
 5fiFpR0L6Ba1vgg8RTvNCAIApHNa4pVk0XD8Wq+h7mlUAOYGbie5UO8/P2qWjcOz
 +zcheyYXJS/iuu0t2/F0ihEWGcXBmoc8D++n7mKst2jkAHD4wlPN2MgVqnmagpBz
 gobFNmCZyZpDS+PPTtQZ1XvdGF5Sodc+Fz+jpWun1kqxDHE4UIZzDA/HAaBgORbm
 aEZaVsOs9ZExeqOtqu2fPB7zF/1JKdRk4UJOUxS0OQKBgQDJwonP5RwvO0sYoCiw
 zuFcYTmN/hI3R3viKuxr19CH6+mvuIU85ooIHF6TiouZwhk+6+Vk7rcXdS554DT4
 2RbVrX/5i/MOzx8c8IIwoZJIasLz+vx8F4n6hyhV65bXN7AIBojMh2dt8tP2MZ/R
 VEfsk4mNmO6yKuzyAfjJziCnCQKBgQDnDH9UYUIPkq0PSvViKQFJFCB9BJPFhld2
 pIgoziw/JZzM3W3IWU0KWG7UxS0T3xmn3IX6xmWW4vX1/088ybObZWYP0edb61GM
 I9DoI5igndLgDwyOL2PFuZh5pqqc09DE+cpJW4nNoudqTNmCrjhmxNCGKgGjlD8z
 /OkSccvywwKBgDd0ReajRUziEjDxjF2UbzKx8lzJsX4KIs22GIdHqSRCvlcy80Qa
 5WN3ULNiyB350HCP69wDFMXYym5rJoQjPvh6GIuhYKv4V8fffxkYv5kx5uWiXZVJ
 7v2x+m8rMqlyv+pkyWLV8KKytHmdiBzD+oTWxF7r4ueLjtaxngzxn93pAoGBAKpR
 rR9PnroKHubSE/drUNZFLvnZwPDv6lO8T978tONL372pUT9KjR8eN31DaMpoQOpc
 BqvpSoQjBLt1nDysV2krI0RwMIOzAWc0E9C8RMvJ6+RdU50Q1BSyjvLGaKi5AAHk
 PTk8cGYVO1BCHGlX8p3XYfw0xQaHxtuVCV8eYgCvAoGBAIZeiVhc0YTJOjUadz+0
 vSOzA1arg5k2YCPCGf7z+ijM5rbMk7jrYixD6WMjTOkVLHDsVxMBpbA7GhL7TKy5
 cepBH1PVwxEIl8dqN+UoeJeBpnHo/cjJ0iCR9/aMJzI+qiUo3OMDR+UH99NIddKN
 i75GRVLAeW0Izgt09EMEiD9joDswOQYKKwYBBAGSCBIIATErMCkGCWCGSAFlAwQC
 AgQcpcG3hHYU7WYaawUiNRQotLfwnYzMotmTAt1i6Q==
 -----END PRIVATE KEY-----

 This secret key was generated using provable prime generation found
 in [FIPS186-4] using the seed
 a5c1b7847614ed661a6b0522351428b4b7f09d8ccca2d99302dd62e9.  This seed
 is the first 224 bits of the SHA-256 ([SHA]) digest of the string
 draft-lamps-sample-certs-keygen.ca.rsa.seed.

3.3. RSA Certification Authority Cross-Signed Certificate

 If an email client only trusts the Ed25519 Certification Authority
 Root Certificate found in Section 6.1, they can use this intermediate
 CA certificate to verify any end-entity certificate issued by the
 example RSA Certification Authority.

—-BEGIN CERTIFICATE—–

MIIC5zCCApmgAwIBAgITcTQnnf8DUsvAdvkX7mUemYos7DAFBgMrZXAwWTENMAsG

 A1UEChMESUVURjERMA8GA1UECxMITEFNUFMgV0cxNTAzBgNVBAMTLFNhbXBsZSBM
 QU1QUyBFZDI1NTE5IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5MCAXDTIwMTIxNTIx
 MzU0NFoYDzIwNTIwOTI3MDY1NDE4WjBVMQ0wCwYDVQQKEwRJRVRGMREwDwYDVQQL
 EwhMQU1QUyBXRzExMC8GA1UEAxMoU2FtcGxlIExBTVBTIFJTQSBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0
 aW9uIEF1dGhvcml0eTCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBALYY
 Y9MQVU12LQuyJDv0DQzPYb4tEmVtfa82jxJOJsCfJD1XMWsYkeNSFFf86as4/esM
 IHZJh8E9XB3QJ0LrP2p8mRxXENzWEr5VL28qdwvQg9RiWQnBa4yldrUh6XP7MK5X
 6CNXzdS+frBOff0wKbKa7ucU/OKFy46dsxg4J0yZRuLUObxNf0/qK0VHeGIgelIo
 xuSheUzXzftZoV/HnuQEigi42MoTI8i4r3AZQB6mlzlAAcmD3k88Qc0eWYzKEHMK
 WaCTKjNFJ5KuTGr1d4kpT3iVYZpnTNviRqsK6v96IygKTdg1Xwvey3K9wwbWpQMI
 BorHoVkR/uET1E3ovdsCAwEAAaN8MHowDwYDVR0TAQH/BAUwAwEB/zAXBgNVHSAE
 EDAOMAwGCmCGSAFlAwIBMAIwDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgEGMB0GA1UdDgQWBBSRMI58
 BxcMp/EJKGU2GmccaHb0WTAfBgNVHSMEGDAWgBRropV9uhSb5C0E0Qek0YLkLmuM
 tTAFBgMrZXADQQBnQ+0eFP/BBKz8bVELVEPw9WFXwIGnyH7rrmLQJSE5GJmm7cYX
 FFJBGyc3NWzlxxyfJLsh0yYh04dxdM8R5hcD
 -----END CERTIFICATE-----

4. Alice's Sample Certificates

 Alice has the following information:

 Name:  Alice Lovelace

 Email Address:  alice@smime.example

4.1. Alice's Signature Verification End-Entity Certificate

 This certificate is used for verification of signatures made by
 Alice.

—-BEGIN CERTIFICATE—–

MIIDzzCCAregAwIBAgITN0EFee11f0Kpolw69Phqzpqp1zANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQ0F

 ADBVMQ0wCwYDVQQKEwRJRVRGMREwDwYDVQQLEwhMQU1QUyBXRzExMC8GA1UEAxMo
 U2FtcGxlIExBTVBTIFJTQSBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0aW9uIEF1dGhvcml0eTAgFw0xOTEx
 MjAwNjU0MThaGA8yMDUyMDkyNzA2NTQxOFowOzENMAsGA1UEChMESUVURjERMA8G
 A1UECxMITEFNUFMgV0cxFzAVBgNVBAMTDkFsaWNlIExvdmVsYWNlMIIBIjANBgkq
 hkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAtPSJ6Fg4Fj5Nmn9PkrYo0jTkfCv4TfA/
 pdO/KLpZbJOAEr0sI7AjaO7B1GuMUFJeSTulamNfCwDcDkY63PQWl+DILs7GxVwX
 urhYdZlaV5hcUqVAckPvedDBc/3rz4D/esFfs+E7QMFtmd+K04s+A8TCNO12DRVB
 DpbP4JFD9hsc8prDtpGmFk7rd0q8gqnhxBW2RZAeLqzJOMayCQtws1q7ktkNBR2w
 ZX5ICjecF1YJFhX4jrnHwp/iELGqqaNXd3/Y0pG7QFecN7836IPPdfTMSiPR+peC
 rhJZwLSewbWXLJe3VMvbvQjoBMpEYlaJBUIKkO1zQ1Pq90njlsJLOwIDAQABo4Gv
 MIGsMAwGA1UdEwEB/wQCMAAwFwYDVR0gBBAwDjAMBgpghkgBZQMCATABMB4GA1Ud
 EQQXMBWBE2FsaWNlQHNtaW1lLmV4YW1wbGUwEwYDVR0lBAwwCgYIKwYBBQUHAwQw
 DgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgbAMB0GA1UdDgQWBBS79syyLR0GEhyXrilqkBDTIGZmczAf
 BgNVHSMEGDAWgBSRMI58BxcMp/EJKGU2GmccaHb0WTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQ0FAAOC
 AQEAc4miNqfOqaBpI3f+CpJDhxtuZ2P9HjQEQ+v6BdP7GKJ19naIs3BjJOd64roA
 KHAp+c284VvyVXWJ99FMX8q2ZUQMxH+xh6oAfzcozmnd6XaVWHg4eHIjSo27PmhK
 E1oAJKKhDbdbEcZXL2+x1V+duGymWtaD01DZZukKYr7agyHahiXRn/C9cy31wbqN
 sy9x0fjPQg6+DqatiQpMz9EIae6aCHHBhOiPU7IPkazgPYgkLD59fk4PGHnYxs1F
 hdO6zZk9E8zwlc1ALgZa/iSbczisqckN3qGehD2s16jMhwFXLJtBiN+uCDgNG/D0
 qyTbY4fgKieUHx/tHuzUszZxJg==
 -----END CERTIFICATE-----

4.2. Alice's Signing Private Key Material

 This private key material is used by Alice to create signatures.

—-BEGIN PRIVATE KEY—–

MIIE+gIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCBKcwggSjAgEAAoIBAQC09InoWDgWPk2a

 f0+StijSNOR8K/hN8D+l078oullsk4ASvSwjsCNo7sHUa4xQUl5JO6VqY18LANwO
 Rjrc9BaX4MguzsbFXBe6uFh1mVpXmFxSpUByQ+950MFz/evPgP96wV+z4TtAwW2Z
 34rTiz4DxMI07XYNFUEOls/gkUP2GxzymsO2kaYWTut3SryCqeHEFbZFkB4urMk4
 xrIJC3CzWruS2Q0FHbBlfkgKN5wXVgkWFfiOucfCn+IQsaqpo1d3f9jSkbtAV5w3
 vzfog8919MxKI9H6l4KuElnAtJ7BtZcsl7dUy9u9COgEykRiVokFQgqQ7XNDU+r3
 SeOWwks7AgMBAAECggEAFKD2DG9A1u77q3u3p2WDH3zueTtiqgaT8u8XO+jhOI/+
 HzoX9eo8DIJ/b/G3brwHyfh17JFvLH1zbgsn5bghJTz3r+JcZZ5l3srqMV8t8zjI
 JEHOKC3szH8gYVKWrIgBAqOt1H9Ti8J2oKk2aymqBFr3ZXpBUCTWpEz2s3FMBUUI
 qCEsAJqsdEch+kt43X5kvAom7LC1DHiE6RKfhMEub/LGNHSwY4dmzhaG6p95FJ1h
 s8HoURI2ReVpsTadaKd3KoYNc1lcffmwdZs/hFs7xmmwXKMmlonh1mzHqD1/BqeJ
 Hc8MP4ueDdyVgIe/uVtlQ9NcRQbuokkDyDYMYV6hzQKBgQD75ahYGFGZznRKtSE3
 w/2rUqTYIWxx2PQz5G58PcsTZM89Hj4aZOoLmudHbrTQHluRNcHoXEI62rs0cVPs
 D7IlZOLfs+SSTeNEXxD57mjyyufpV65OcNc1mSJAmMX2jWQ8ndnOuWPcc5J6fNvT
 au0a7ZBOaeKHnA8XXL3GYilM9QKBgQC35xKi7f2JmGtsYY21tfRuDUm6EjhMW6b7
 GWnI9IXF8TGj15s7oDEYvqSPTJdB6PAb/tZwdbj9mB4qj176x1kB/N7GO974O8UP
 /PdHkU7duyf5nRq1mrI+yGFHVsGD313rc+akYdKcC207e6IRMST1ZFoznC6qNgpi
 nNTuDz4ZbwKBgA5Dd9/dKKm77gvY69Objn6oBFuUsO5VaaaSlcsFOL2VZMLCNqQJ
 +NLFZ7k8xJJQVcEIOT2uE7X/csBKdoUUcnL5nnsqVZQPQwI5G937KQgugylMZLte
 WmFXlX/w5qzKXtWr3ox9JPFzveSfs1bqZBi1QQmfp0skhBo/jyNvpYUNAoGAMNkw
 GhcdQW87GY7QFXQ/ePwOmV49lgrCT/BwKPDKl8l5ZgvfL/ddEzWQgH/XraoyHT2T
 uEuM18+QM73hfLt26RBCHGXK1CUMMzL+fAQc7sjH1YXlkleFASg4rrpcrKqoR+KB
 YSiayNhAK4yrf+WN66C8VPknbA7us0L1TEbAOAECgYEAtwRiiQwk3BlqENFypyc8
 0Q1pxp3U7ciHi8mni0kNcTqe57Y/2o8nY9ISnt1GffMs79YQfRXTRdEm2St6oChI
 9Cv5j74LHZXkgEVFfO2Nq/uwSzTZkePk+HoPJo4WtAdokZgRAyyHl0gEae8Rl89e
 yBX7dutONALjRZFTrg18CuegOzA5BgorBgEEAZIIEggBMSswKQYJYIZIAWUDBAIC
 BBySyJ1DMNPY4x1P3pudD+bp/BQhQd1lpF5bQ28F
 -----END PRIVATE KEY-----

 This secret key was generated using provable prime generation found
 in [FIPS186-4] using the seed
 92c89d4330d3d8e31d4fde9b9d0fe6e9fc142141dd65a45e5b436f05.  This seed
 is the first 224 bits of the SHA-256 ([SHA]) digest of the string
 draft-lamps-sample-certs-keygen.alice.sign.seed.

4.3. Alice's Encryption End-Entity Certificate

 This certificate is used to encrypt messages to Alice.

—-BEGIN CERTIFICATE—–

MIIDzzCCAregAwIBAgITDy0lvRE5l0rOQlSHoe49NAaKtDANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQ0F

 ADBVMQ0wCwYDVQQKEwRJRVRGMREwDwYDVQQLEwhMQU1QUyBXRzExMC8GA1UEAxMo
 U2FtcGxlIExBTVBTIFJTQSBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0aW9uIEF1dGhvcml0eTAgFw0xOTEx
 MjAwNjU0MThaGA8yMDUyMDkyNzA2NTQxOFowOzENMAsGA1UEChMESUVURjERMA8G
 A1UECxMITEFNUFMgV0cxFzAVBgNVBAMTDkFsaWNlIExvdmVsYWNlMIIBIjANBgkq
 hkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAmpUp+ovBouOP6AFQJ+RpwpODxxzY60n1
 lJ53pTeNSiJlWkwtw/cxQq0t4uD2vWYB8gOUH/CVt2Zp1c+auzPKJ2Zu5mY6kHm+
 hVB+IthjLeI7Htg6rNeuXq50/TuTSxX5R1I1EXGt8p6hAQVeA5oZ2afHg4b97enV
 8gozR0/Nkug4AkXmbk7THNc8vvjMUJanZ/VmS4TgDqXjWShplcI3lcvvBZMswt41
 /0HJvmSwqpS6oQcAx3Weag0yCNj1V9V9yu/3DjcYbwW2lJf5NbMHbM1LY4X5chWf
 NEbkN6hQury/zxnlsukgn+fHbqvwDhJLAgFpW/jA/EB/WI+whUpqtQIDAQABo4Gv
 MIGsMAwGA1UdEwEB/wQCMAAwFwYDVR0gBBAwDjAMBgpghkgBZQMCATABMB4GA1Ud
 EQQXMBWBE2FsaWNlQHNtaW1lLmV4YW1wbGUwEwYDVR0lBAwwCgYIKwYBBQUHAwQw
 DgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgUgMB0GA1UdDgQWBBSiU0HVRDyAKRV8ASPw546vzfN3DzAf
 BgNVHSMEGDAWgBSRMI58BxcMp/EJKGU2GmccaHb0WTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQ0FAAOC
 AQEAgUl4oJyxMpwWpAylOvK6NEbMl1gD5H14EC4Muxq1u0q2XgXOSBHI6DfX/4LD
 sfx7fSIus8gWVY3WqMeuOA7IizkBD+GDEu8uKveERRXZncxGwy2MfbH1Ib3U8QzT
 jqB8+dz2AwYeMxODWq9opwtA/lTOkRg8uuivZfg/m5fFo/QshlHNaaTDVEXsU4Ps
 98Hm/3gznbvhdjFbZbi4oZ3tAadRlE5K9JiQaJYOnUmGpfB8PPwDR6chMZeegSQA
 W++OIKqHrg/WEh4yiuPfqmAvX2hZkPpivNJYdTPUXTSO7K459CyqbqG+sNOo2kc1
 nTXl85RHNrVKQK+L0YWY1Q+hWA==
 -----END CERTIFICATE-----

4.4. Alice's Decryption Private Key Material

 This private key material is used by Alice to decrypt messages.

—-BEGIN PRIVATE KEY—–

MIIE+gIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCBKcwggSjAgEAAoIBAQCalSn6i8Gi44/o

 AVAn5GnCk4PHHNjrSfWUnnelN41KImVaTC3D9zFCrS3i4Pa9ZgHyA5Qf8JW3ZmnV
 z5q7M8onZm7mZjqQeb6FUH4i2GMt4jse2Dqs165ernT9O5NLFflHUjURca3ynqEB
 BV4DmhnZp8eDhv3t6dXyCjNHT82S6DgCReZuTtMc1zy++MxQlqdn9WZLhOAOpeNZ
 KGmVwjeVy+8FkyzC3jX/Qcm+ZLCqlLqhBwDHdZ5qDTII2PVX1X3K7/cONxhvBbaU
 l/k1swdszUtjhflyFZ80RuQ3qFC6vL/PGeWy6SCf58duq/AOEksCAWlb+MD8QH9Y
 j7CFSmq1AgMBAAECggEADgxoWEDDRE5yEZ+s7TMw+WH2o+3XOOrryqnsLbOyv34I
 wAAUWK7qZyjd9rSDOAtBOgFhQNXYhWZlT+0iHslCIfqJMZ8wy1iFHBCIphoMSWs5
 /D+idXrUef5Y23rClBxXH0g1UnSGXnpUH4ehV6p1lvZMh4OJKEoMC4cpyd1SzXrw
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 1KhLoapjFzXSYp/jrcNjYJ9qRdSAbZsKOJ2yZ0yqjLHDCDipFty+W0pkUZcJhsgu
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 VWAXTNrN69M9lEzxygA3s76lAejBR3FbLWkzLYqPB3oZwSIE7CrWHTXJipFWZv+X
 FG1R418fnRCUMJ4j85qem5iyqQKBgQDWhQMJu7FC02fr83qsIdLwqhiDtTpwUN3j
 qfp7JoEZOxbm3TgM1xPAkrQTUgfr2ZhXGtUwsuKHyifxQEycrTkBOg0gqAfG0fnv
 ybyXK6/guctHJQiy64lL39kPuvQkKB+YO60B/oF6zbyFvqanoKXjpspObN3i3yBU
 X5/EOu/LLQKBgQCUVwHWeWAgSg+pgBx9jGOnPK4hOCkznRJ7qyuo37Tv+E317lFf
 vYFvlYSd4CJmmiUCkZTvK3FkL7HrFo/HwSeQFQEt7aDkN8jX9bPPFv8K+UoNgkGp
 LA8YVFrDQSPyadfNVYvsuXhzJLZSYGjPOGHgI5JufYLDZ4UDK/T97ekQYQKBgDDM
 ORCxvXTyGiW2USVu3EkaqFDtnMmH27G6LNxuudc/dco2cFWbZ0bbGFN8yYiBCwJl
 fDGDv7wb5FIgykypqtn4lpvjHUHA6hX90gShT3TTTsZ0SjJJGgZEeV/2qyq+ZdF/
 Ya+ecV26BzR1Vfuzs4jBnCuS4DaHgxcuWW2N6pZRAoGAWTovk3xdtE0TZvDerxUY
 l8hX+vwJGy7uZjegi4cFecSkOR4iekVxrEvEGhpNdEB2GqdLgp6Q6GPdalCG2wc4
 7pojp/0inc4RtRRf3nZHaTy00bnSe/0y+t0OUbkRMtXhnViVhCcOt6BUcsHupbu2
 Adub72KLk+gvASDduuatGjqgOzA5BgorBgEEAZIIEggBMSswKQYJYIZIAWUDBAIC
 BBwc90hJ90RfRmxCciUfX5a3f6Bpiz6Ys/Hugge/
 -----END PRIVATE KEY-----

 This secret key was generated using provable prime generation found
 in [FIPS186-4] using the seed
 1cf74849f7445f466c4272251f5f96b77fa0698b3e98b3f1ee8207bf.  This seed
 is the first 224 bits of the SHA-256 ([SHA]) digest of the string
 draft-lamps-sample-certs-keygen.alice.encrypt.seed.

4.5. PKCS #12 Object for Alice

 This PKCS #12 ([RFC7292]) object contains the same information as
 presented in Sections 3.3, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, and 4.4.

 It is locked with the simple five-letter password alice.

—-BEGIN PKCS12—–

MIIX+AIBAzCCF8AGCSqGSIb3DQEHAaCCF7EEghetMIIXqTCCBI8GCSqGSIb3DQEH

 BqCCBIAwggR8AgEAMIIEdQYJKoZIhvcNAQcBMBwGCiqGSIb3DQEMAQMwDgQIWQKs
 PyUaB9YCAhTCgIIESCsrTOUTY394FyrjkeCBSV1dw7I3o9oZN7N6Ux2KyIamsWiJ
 77t7RL1/VSxSBLjVV8Sn5+/o3mFjr5NkyQbWuky33ySVy3HZUdZc2RTooyFEdRi8
 x82dzEaVmab7pW4zpoG/IVR6OTizcWJOooGoE0ORim6y2G+iRZ3ePBUq0+8eSNYW
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 6T9EpZldksDjr5N+zFhSLoRwABGRU8jXSU9AEsem9DFxoqZq8VsQcegQFY6aJcZO
 Xel7IECIAgK8nZlKCTzyNVALxeFw0ijWnW4ltDaqcC6GepmuINiqqdD94YAOHxRl
 1lKU4mLknSJ36W4T7vaI4fp98sK0nGpaDzQheu6BbQ+dVd44q52MDwvqvD0Y7UjF
 IVEP3V9Ebfn641CR0mIcVCUynxb3aaKjhgBKTGbYsKtPue974rDPIArMs2Heo8y3
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 Uo133I7P7C+h9sNDI153W6IOIodyQE0Av1WxHo4y/1d1VeGDaB7hOSDq9ZMpm9n1
 En7F6/1/s4IUZHja/qRrK9hD4M0Xq0LhFXuUzuipo49OMUAwGQYJKoZIhvcNAQkU
 MQweCgBhAGwAaQBjAGUwIwYJKoZIhvcNAQkVMRYEFKJTQdVEPIApFXwBI/Dnjq/N
 83cPMIIFlAYJKoZIhvcNAQcBoIIFhQSCBYEwggV9MIIFeQYLKoZIhvcNAQwKAQKg
 ggUmMIIFIjAcBgoqhkiG9w0BDAEDMA4ECKq4DtyiayOyAgIUpQSCBQAKQtkPOS4s
 LE6Os7nP4RaJWBuyXl27V/o6TusBRBgQoPzP+aC+O99wgisEKedyB47bAzcO4sba
 4q8UkERAsYHcEhdD2hGRCL7ou9jTtrr4RgZpa5V9CJcBO0t4bqy2lUefOpm6no+R
 X840uyM4q5Q+cfH1rTQ1a/a+gLglbptoEkH/4dfR3ELYiXcM5UrBYTJOHcyME8c+
 TXbpf7kiplTtlsrlZyU5zrWcxngrBxwFA+O85W/uVR3QZSW+EGx/VCYwGruZlNyt
 BvBYjsYsnC+yKYXbqL81DgOePy+eh6VX64SwBLXcWcY+NK2EZrhzrUFjl+PXFKY3
 IVVPJhTE9o7gJA0hzvAanOluWXozD3/WPQaXhyIJDwM2MjznjL2MBydpy9K8Cio7
 XaV6PX8DszIZkfI4DAz5f7G7WbwUq3IjPPPWiUv+JsR+dnqzWDJ22SXc+AdQP2sK
 qMvP8gOpHOsVlXXE76c5rUcZCZD+gGv1avO7YttWqbDqLj6oQEIJ8LX0Qvwd0YEh
 etE0bJ5uv2njhQDhLkH/JIbmFSgJZeM8dtKHb8f5wZc2B+nXGB+TFboGzSuP7gaW
 u1vKsJNqT/J/FYEqcamI2F+td7z1sGfbR9ckAcxXeb2uPVbCJ1a50gRlz9qVm5Hb
 5f53X7aoQQp3F3LDGQmJ+GFQ/oXXwabqn4TvNO9KDhxpGcMMU9RnugUfNU9GBec0
 vfrzmVKZdmJ36HOmMnLvgRakRhCV3kGABXY83hwUv17E1qASLKcAWIachkCCGpBG
 yGtP2IOZTn7PsLJR1BzKnePa7MgFcgoCToIpdQnCTtAsalmBm1s480LN3GB5ojeG
 bQvNf9TAviA0tg5VuT4/O48V6uYSJsIZsawm3tGA/LjxyfV1aLddQT5Zf5ZX9BX+
 K/PB4oYAFxtUpMK/aL5G1MvppUJ9CjqAtnoKE+EkdQmyZ1VoDO9ih44zuRx6XV4A
 EYafNB8ygjRHGsvPW0/M0Es0w16wzJHTuf/15fD/nH7Xh5MzhCF0CtvLn8v+S1Po
 i2/40O6pS2byjUFRbeCpzEpRxdv90LCb9ALdy0yG9u41W3yInKNFnaWBulfOPFCe
 ZT92M1BgwJA8ZcydtiiunRNAH5iWLSPloUpOD1v6En+rat+PoyRXIy2fLHBL25aw
 LhABoZPgRsCiLsiNiohfyngksrQKeRgOlaBMT92J8r1E4sUKirQlcOdiWBE6vmBS
 XzyN/twvfgPNIXgR0rw6c7VhhS+hNTrsttg/xcfvJ/bftDbKm+RZL+yQoOkkAf9R
 5tizyMdMBlaMrpfrBxvNtMiykbZ88SYoA70Trwab2aHQluVhs8OjXGBEOqmSudcS
 dV1EhBpo9HBsDZZi0IwOp5/B9fCHdnThCTiUm80eQ6mX2/DB9LlNh7gHOyLL3azT
 m12D0ZpZNaXyxLzdiRiAdwpWZmmegOOG70yi0D5eIxh6cbnbuU6Ygdp+pFFVYHfA
 vc5Czpne2OPhXX2k0Okbwawr9AfrFjIfAEmBFx5GBGr/lSiUQSkbUC/s209YgaOg
 WTYt3KXPzrThJJGZnnXZRTGfIi6vp8RsnPX35+Dxe/Lp3gXDdIJeWG6XVA8t3fsp
 coTqPkm/XGNMmOZ81KX/ReVdP+dC93sov2DuDZbYGPmHlD47bOOiA68GD64DEuNt
 Q8MhWk8VRR1FqcuwB0T0bc+SIKEINkvYmDFAMBkGCSqGSIb3DQEJFDEMHgoAYQBs
 AGkAYwBlMCMGCSqGSIb3DQEJFTEWBBS79syyLR0GEhyXrilqkBDTIGZmczAvMB8w
 BwYFKw4DAhoEFO/nnMx9hi1oZ0S+JkJAu+H3/jPzBAj1OQCGvaJQwQICKAA=
 -----END PKCS12-----

5. Bob's Sample

 Bob has the following information:

 Name:  Bob Babbage

 Email Address:  bob@smime.example

5.1. Bob's Signature Verification End-Entity Certificate

 This certificate is used for verification of signatures made by Bob.

—-BEGIN CERTIFICATE—–

MIIDyjCCArKgAwIBAgITaqOkD33fBy/kGaVsmPv8LghbwzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQ0F

 ADBVMQ0wCwYDVQQKEwRJRVRGMREwDwYDVQQLEwhMQU1QUyBXRzExMC8GA1UEAxMo
 U2FtcGxlIExBTVBTIFJTQSBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0aW9uIEF1dGhvcml0eTAgFw0xOTEx
 MjAwNjU0MThaGA8yMDUyMDkyNzA2NTQxOFowODENMAsGA1UEChMESUVURjERMA8G
 A1UECxMITEFNUFMgV0cxFDASBgNVBAMTC0JvYiBCYWJiYWdlMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG
 9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA5nAF0glRof9NjBKke6g+7RLrOgRfwQjcH+2z
 m0Af67FJRNrEwTuOutlWamUA3p9+wb7XqizVHOQhVesjwgp8PJpo8Adm8ar84d2t
 tey1OVdxaCJuNe7SJjfrwShB6NvAm7S8CDG3+EapkO9fzn2pWwaREQ6twWtHi1QT
 51PduRtiQ1oqsuJk8LBDgUMZlKUsaXfF8GKzJlGuaLRl5/3Kfr9+b6VkCDuxTZYL
 Zxt6+a3/QkaC3I9m2ygPubtHFJB5P5+s8boROSKm1OB1gsLow8eF9S7OtcGGeooZ
 JiJUQCR14NaU5bIyfKEZV2YStXwdztoEJJ2fRURIK+8YnwlB3QIDAQABo4GtMIGq
 MAwGA1UdEwEB/wQCMAAwFwYDVR0gBBAwDjAMBgpghkgBZQMCATABMBwGA1UdEQQV
 MBOBEWJvYkBzbWltZS5leGFtcGxlMBMGA1UdJQQMMAoGCCsGAQUFBwMEMA4GA1Ud
 DwEB/wQEAwIGwDAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUF8WEe9Cn73aQOLizbwi8krWeK5QwHwYDVR0j
 BBgwFoAUkTCOfAcXDKfxCShlNhpnHGh29FkwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQENBQADggEBAG7e
 QY6Px7WZC5vCbF5hjOitxoz3oyM+LRcSTGWoYXdmlwsNUzy31pE3dtADvevRtsP8
 uN7xyfK6XZBzhShA/BtkkqYGiFvXDpluOxWmqC0WPmc1PNK2mHil+pGMfvnUwnxd
 6gKcHED5p+bUhDyIH2fy9hGyeOUs8nvi+7/HwBipN+nA/PfsPn+aU4l1K6qDoG/i
 kwyuiWcFFlc5yE5rkAe2J0/a4+HtzNmTK4jB/4GbyI6xlUszPlEqKE+Es10Xut/y
 UWL5nKKaqpRRd07Pq371MpFQs2+zXt4fGheKzZU3XXrIPcAPyJjWiyU1DzpqgSJM
 OIp/HtXdFscHb9+Qic8=
 -----END CERTIFICATE-----

5.2. Bob's Signing Private Key Material

 This private key material is used by Bob to create signatures.

—-BEGIN PRIVATE KEY—–

MIIE+wIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCBKgwggSkAgEAAoIBAQDmcAXSCVGh/02M

 EqR7qD7tEus6BF/BCNwf7bObQB/rsUlE2sTBO4662VZqZQDen37BvteqLNUc5CFV
 6yPCCnw8mmjwB2bxqvzh3a217LU5V3FoIm417tImN+vBKEHo28CbtLwIMbf4RqmQ
 71/OfalbBpERDq3Ba0eLVBPnU925G2JDWiqy4mTwsEOBQxmUpSxpd8XwYrMmUa5o
 tGXn/cp+v35vpWQIO7FNlgtnG3r5rf9CRoLcj2bbKA+5u0cUkHk/n6zxuhE5IqbU
 4HWCwujDx4X1Ls61wYZ6ihkmIlRAJHXg1pTlsjJ8oRlXZhK1fB3O2gQknZ9FREgr
 7xifCUHdAgMBAAECggEABcQg1fTtieZ+O/aNdU149NK0qx97GLTBjIguQEDDBVFK
 2lu4PhBg9AdgAUqLH1PE+eq65JaGZwvFH8X1Ms2AKiRzYsPOQIoJ4n1hc69uiEN9
 Ykcv4QHOvvqtCtWYjJyb5By9WPeLH6QynJ6FlBoSqxhURSWyYfTuwqt1OHEhsUuH
 d3N5BmbFiRBNj4aIA9zz+i5xL0m33kMKai/Ajj3sI0AJsZ5ZVAhYbC8sCt1Xevb6
 i41p9S6GSwGC19by+1y9WC1QGtb5GDotvChMvmZS/O3NeDc6xC/LZoQcHNVgiZd7
 f1g6iEkJlCYK+D7xsd7Y630w75Haj0vnlhiJObSA+wKBgQDxv8jp2D6IVRGgYfaC
 nUU3Mg70wagX1fgPHO9Sk6e9c8CgORh2uwWjpTawu88xBGFyZ+xnWqr7GCNsltas
 3m94ri4A4R94+5uL8+oOLC26gMDfzATd1Q3k/h919YLk89tonQEUbCFZJdphThEb
 vg2W+nNsEVcQGuClzhX0AyGMswKBgQD0BYk3sdGQbBA/hYD1EYsZfYebUiYv2lTt
 VGRgTohKFclRAWOtGP9YRbKyEVkBLhjgkXzS9xGqKywP71z9Iny+zDGbzk8ElB/g
 lS7GFGX50TG0ISfaFWTYdxt4mN9pduZE2blT/26uyU8DXCEBhF/OqhwQjJqKTYTT
 Rl3Ara5fLwKBgQDQyVtjIyD2q8naY2D8c4mo3vHtzyc21tQzcUD8Z4vSYps1hbos
 KN/48qJmRv3tjqP+o+SXasYKsFE/4pIroLxTVNNkbQm6ektfttwpO1yPG834OwLk
 97HVWOig/tX6mOWg1yBsm+q9TKTrrvm1pRGlmE6BQgSYYy4r5O4u3VlnYwKBgQCl
 B4FvWyDhTVQHwaAfHUg3av/k+T++KSg6gVKJF1Nw1x8ZW5kvnbJC3pAlgTnyZFyK
 s5n5iwI1VZEtDbKTt1kqKCp8tqAV9p9AYWQKrgzxUJsOuUWcZc+X3aWEf87IIpNE
 iQKfXiZaquZ23T2tKvsoZz8nqg9x7U8hG3uYLV26HQKBgCOJ/C21yW25NwZ5FUdh
 PsQmVH7+YydJaLzHS/c7PrOgQFRMdejvAku/eYJbKbUv7qsJFIG4i/IG0CfVmu/B
 ax5fbfYZtoB/0zxWaLkIEStVWaKrSKRdTrNzTAOreeJKsY4RNp6rvmpgojbmIGA1
 Tg8Mup0xQ8F4d28rtUeynHxzoDswOQYKKwYBBAGSCBIIATErMCkGCWCGSAFlAwQC
 AgQc9K+qy7VHPzYOBqwy4AGI/kFzrhXJm88EOouPbg==
 -----END PRIVATE KEY-----

 This secret key was generated using provable prime generation found
 in [FIPS186-4] using the seed
 f4afaacbb5473f360e06ac32e00188fe4173ae15c99bcf043a8b8f6e.  This seed
 is the first 224 bits of the SHA-256 ([SHA]) digest of the string
 draft-lamps-sample-certs-keygen.bob.sign.seed.

5.3. Bob's Encryption End-Entity Certificate

 This certificate is used to encrypt messages to Bob.

—-BEGIN CERTIFICATE—–

MIIDyjCCArKgAwIBAgITMHxHQA+GJjocYtLrgy+WwNeGlDANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQ0F

 ADBVMQ0wCwYDVQQKEwRJRVRGMREwDwYDVQQLEwhMQU1QUyBXRzExMC8GA1UEAxMo
 U2FtcGxlIExBTVBTIFJTQSBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0aW9uIEF1dGhvcml0eTAgFw0xOTEx
 MjAwNjU0MThaGA8yMDUyMDkyNzA2NTQxOFowODENMAsGA1UEChMESUVURjERMA8G
 A1UECxMITEFNUFMgV0cxFDASBgNVBAMTC0JvYiBCYWJiYWdlMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG
 9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAqtHAlBNMiBIk8iJqwHk/yDoFWwj8P9Z1uYdq
 1aqIuofvjoAyjdA8TbsBRGdmvaIOSQOepsNjW1ko7lE8HlDs9JHn1E+tzH3mKfn+
 G2erY+alkMJTXPvMAUdCA8+e1OJ7k91gYXDpzIWrP3Kc0xTlsJ8tGJ6mhydJX3wP
 0/HuyHpfKQQfDusPH8S5yidPciWuB7Wj0X4xY1pUAz2rSSAlnGvhEzKFbW43BPjY
 XPUnRWMtXFya1djq6Eb9M/klbhdZheDLLsjLUSXYU70r9VXGM/qcjd/NhWYphCeB
 cqswaM5mXLYdm0mFmqoecF62mUE0DiNdhwKTtnefd0cll+D3FQIDAQABo4GtMIGq
 MAwGA1UdEwEB/wQCMAAwFwYDVR0gBBAwDjAMBgpghkgBZQMCATABMBwGA1UdEQQV
 MBOBEWJvYkBzbWltZS5leGFtcGxlMBMGA1UdJQQMMAoGCCsGAQUFBwMEMA4GA1Ud
 DwEB/wQEAwIFIDAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUSrOsMVMCSZxN42554CVhlT6IYiUwHwYDVR0j
 BBgwFoAUkTCOfAcXDKfxCShlNhpnHGh29FkwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQENBQADggEBAC2c
 Y8FgaxgB+Dx9gAFj35ae1vgzYiWI3Ax3FSxogo/GzpK//LB4215oeBuKXbm0ixBn
 4nojxD7PMlM0i+ilAvVNJNaHY9TtgIgq8V/C0C7vL8SdBN01e5ZRI764ohu9ivYv
 Ixvvt7gzvSTpe+NUT1i09xNgsC8v19WB/BwkqMAgDqMxqCxT4fyrvVwpxNBke75j
 E6Q3xCjfdOWYcfMLK7EsTSgimYuonZjN7v/yqTdjn/iVH+agL/2MlSfiU36w/Yf1
 7EM09uKGH/Javh+2Vjd0j8rE/q2Iaac5VI91M6xz5oDZUknycBKKinR+nJWMt5AK
 UAaL2Mjl3YtrUGBpxxY=
 -----END CERTIFICATE-----

5.4. Bob's Decryption Private Key Material

 This private key material is used by Bob to decrypt messages.

—-BEGIN PRIVATE KEY—–

MIIE/AIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCBKkwggSlAgEAAoIBAQCq0cCUE0yIEiTy

 ImrAeT/IOgVbCPw/1nW5h2rVqoi6h++OgDKN0DxNuwFEZ2a9og5JA56mw2NbWSju
 UTweUOz0kefUT63MfeYp+f4bZ6tj5qWQwlNc+8wBR0IDz57U4nuT3WBhcOnMhas/
 cpzTFOWwny0YnqaHJ0lffA/T8e7Iel8pBB8O6w8fxLnKJ09yJa4HtaPRfjFjWlQD
 PatJICWca+ETMoVtbjcE+Nhc9SdFYy1cXJrV2OroRv0z+SVuF1mF4MsuyMtRJdhT
 vSv1VcYz+pyN382FZimEJ4FyqzBozmZcth2bSYWaqh5wXraZQTQOI12HApO2d593
 RyWX4PcVAgMBAAECggEAEvPt6aAQjEJzHfiKnqt1U7p4UKb5Ef4yFrE7PdTLkeK2
 RjncIhb6MeevVs8gO6co7Zn8tuUT95U3cOXLhVOWTvaHYeurTXaknICz3IeOoSl8
 skiVZko70uJ8pR6asWUlr/zOjlEwZ7RnEUWet97oM0YeA07LDFDkF7eUq//6bfzT
 ewr/QfDDsv+erwJBh+9CRHOJyTuDH1WeGxYV8VK3M6VhdTjFxXxFhrQ4pBe5J/UA
 17Bd2GM8Urg6VYzVo6x4ajnc1H/ezYLdc459poTffv6Fg2trqFVAj2IrQlAeqjda
 lemsa6Np801mUGknq3fjKS13RYGBv/48rCHOT8eRgQKBgQDM5TuS4ANQjOYoOgtF
 xoVjbVlndOo+SmdFkZihzQHxcbLY9HXe5HlbLf1IMXz/nERxl+SmYuuJk0EdiM9r
 HOCcHRLfBmC7t0GdVvLDHSAX8Ec47LbtKZqyM1U9dn7Z+5q4iywqpaP8pP3+oY57
 cgtQax1jle3xhRAj65cl1RBmQQKBgQDVbLqK6wKDfSdZuMZGUtOY0rtamBDCgEU6
 rEqBAyCPy5NpF1pomUFcYKWT/wbReFqtuyq2OyiATB0yHHMko46BUtN7qX/m/skt
 DHWXVWs1+G4IgEMVokM9jjrkgdY5grrJ68sagKC+bgv35BizHPIqgQuO6qnPSrM9
 bevwbQEj1QKBgQCiPE/zeBSnzyjeaTdLxGkR1R+ZX2WqdNdYqnQkiWMkflaSmt5J
 4raEj+GhLC5BZsZ6+z480M6XXFWOwSkbMv5WHl824KHvgKcfoh0OiR1EVyjN1gDx
 wKOQvjycMhs3FpXn0arjCczS2wGSgPGEpUR4JJhcpfaF6kphZsWDWzVlAQKBgQC2
 ivbKltNhj4w2q1m7EGC3F5bzl5jOI1QTKQXYbspM8zwz6KuFR3+l+Wvlt30ncJ9u
 dOXFU7gCdBeMotTBA7uBVUxZOtKQyl9bTorNU1wNn1zNnJbETDLi1WH9zCdkrTIC
 PtFK67WQ6yMFdWzC1gEy5YjzRjbTe/rukbP5weH1uQKBgQC+WfachEmQ3NcxSjbR
 kUxCcida8REewWh4AldU8U0gFcFxF6YwQI8I7ujtnCK2RKTECG9HCyaDXgMwfArV
 zf17a9xDJL2LQKrJ9ATeSo34o9zIkpbJL0NCHHocOqYdHU+VO2ZE4Gu8DKk3siVH
 XAaJ/RJSEqAIMOgwfGuHOhhto6A7MDkGCisGAQQBkggSCAExKzApBglghkgBZQME
 AgIEHJjImYZSlYkp6InjQZ87/Q7f4KyhXaMGDe34oeg=
 -----END PRIVATE KEY-----

 This secret key was generated using provable prime generation found
 in [FIPS186-4] using the seed
 98c8998652958929e889e3419f3bfd0edfe0aca15da3060dedf8a1e8.  This seed
 is the first 224 bits of the SHA-256 ([SHA]) digest of the string
 draft-lamps-sample-certs-keygen.bob.encrypt.seed.

5.5. PKCS #12 Object for Bob

 This PKCS #12 ([RFC7292]) object contains the same information as
 presented in Sections 3.3, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, and 5.4.

 It is locked with the simple three-letter password bob.

—-BEGIN PKCS12—–

MIIX6AIBAzCCF7AGCSqGSIb3DQEHAaCCF6EEghedMIIXmTCCBIcGCSqGSIb3DQEH

 BqCCBHgwggR0AgEAMIIEbQYJKoZIhvcNAQcBMBwGCiqGSIb3DQEMAQMwDgQIe/d6
 qDQ/28QCAhQGgIIEQJKA5kzRVm9d6rEwC/0RyBSgpPuSROUQTjspt6EhBZlgHc3u
 FTCPaO5P/vpeWaCnBRarGFn3DmqA3JT+59bmRpGdiP3Zrlk2EbHi0yrd2P3UFDnX
 qRkkI+7pf6eOHWJRntJA+KJS8v3tZ/hpiEKAEav/Mq0IFNFyEiZpCkbKCX5auDb1
 p5c3J2MNg/WNBfpGJUHKVIzuIF3H+8LfFgayRsDsppoUMffR+GmdL8nxLiqhraHD
 +Iqr3LpEroNi/iZQWUTFTUlaePf/2KMqaHOuy41IVvcH1jIcLXHGNa66S8AP/Hj2
 TJPPg/lve76DVaGdEnx4QJd4pBFQac90zmhxU1HZrvzubK9t4e5lr80wpd2djvZK
 wSLzUgtQZXq8pSs1r85vrb3KItdYGF6SZpX029FS7rY3uYth5SYVUQWdUYYY3S0/
 nsaLg4MCWUO4Sh7nYJZl5Ijkk9LS7JhmwKvizHRRTXbLyRDH06e+jCRgLcU2WSUq
 1bEr9Jy0ucK8zNPTf8HWBTS0ubvy4JfO3mVp4REX/8ozXlLztWGblFGbyaJ9Y4ga
 LM3JpKxMtb1UTxoAyj3iFwGlGZFGKBlWplr+OdkKkC4dloFE22IINfLdRNLV9mPO
 aGZhsDheB8iVOtN01u91BlU68Q7AL1ryXWUSjouKGRSU6uMDLZ7rw0wlZC1m4oLG
 BF8CmO4ELmbOci78fBs/qDXlf3BJazcNtciamEsQPYRGkHASBRYtoDfVy6mTT40o
 obdrZigcvCwttDBu7RtynAQVZ8DvKzxFGhe2p2Yc9H5A5ML7IwqNtYzheduBAQTE
 jAU2jMqwnZN5wULEnH2TF6KAQNrKdtBYMbqkToKgxf5Zf+cJZbyQq7WM6nVfOM7g
 kcFdeHDn/CWoSNHI1+JA3wSDM06zkU5HMd2MpT1RLTSaemImUKCAGYieJmwNQxR9
 aYHBBw5BNBw1XRB7WRka2Uah0Xq/wAgaI/o9L+mShDRFJjFi+t8AV3KR0WWHg02O
 9qchX7P5H3Sy/tq8yUQIol+hRiRjkfi9qy6AxIRttrK4WbW4scUtBZSkg9uFkTVU
 ybnV6WvBpn2SrnwF/E1ueKARVmouWJ/7fiLJXk6wVvVtuBZw2gE5QGfuCwq0PQsC
 xPx8MhNl1KZYDVCGsyUr/LMHeKNc31S2HLGQK7kh/o+QQazafiJocQ+kRbS1VX1D
 nQlIhz4zvKsBgzHpoe3wQcfAY5sp2ubepsZ5T/YHkmroBmvA4g1vi7nlCetgxXrh
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 -----END PKCS12-----

6. Example Ed25519 Certification Authority

 The example Ed25519 Certification Authority has the following
 information:

 Name:  Sample LAMPS Ed25519 Certification Authority

6.1. Ed25519 Certification Authority Root Certificate

 This certificate is used to verify certificates issued by the example
 Ed25519 Certification Authority.

—-BEGIN CERTIFICATE—–

MIIBtzCCAWmgAwIBAgITH59R65FuWGNFHoyc0N3iWesrXzAFBgMrZXAwWTENMAsG

 A1UEChMESUVURjERMA8GA1UECxMITEFNUFMgV0cxNTAzBgNVBAMTLFNhbXBsZSBM
 QU1QUyBFZDI1NTE5IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5MCAXDTIwMTIxNTIx
 MzU0NFoYDzIwNTIxMjE1MjEzNTQ0WjBZMQ0wCwYDVQQKEwRJRVRGMREwDwYDVQQL
 EwhMQU1QUyBXRzE1MDMGA1UEAxMsU2FtcGxlIExBTVBTIEVkMjU1MTkgQ2VydGlm
 aWNhdGlvbiBBdXRob3JpdHkwKjAFBgMrZXADIQCEgUZ9yI/rkX/82DihqzVIZQZ+
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 QjzwT0ph7rXe023x3GaLPMXMwQI2Of+apkdG2mH9ID6PE1bu3gRRqIH5w2tyS+xF
 Jw0ouxcJyAyXEQ4=
 -----END CERTIFICATE-----

6.2. Ed25519 Certification Authority Secret Key

 This secret key material is used by the example Ed25519 Certification
 Authority to issue new certificates.

—-BEGIN PRIVATE KEY—–

MC4CAQAwBQYDK2VwBCIEIAt889xRDvxNT8ak53T7tzKuSn6CQDe8fIdjrCiSFRcp

—-END PRIVATE KEY—–

 This secret key is the SHA-256 ([SHA]) digest of the ASCII string
 draft-lamps-sample-certs-keygen.ca.25519.seed.

6.3. Ed25519 Certification Authority Cross-Signed Certificate

 If an email client only trusts the RSA Certification Authority Root
 Certificate found in Section 3.1, they can use this intermediate CA
 certificate to verify any end-entity certificate issued by the
 example Ed25519 Certification Authority.

—-BEGIN CERTIFICATE—–

MIICvzCCAaegAwIBAgITR49T5oAgYhF5+eBYQ3ZBZIMuujANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsF

 ADBVMQ0wCwYDVQQKEwRJRVRGMREwDwYDVQQLEwhMQU1QUyBXRzExMC8GA1UEAxMo
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 f/v99LEcsZTcuIbnJqz35danQkp4/upG4hPkfx+nbc1bsVylrITwIGOpnGhz7z3m
 VCk03DFE3Qt4w9mlv9yuMse33nmsBGXog/XZvM2JRY0iKt0xksQqQD9uYm7MoMeH
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 4F5HD00hQZgP15Dlb1rg+vskN8MSk5nuD+6z1VsugioW0+k=
 -----END CERTIFICATE-----

7. Carlos's Sample Certificates

 Carlos has the following information:

 Name:  Carlos Turing

 Email Address:  carlos@smime.example

7.1. Carlos's Signature Verification End-Entity Certificate

 This certificate is used for verification of signatures made by
 Carlos.

—-BEGIN CERTIFICATE—–

MIICBzCCAbmgAwIBAgITP14fVCTRtAFDeA9zwYoXhR52ljAFBgMrZXAwWTENMAsG

 A1UEChMESUVURjERMA8GA1UECxMITEFNUFMgV0cxNTAzBgNVBAMTLFNhbXBsZSBM
 QU1QUyBFZDI1NTE5IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5MCAXDTIwMTIxNTIx
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 gDIs3mHITYRNYO+RnOedrq5/HuQHXSPyAKaS98ito4GwMIGtMAwGA1UdEwEB/wQC
 MAAwFwYDVR0gBBAwDjAMBgpghkgBZQMCATABMB8GA1UdEQQYMBaBFGNhcmxvc0Bz
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 wDAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUZIXjO5wdWs3mC7oafwi+xJzMhD8wHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAUa6KV
 fboUm+QtBNEHpNGC5C5rjLUwBQYDK2VwA0EAwVGQWbdy6FQIpTFsaWvG2/US2fnS
 6B+BzgCrkGQKWX1WgkTj4MEOqL+0cFXLr7ZQ2DQUo2iXyTAu58BR6btcCQ==
 -----END CERTIFICATE-----

7.2. Carlos's Signing Private Key Material

 This private key material is used by Carlos to create signatures.

—-BEGIN PRIVATE KEY—–

MC4CAQAwBQYDK2VwBCIEILvvxL741LfX+Ep3Iyye3Cjr4JmONIVYhZPM4M9N1IHY

—-END PRIVATE KEY—–

 This secret key is the SHA-256 ([SHA]) digest of the ASCII string
 draft-lamps-sample-certs-keygen.carlos.sign.25519.seed.

7.3. Carlos's Encryption End-Entity Certificate

 This certificate is used to encrypt messages to Carlos.  It contains
 an SMIMECapabilities extension to indicate that Carlos's MUA expects
 Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) with the HMAC-based Key
 Derivation Function (HKDF) using SHA-256, and that it uses the
 AES-128 key wrap algorithm, as indicated in [RFC8418].

—-BEGIN CERTIFICATE—–

MIICNDCCAeagAwIBAgITfz0Bv+b1OMAT79aCh3arViNvhDAFBgMrZXAwWTENMAsG

 A1UEChMESUVURjERMA8GA1UECxMITEFNUFMgV0cxNTAzBgNVBAMTLFNhbXBsZSBM
 QU1QUyBFZDI1NTE5IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5MCAXDTIwMTIxNTIx
 MzU0NFoYDzIwNTIxMjE1MjEzNTQ0WjA6MQ0wCwYDVQQKEwRJRVRGMREwDwYDVQQL
 EwhMQU1QUyBXRzEWMBQGA1UEAxMNQ2FybG9zIFR1cmluZzAqMAUGAytlbgMhAC5o
 MczTIMiddTUYTc/WymEqXw8hZm1QbIz2xX2gFDx0o4HdMIHaMCsGCSqGSIb3DQEJ
 DwQeMBwwGgYLKoZIhvcNAQkQAxMwCwYJYIZIAWUDBAEFMAwGA1UdEwEB/wQCMAAw
 FwYDVR0gBBAwDjAMBgpghkgBZQMCATABMB8GA1UdEQQYMBaBFGNhcmxvc0BzbWlt
 ZS5leGFtcGxlMBMGA1UdJQQMMAoGCCsGAQUFBwMEMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIDCDAd
 BgNVHQ4EFgQUgSmg+iOgSyCMDXgA3u3aFss0JbkwHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAUa6KVfboU
 m+QtBNEHpNGC5C5rjLUwBQYDK2VwA0EAzss75UzFuADPfd4hQdo5jyAQ3GvkyyvI
 BdBGnWtJ1eT1WuMaIMhi1rH4vPGPd9scwW+sqd9fG+pv3MShl+zKAQ==
 -----END CERTIFICATE-----

7.4. Carlos's Decryption Private Key Material

 This private key material is used by Carlos to decrypt messages.

—-BEGIN PRIVATE KEY—–

MC4CAQAwBQYDK2VuBCIEIIH5782H/otrhLy9Dtvzt79ffsvpcVXgdUczTdUvSQsK

—-END PRIVATE KEY—–

 This secret key is the SHA-256 ([SHA]) digest of the ASCII string
 draft-lamps-sample-certs-keygen.carlos.encrypt.25519.seed.

7.5. PKCS #12 Object for Carlos

 This PKCS #12 ([RFC7292]) object contains the same information as
 presented in Sections 6.3, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, and 7.4.

 It is locked with the simple five-letter password carlos.

—-BEGIN PKCS12—–

MIIKzgIBAzCCCpYGCSqGSIb3DQEHAaCCCocEggqDMIIKfzCCAvcGCSqGSIb3DQEH

 BqCCAugwggLkAgEAMIIC3QYJKoZIhvcNAQcBMBwGCiqGSIb3DQEMAQMwDgQIwS3R
 pT1mkyMCAhS7gIICsGKkBm0nci9VHfqxOTWy/lkKyQeF5bwsF/9gZrqUym1KtHZF
 a4rSJIPUctmzqVnhGmfW9m+LEi7Em9rRmUIQbDZt4kQDG5eDk7AdhyDnB3uZDG1W
 4cAeUVXJMzGfnwtzy5TzBZzEo5nnVX74Al+PDW9wdpbv2TIriL0m29fBT+7HVS9F
 Z/95XokSwbb6mmCYeGiPpNEaoeUeuU4zrh/k+JJqDuqNsU66I30wH0CFmk3aarBV
 3LkEeCjKFkngzMOZqiKZu8D2hEUjsGQ9ALsRn7P+hIWNFIgjvqgcCMTF8fLK1C/8
 vYGD+HOpnn23nLele4b/qpFYx5kJ0bOK1Zo1SpgUQ7Bu6gectUceyOgi7CjRScuV
 ew7918ZY0ugyYoIWAT0kecPM0TFtxAn19JPXo4jBYAlwUtx7GYAlDkgZCb/0dbkv
 4L+PAeJK4kVDREDQ6ch/6/hlqU8xHeNzdagEWYL6FxWDiHebASxIvZzqkLd7RV9m
 dL1FXst9R9G74jOs0WMMFmd9toyOhD0q6Gl9catOrolCVS/CKaC0CucsJfiKrlJ/
 duQkt/JwcELveuOg60u2uaGKUqHmFhd3+6omk+wNBoY+0D5MmBZ/xnrVELGmzp94
 q0f/HfZPT6sxkYBGuP2eUA/qr/zimNG3TuGVch/MdnduuVhvAYLyh1gbA8yRm+I/
 zGCVuAqhsHITTx7Fqc3tyVp/mLYUO0QuwmgAw6NhzwKZf5N+tR0DZGcgw8rZpeJA
 yTxVFcjzXvoShxog7RroR9Nc4FwJhWI4BO241OHFEiQZeRk8vzI8WIFXnn6t42/q
 j1mV7Ba42zxPEGoY3mObKwjR6rDp6KwmmfkghpwMPU3qP2/ASV8WT1+9GIYHc5Am
 9CmSOTiQMluW70Ra2k5ZMlwnbKNyMRbjUB/yHwwwggKvBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagggKg
 MIICnAIBADCCApUGCSqGSIb3DQEHATAcBgoqhkiG9w0BDAEDMA4ECOMzXMste/8a
 AgIUlICCAmgXa+q2JhTLvWsj5SKLdMninTk5uB6HhOsDKYR9GDg/cABqUFxycROG
 JeJuewIRkJhsfdXJi+TSRtnQOqpyVM9oRUdxcbGuCI98fEbLmVyr7KF8GudTgC+b
 eaLjn6HYkWpv7lWdvsFG8BEy6Jqi3/tP9PgNvpCYgVVM7yx6SX8QArcLSQkxbTsv
 Ae0iN18H89W9xOHEz4Z2qHYyb7f0pPHrmpTGC6qmtvo1gNRsKTF0wYeQ5Sy/9U3f
 oM6bIcrOvHDksaco4+5n0zeySDETY8W4mO1K0uC/t0oTOScYGBeRhVr0DQapZGT/
 Ej5LpgjXOuosAoT3IKnMwK3C0OZ8oBzcvgSpeAa/V/OTKDpZb22yq6sEaHAPoUqb
 cKRJmB6HC5mdLs3n0uP1vlZuYsHu7Evt0Uhns9pbklJDiCgM+4SFgKTRbd6Xt8bf
 GHkWnmpv4pQL7jjzA3epP2DHyC8MJaDvleWY7Z3t/IEtkzVxflLo8kT21edz12cm
 uFVK9ilMW3eJuyiRyFXFPgVsuNi/HFnijXFgxzAncP7fFP5MCsOo6daiEjJjemKf
 J3D+HdD60gFih/eX9V+tGl4y7/jtxCRA/54mit4sCy3LC0++lEp9AtFwGYrDw825
 uGj27a7mE26qgGdGXdzT9UJ8FfUsIoRPrG38Q4mhS10pTarNucWOGjkftZiKJLay
 rfMRf3HYxOI/7iupfxYLK/4/FODijaHzAfSdQf2Bo7csPaz2HQkK/0nyO+tt68S9
 pUCjEfV6Liy22tang/jXxPFbBDK/P68MnmgR8C3PcYhPJCo/K0JR2/8F8pVVEqd5
 MIIDPwYJKoZIhvcNAQcGoIIDMDCCAywCAQAwggMlBgkqhkiG9w0BBwEwHAYKKoZI
 hvcNAQwBAzAOBAho9g0tQyYTvwICFIGAggL43SpNCoshZX3ikmK1mOIJpS2Ah8Xv
 94S/5NA8kwHtaNXpLrjYr3CyRL93USm55uvGAtECR/EblON9zeo2p0gK2JPSbDr6
 /1oovo7UoZNRoRBZ8pUegVWJswNWjqvzVu5JIRmpD05XjVDKHbFqiXAqtj9/w3q0
 Qq/p/M9UrLWD93hyLNdIppWr2KR2it9mASTKEHX9dqXcTOG0Kp2GmrfGNteGL02j
 qVKZaZyYI8gkSxhVLS9zzgf1OynAkzYQsoo+GKhdAW1fJECemAyPc3L+eeARw/SY
 q1d5QVwxKfYpIJ2wiiavdeRVNbWiwV7Ti+P9PtPx/hV22NNLwMhvnJcHaSS1PaOi
 SjoxFJ1EJWGEs0QwcdwM8iN3oVuqT5HU/edMgx9TLNTiE1g2GEq59I/RwBtCL8Dh
 OzKnUb4PU1Z81+HimV3KPI8g3cduhYaBR4HfqAhMnc+w5HXI6J3C1NtAE/izZ1Y2
 Od7l+GTJfjPgzIy0hjqfbMt8uU9D9aPr2XjNOWoKRSojae16v8bLx+dFn6RMxFUS
 g3nLEZ6EDpyrJfpGPm6mPgZKSXtvnHuFcbS+utkRuVAtqu07r2XpkGBIJLNVIRHU
 5gLACbTj9TPcAce6RLoaYSDgOuFK0YZMdwzhsAI0YMpyHsUEZpQ5tjWSBY6ENbvF
 7+QhmDnf6N3Bj+vxUtGS40pVsYCGbmOD7UM5QpUxIgVkpPrfRokOZs/fi9sW+Xy6
 eQ2Brbn3t9C2TAsORYzFbuBwuTCqFW/rXHS6iffJpx2eAg3DCqaUAJjptSV/yzj4
 vxiXlDB3fMRcpNd5Je7DoHS4axuj7SLHdpNoUHs+qQsG6yDM5BEuXWGxo/L9sGhe
 XQrUnkZ4m4g01sfgTOfDNurXx/oP0ym+B50q6nLUWv0tYZpmCVil358dIEGPPSMY
 AMXh05tIPFdYSJ3WLs0cxy5X4sXZl5w16Pzeb9SF5topqRUb5PDTfVr2bQUMwTbp
 99FcOQf6cg8HXyT+8b4qKp9WyjCBxAYJKoZIhvcNAQcBoIG2BIGzMIGwMIGtBgsq
 hkiG9w0BDAoBAqBaMFgwHAYKKoZIhvcNAQwBAzAOBAgNhfODEdzSrQICFF0EOCEq
 Fie1peicS9OSXNQjLwbN3kO8lYM2HqeSZoEKJ4JSFlV1kWW3xwfu5aZKrGEYBfGM
 d8renRijMUIwGwYJKoZIhvcNAQkUMQ4eDABjAGEAcgBsAG8AczAjBgkqhkiG9w0B
 CRUxFgQUgSmg+iOgSyCMDXgA3u3aFss0JbkwgcQGCSqGSIb3DQEHAaCBtgSBszCB
 sDCBrQYLKoZIhvcNAQwKAQKgWjBYMBwGCiqGSIb3DQEMAQMwDgQINFcqIEMfd9UC
 AhS1BDgZruEsSaBY+Cm9WKR8HhH3JXh+AoMSrwkDCKytWt+MNIXB0jY2QZHDbN3u
 Fn7qHw06MDthnKniazFCMBsGCSqGSIb3DQEJFDEOHgwAYwBhAHIAbABvAHMwIwYJ
 KoZIhvcNAQkVMRYEFGSF4zucHVrN5gu6Gn8IvsSczIQ/MC8wHzAHBgUrDgMCGgQU
 8nOYIWrnJVXEur957K5cCV3jx5cECJDjaZkfy4FnAgIoAA==
 -----END PKCS12-----

8. Dana's Sample Certificates

 Dana has the following information:

 Name:  Dana Hopper

 Email Address:  dna@smime.example

8.1. Dana's Signature Verification End-Entity Certificate

 This certificate is used for verification of signatures made by Dana.

—-BEGIN CERTIFICATE—–

MIICAzCCAbWgAwIBAgITaWZI+hVtn8pQZviAmPmBXzWfnjAFBgMrZXAwWTENMAsG

 A1UEChMESUVURjERMA8GA1UECxMITEFNUFMgV0cxNTAzBgNVBAMTLFNhbXBsZSBM
 QU1QUyBFZDI1NTE5IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5MCAXDTIwMTIxNTIx
 MzU0NFoYDzIwNTIxMjE1MjEzNTQ0WjA4MQ0wCwYDVQQKEwRJRVRGMREwDwYDVQQL
 EwhMQU1QUyBXRzEUMBIGA1UEAxMLRGFuYSBIb3BwZXIwKjAFBgMrZXADIQCy2h3h
 hkaKDY67PuCuNLnnrQiHdSWYpPlgFsOif85vrqOBrjCBqzAMBgNVHRMBAf8EAjAA
 MBcGA1UdIAQQMA4wDAYKYIZIAWUDAgEwATAdBgNVHREEFjAUgRJkYW5hQHNtaW1l
 LmV4YW1wbGUwEwYDVR0lBAwwCgYIKwYBBQUHAwQwDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgbAMB0G
 A1UdDgQWBBRIA4bBabh4ba7e88wGsDOsVzLdljAfBgNVHSMEGDAWgBRropV9uhSb
 5C0E0Qek0YLkLmuMtTAFBgMrZXADQQDpORBZitzXGYUjxnoKVLIcWL5xner97it5
 VKxEf8E7AeAp96POPEu//2jXnh4qAT40ymW0wrqxU1NT8WW/dSgC
 -----END CERTIFICATE-----

8.2. Dana's Signing Private Key Material

 This private key material is used by Dana to create signatures.

—-BEGIN PRIVATE KEY—–

MC4CAQAwBQYDK2VwBCIEINZ8GPfmQh2AMp+uNIsZMbzvyTOltwvEt13usjnUaW4N

—-END PRIVATE KEY—–

 This secret key is the SHA-256 ([SHA]) digest of the ASCII string
 draft-lamps-sample-certs-keygen.dana.sign.25519.seed.

8.3. Dana's Encryption End-Entity Certificate

 This certificate is used to encrypt messages to Dana.  It contains an
 SMIMECapabilities extension to indicate that Dana's MUA expects ECDH
 with HKDF using SHA-256, and that it uses the AES-128 key wrap
 algorithm, as indicated in [RFC8418].

—-BEGIN CERTIFICATE—–

MIICMDCCAeKgAwIBAgITDksKNqnvupyaO2gkjlIdwN7zpzAFBgMrZXAwWTENMAsG

 A1UEChMESUVURjERMA8GA1UECxMITEFNUFMgV0cxNTAzBgNVBAMTLFNhbXBsZSBM
 QU1QUyBFZDI1NTE5IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5MCAXDTIwMTIxNTIx
 MzU0NFoYDzIwNTIxMjE1MjEzNTQ0WjA4MQ0wCwYDVQQKEwRJRVRGMREwDwYDVQQL
 EwhMQU1QUyBXRzEUMBIGA1UEAxMLRGFuYSBIb3BwZXIwKjAFBgMrZW4DIQDgMaI2
 AWkU9LG8CvaRHgDSEY9d72Y8ENZeMwibPugkVKOB2zCB2DArBgkqhkiG9w0BCQ8E
 HjAcMBoGCyqGSIb3DQEJEAMTMAsGCWCGSAFlAwQBBTAMBgNVHRMBAf8EAjAAMBcG
 A1UdIAQQMA4wDAYKYIZIAWUDAgEwATAdBgNVHREEFjAUgRJkYW5hQHNtaW1lLmV4
 YW1wbGUwEwYDVR0lBAwwCgYIKwYBBQUHAwQwDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgMIMB0GA1Ud
 DgQWBBSd303UBe+a7GCGvCdtBOnOWtyPpDAfBgNVHSMEGDAWgBRropV9uhSb5C0E
 0Qek0YLkLmuMtTAFBgMrZXADQQD6f7DCCxXzpnY3BwmrIuf/SNQSf//Otri7USkd
 9GF+VthGS+9KJ4HTBCh0ZGuHIU9EgnfgdSL1UR3WUkL7tv8A
 -----END CERTIFICATE-----

8.4. Dana's Decryption Private Key Material

 This private key material is used by Dana to decrypt messages.

—-BEGIN PRIVATE KEY—–

MC4CAQAwBQYDK2VuBCIEIGxZt8L7lY48OEq4gs/smQ4weDhRNMlYHG21StivPfz3

—-END PRIVATE KEY—–

 This seed is the SHA-256 ([SHA]) digest of the ASCII string draft-
 lamps-sample-certs-keygen.dana.encrypt.25519.seed.

8.5. PKCS #12 Object for Dana

 This PKCS #12 ([RFC7292]) object contains the same information as
 presented in Sections 6.3, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, and 8.4.

 It is locked with the simple four-letter password dana.

—-BEGIN PKCS12—–

MIIKtgIBAzCCCn4GCSqGSIb3DQEHAaCCCm8EggprMIIKZzCCAu8GCSqGSIb3DQEH

 BqCCAuAwggLcAgEAMIIC1QYJKoZIhvcNAQcBMBwGCiqGSIb3DQEMAQMwDgQIZNqH
 TA2APx0CAhQXgIICqK+HFHF6dF5qwlWM6MRCXw11VKrcYBff65iLABPyGvWENnVM
 TTPpDLqbGm6Yd2eLntPZvJoVe5Sf2+DW4q3BZ9aKuEdneBBk8mDJ6/Lq1+wFxY5k
 WaBHTA6LNml/NkM3za/fr4abKFQnu6DZgZDGbZh2BsgCMmO9TeHgZyepsh3WP4ZO
 aYDvSD0LiEzerDPlOBgjYahcNLjv/Dn/dFxtOO3or010TTUoQCqeHJOoq3hJtSI+
 8n0iXk6gtf1/ROj6JRt/3Aqz/mLMIhuxIg/5K1wxY9AwFT4oyflapNJozGg9qwGi
 PWVtEy3QDNvAs3bDfiNQqAfJOEHv2z3Ran7sYuz3vE0FnPfA81oWbazlydjB0P/B
 OQ+s6VLbsAosnZq9jv2ZVrCDaDAl/g7oD7fY8qmaC6O2q5/Z3KusfMt+r9En2v81
 H2vjgrpxnDIXjYuLZdrnNE/slRtqadOGR/WQ358RG+yUmRUbHYHGnkjn9fOGLasI
 ZUV0aowivcWyF/kR7QV3VVexgqJMX6k1vzSXRoJ/tnA+1/WPWy1mCJeljGOgYqSV
 txtVB61Qmc2XP48F7wyaQZvdAU9zfe11/tHAaKKJWBpE1lIuAEkGtIP6ozYJBFjH
 I11tBA8fijTnug+S4OvSgjtsRV/+kSEiW4F+pwE8RuTYfUu7q+Ew0LYdLgkH5OyE
 sn0b62UFpR/E1D9exWzohrFbIdUCbjtssXucruAqPNhW/abT0zicWu5nvf+Pniow
 2VxvhwoGt5jZ+lkaR5Z+1/GpbMgq47EUyGCgKv+5GAcJxUxINZqLbACJ/MhLfYPB
 eJrXz8f5Cigm1wZLisYCqnuc8cGCXjNqNkUlqtzodM8xv4gcgT/zILxmJTZP2q4n
 YA4yBQx5/n2G2dZC+pf3kAfbXcp0MIICpwYJKoZIhvcNAQcGoIICmDCCApQCAQAw
 ggKNBgkqhkiG9w0BBwEwHAYKKoZIhvcNAQwBAzAOBAjxuoiaSZDbnwICFH+AggJg
 k2hcNYtO0+15uLqXdiNhr5Q0JkYcrHdo0wR6G5AgLmwI+TYi+P8EZUjDIJ4TJ3b4
 6xv7+3pT8cbEFf6PXcfS8/sCfM7FaV3SpLACLZbBJV52OKE0CAgALZOLuIz5mGVU
 tWI2h1x587KeIv5GRPIxumDebT3Gmkkp9Qoi55hjTgn68olSgDaJF8o5wnfODhkS
 o110a3x9OwkJSN1AXfmBfj33KnT8Dc4bTfAZy1S5o1zCtaEqnct2Urb4PeO3LfHB
 ErBsvY8HE4D7qh6P5ftXHQHAx/b3hbU8jQP1tR0N9Oh0SiLi//ebCeGXWQRdVjL5
 +VQrhlQF5d4Kz9Zx79oC36g7C2BxCQomur/F9TT12NPzPpaEGGo6ljB6myAHnYw9
 rCxbSxBvbtEtlgJnxxb1Y5Q4ukgyjzK6431Bwq2+iNL0vGc9o2c5ELUPU9zGeLBZ
 tXWvdX27aOHjusPfDZl70C5zHiYs1FU6Tkn9Aotc424Q3d2IRTTcYnnjs1VSi1Sr
 4bRyB8zBAQmdQrniBW++7eJm3m/EOU0Yy0noUT169m8KNJrmSspMvKS6pyiYHR4I
 BvAIkRIjvdtQvJdQJ+Uyr+HH5daE6golW1917b2bXj/41mvXYkJY6W8x0km1RYhH
 QJZphWlvNcrHKo46Unk48Qc/5J5tI+6UDTXFr//V34vcpQ2ktp0MAKl1rBH549ef
 CsGQTGoq8XHPhksehEEMRmOJDeKTVkKx8xNhbwb395yFCIxfF2NHeDLXP+JyW+nH
 Iy2fnBDlyTiPF7YXyGiPjPAgK8LS8GUE+Zq2rWqrGNkwggM/BgkqhkiG9w0BBwag
 ggMwMIIDLAIBADCCAyUGCSqGSIb3DQEHATAcBgoqhkiG9w0BDAEDMA4ECOfJ/s3Y
 f5bgAgIUnYCCAvi4NaYP4lpAtuXtE02Zqgl9aLFwsj9B/rikBo6O1ZR/lsryJ4PJ
 VGYy6NyBPjG67glJVMYiI3Hge+j66FXKXD/AaiMVD21ZmfrH935Sl4ZUKS9tpTJL
 QDw3ejpDEDqJUFJZJ/ybgpRAKoNjhcE3B7F7+WMI8Pr70M1Fbw7ytUCAjOf18sIW
 prUA8f8O9dLiGgiWyjE5HMzSXEib5IMRpq5x4Q28pBrT8rVYgoQSSyVkfHtU7LDi
 Bm68RfBgEl7jIqLdrt2kKxHC3/lC4xXQgFNXeQO56aRp8Yu4VpoRwraVLUO3tJk+
 pf1zFfmUei/JtiFlC6uf0PvC2B5h6kAZocE1lLxGIDFH7fTd6dzP7qTDbUQ+uEk3
 qsgktT2pcoVnxTanvQmTCEZM9ZKCX5/z7Gkm+z83lGLDDU9oNyRSrxHrRBIvgH4w
 3aGH1v6kfYOWwwwaghQOQIZFyzGVRKXsP7AslL+n4ti831TxqSUZX2qy9LpI4Tjp
 5A/NLMKo3uqmHFlTLnnYUqoppe88FNY8T/LXnHp0KTkuXFmdKJtp1/ydqh18jBk7
 nfLcQFdf1R/5okysblRtaMujlhelymT7MoM8u5C8ceIO7uWX8NI5B/IB+Yn2BvzZ
 9LXoSia/wHjTu7UK610o7WOq9qTYe1i1x+HsmJaOC6hpaQh6b33VWDrHJbl7c/4Z
 tvQ9qAzqkqIhFWMRXNK+32jFVAgXrD8U1QHW2ip5s7W/Xtm1AegrhG1nSQgJezYl
 OnE/t2PDWuPeW94kR0uv1fNsh6plLyZYf/BaqhoGCHsa/ipD86viVSZDgJ8ASVLF
 eLUK3HYFMhJ+MLEzZJffYZAOnbYoyNPNc0vc7dpbk+ZMnlb5bDFcMCpm7+fWOjsC
 nsNNL9nqQlNHHCJRKGuxO5rujftbPM7R3GLT9d/u5e9YY5cX0RiDLxomFfflj2Yh
 uRoyX+8WzESt98I/KmAraWKXnxOP1FEWajtNCrnGCezDKO3xEHTQhECpg+z7O4mj
 MjN6MIHABgkqhkiG9w0BBwGggbIEga8wgawwgakGCyqGSIb3DQEMCgECoFowWDAc
 BgoqhkiG9w0BDAEDMA4ECL2Bz1vW+YZkAgIUugQ4YOyEjke53NDvCFR0ciUHZ7re
 f9/wPx5TgV3qzGhfR4bP2rdpiOt9hAHVK5cmUAR7+wjAJiYdLUQxPjAXBgkqhkiG
 9w0BCRQxCh4IAGQAYQBuAGEwIwYJKoZIhvcNAQkVMRYEFJ3fTdQF75rsYIa8J20E
 6c5a3I+kMIHABgkqhkiG9w0BBwGggbIEga8wgawwgakGCyqGSIb3DQEMCgECoFow
 WDAcBgoqhkiG9w0BDAEDMA4ECFw78Uk8K64uAgIU+gQ4id0jRb3JyEM5fdpaeQR+
 YEeMn+Y5KavplVD5HtgQQY9hhppbQqG4af7KY+MT6xus6oNEQeJAE5wxPjAXBgkq
 hkiG9w0BCRQxCh4IAGQAYQBuAGEwIwYJKoZIhvcNAQkVMRYEFEgDhsFpuHhtrt7z
 zAawM6xXMt2WMC8wHzAHBgUrDgMCGgQUzSoHpcIerV21CvCOjAe5ZVhs2M8ECC5D
 kkzl2MltAgIoAA==
 -----END PKCS12-----

9. Security Considerations

 The keys presented in this document should be considered compromised
 and insecure, because the secret key material is published and
 therefore not secret.

 Any application that maintains a deny list of invalid key material
 should include these keys in its list.

10. IANA Considerations

 This document has no IANA actions.

11. References

11.1. Normative References

 [RFC5280]  Cooper, D., Santesson, S., Farrell, S., Boeyen, S.,
            Housley, R., and W. Polk, "Internet X.509 Public Key
            Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List
            (CRL) Profile", RFC 5280, DOI 10.17487/RFC5280, May 2008,
            <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5280>.

 [RFC5958]  Turner, S., "Asymmetric Key Packages", RFC 5958,
            DOI 10.17487/RFC5958, August 2010,
            <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5958>.

 [RFC7292]  Moriarty, K., Ed., Nystrom, M., Parkinson, S., Rusch, A.,
            and M. Scott, "PKCS #12: Personal Information Exchange
            Syntax v1.1", RFC 7292, DOI 10.17487/RFC7292, July 2014,
            <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7292>.

 [RFC7468]  Josefsson, S. and S. Leonard, "Textual Encodings of PKIX,
            PKCS, and CMS Structures", RFC 7468, DOI 10.17487/RFC7468,
            April 2015, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7468>.

 [RFC8032]  Josefsson, S. and I. Liusvaara, "Edwards-Curve Digital
            Signature Algorithm (EdDSA)", RFC 8032,
            DOI 10.17487/RFC8032, January 2017,
            <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8032>.

 [RFC8479]  Mavrogiannopoulos, N., "Storing Validation Parameters in
            PKCS#8", RFC 8479, DOI 10.17487/RFC8479, September 2018,
            <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8479>.

 [RFC8551]  Schaad, J., Ramsdell, B., and S. Turner, "Secure/
            Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (S/MIME) Version 4.0
            Message Specification", RFC 8551, DOI 10.17487/RFC8551,
            April 2019, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8551>.

11.2. Informative References

 [FIPS186-4]
            National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST),
            "Digital Signature Standard (DSS)", FIPS PUB 186-4,
            DOI 10.6028/NIST.FIPS.186-4, July 2013,
            <https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.FIPS.186-4>.

 [OPENPGP-SAMPLES]
            Einarsson, B. R., juga, and D. K. Gillmor, "OpenPGP
            Example Keys and Certificates", Work in Progress,
            Internet-Draft, draft-bre-openpgp-samples-01, 20 December
            2019, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-bre-
            openpgp-samples-01>.

 [RFC4134]  Hoffman, P., Ed., "Examples of S/MIME Messages", RFC 4134,
            DOI 10.17487/RFC4134, July 2005,
            <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4134>.

 [RFC5322]  Resnick, P., Ed., "Internet Message Format", RFC 5322,
            DOI 10.17487/RFC5322, October 2008,
            <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5322>.

 [RFC7469]  Evans, C., Palmer, C., and R. Sleevi, "Public Key Pinning
            Extension for HTTP", RFC 7469, DOI 10.17487/RFC7469, April
            2015, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7469>.

 [RFC8410]  Josefsson, S. and J. Schaad, "Algorithm Identifiers for
            Ed25519, Ed448, X25519, and X448 for Use in the Internet
            X.509 Public Key Infrastructure", RFC 8410,
            DOI 10.17487/RFC8410, August 2018,
            <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8410>.

 [RFC8418]  Housley, R., "Use of the Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Key
            Agreement Algorithm with X25519 and X448 in the
            Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)", RFC 8418,
            DOI 10.17487/RFC8418, August 2018,
            <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8418>.

 [SHA]      National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST),
            "Secure Hash Standard (SHS)", FIPS PUB 180-4,
            DOI 10.6028/NIST.FIPS.180-4, August 2015,
            <https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.FIPS.180-4>.

 [TEST-POLICY]
            National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST),
            "Test Certificate Policy to Support PKI Pilots and
            Testing", Computer Security Resource Center, May 2012,
            <https://csrc.nist.gov/CSRC/media/Projects/Computer-
            Security-Objects-Register/documents/test_policy.pdf>.

Acknowledgements

 This document was inspired by similar work in the OpenPGP space by
 Bjarni Rúnar Einarsson and juga; see [OPENPGP-SAMPLES].

 Eric Rescorla helped spot issues with certificate formats.

 Sean Turner pointed to [RFC4134] as prior work.

 Deb Cooley suggested that Alice and Bob should have separate
 certificates for signing and encryption.

 Wolfgang Hommel helped to build reproducible encrypted PKCS #12
 objects.

 Carsten Bormann got the XML sourcecode markup working for this
 document.

 David A. Cooper identified problems with the certificates and
 suggested corrections.

 Lijun Liao helped get the terminology right.

 Stewart Bryant and Roman Danyliw provided editorial suggestions.

Author's Address

 Daniel Kahn Gillmor (editor)
 American Civil Liberties Union
 125 Broad St.
 New York, NY 10004
 United States of America
 Email: dkg@fifthhorseman.net