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rfc:rfc7485

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) L. Zhou Request for Comments: 7485 N. Kong Category: Informational S. Shen ISSN: 2070-1721 CNNIC

                                                              S. Sheng
                                                                 ICANN
                                                             A. Servin
                                                                LACNIC
                                                            March 2015
        Inventory and Analysis of WHOIS Registration Objects

Abstract

 WHOIS output objects from registries, including both Regional
 Internet Registries (RIRs) and Domain Name Registries (DNRs), were
 collected and analyzed.  This document describes the process and
 results of the statistical analysis of existing WHOIS information.
 The purpose of this document is to build an object inventory to
 facilitate discussions of data objects included in Registration Data
 Access Protocol (RDAP) responses.

Status of This Memo

 This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is
 published for informational purposes.
 This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
 (IETF).  It represents the consensus of the IETF community.  It has
 received public review and has been approved for publication by the
 Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG).  Not all documents
 approved by the IESG are a candidate for any level of Internet
 Standard; see Section 2 of RFC 5741.
 Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
 and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
 http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7485.

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 1] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

Copyright Notice

 Copyright (c) 2015 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
 document authors.  All rights reserved.
 This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
 Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
 (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
 publication of this document.  Please review these documents
 carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
 to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
 include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
 the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
 described in the Simplified BSD License.

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 2] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

Table of Contents

 1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
 2.  Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
 3.  Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
 4.  RIR Objects Analysis  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   4.1.  WHOIS Data for Organizations Holding a Resource . . . . .   7
   4.2.  WHOIS Data for Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   4.3.  WHOIS Data for IP Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   4.4.  WHOIS Data for ASNs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   4.5.  Conclusion  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
 5.  DNR Object Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
   5.1.  Overview  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
   5.2.  Public Objects  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
     5.2.1.  WHOIS Data for Domains  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
     5.2.2.  WHOIS Data for Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
       5.2.2.1.  Registrant  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
       5.2.2.2.  Admin Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
       5.2.2.3.  Tech Contact  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
       5.2.2.4.  Billing Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
     5.2.3.  WHOIS Data for Nameservers  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
     5.2.4.  WHOIS Data for Registrars . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
   5.3.  Other Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
   5.4.  Conclusion  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
     5.4.1.  Preliminary Statistics  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
     5.4.2.  Data Element Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  26
     5.4.3.  Label Analysis  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  28
     5.4.4.  Analysis of Other Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  28
   5.5.  Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  29
 6.  Reference Extension Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  30
   6.1.  RIR Reference Extension Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . .  30
   6.2.  DNR Reference Extension Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . .  30
 7.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  30
 8.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  31
 Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  32
 Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  32

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 3] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

1. Introduction

 Regional Internet Registries (RIRs) and Domain Name Registries (DNRs)
 have historically maintained a lookup service to permit public access
 to some portion of the registry database.  Most registries offer the
 service via the WHOIS protocol [RFC3912], with additional services
 being offered via World Wide Web pages, bulk downloads, and other
 services, such as Routing Policy Specification Language (RPSL)
 [RFC2622].
 Although the WHOIS protocol is widely adopted and supported, it has
 several shortcomings that limit its usefulness to the evolving needs
 of the Internet community.  Specifically:
 o  It has no query and response format.
 o  It does not support user authentication or access control for
    differentiated access.
 o  It has not been internationalized and thus does not consistently
    support Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs) as described in
    [RFC5890].
 This document records an inventory of registry data objects to
 facilitate discussions of registration data objects.  The
 Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP) ([RFC7480], [RFC7482],
 [RFC7483], and [RFC7484]) was developed using this inventory as
 input.
 In the number space, there were altogether five RIRs.  Although all
 RIRs provided information about IP addresses, Autonomous System
 Numbers (ASNs), and contacts, the data model used was different for
 each RIR.  In the domain name space, there were over 200 country code
 Top-Level Domains (ccTLDs) and over 400 generic Top-Level Domains
 (gTLDs) when this document was published.  Different Domain Name
 Registries may have different WHOIS response objects and formats.  A
 common understanding of all these data formats was critical to
 construct a single data model for each object.
 This document describes the WHOIS data collection procedures and
 gives an inventory analysis of data objects based on the collected
 data from the five RIRs, 106 ccTLDs, and 18 gTLDs from DNRs.  The RIR
 data objects are classified by the five RIRs into IP address, ASN,
 person or contact, and the organization that held the resource.
 According to SPECIFICATION 4 ("SPECIFICATION FOR REGISTRATION DATA
 PUBLICATION SERVICES") of the new gTLD applicant guidebook
 [ICANN.AGB-201206] and the Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)
 ([RFC5730], [RFC5731], [RFC5732], and [RFC5733]), the DNR data

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 4] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

 objects are classified by whether they relate to the domain, contact,
 nameserver, or registrar.  Objects that do not belong to the
 categories above are viewed as privately specified objects.  In this
 document, there is no intent to analyze all the query and response
 types that exist in RIRs and DNRs.  The most common query objects are
 discussed, but other objects such as RPSL data structures used by
 Internet Routing Registries (IRRs) can be documented later if the
 community feels it is necessary.

2. Terminology

 o  Data element - The name of a specific response object.
 o  Label - The name given to a particular data element; it may vary
    between registries.
 o  Most popular label - The label that is most supported by the
    registries.
 o  Number of labels - The number of different labels.
 o  No. of TLDs - The number of registries that support a certain data
    element.

3. Methodology

 WHOIS information, including port 43 response and web response data,
 was collected between July 9, 2012, and July 20, 2012, following the
 procedures described below.
 (1)  First, find the RIR WHOIS servers of the five RIRs, which are
      AFRINIC, APNIC, ARIN, LACNIC, and RIPE NCC.  All the RIRs
      provide information about IP addresses, ASNs, and contacts.
 (2)  Query the corresponding IP addresses, ASNs, contacts, and
      organizations registered in the five RIRs.  Then, make a
      comparative analysis of the response data.
 (3)  Group together the data elements that have the same meaning but
      use different labels.

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 5] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

 DNR object collection process:
 (1)  A programming script was applied to collect port 43 response
      data from 294 ccTLDs. "nic.ccTLD" was used as the query string,
      which is usually registered in a domain registry.  Responses for
      106 ccTLDs were received. 18 gTLDs' port 43 response data was
      collected from their contracts with ICANN.  Thus, the sample
      size of port 43 WHOIS response data is 124 registries in total.
 (2)  WHOIS data from the web was collected manually from the 124
      registries that send port 43 WHOIS responses.
 (3)  Some of the response that which were collected by the program
      did not seem to be correct, so data for the top 10 ccTLD
      registries, like .de, .eu, and .uk, was re-verified by querying
      domain names other than "nic.ccTLD".
 (4)  In accordance with SPECIFICATION 4 of the new gTLD applicant
      guidebook [ICANN.AGB-201206] and EPP ([RFC5730], [RFC5731],
      [RFC5732] and [RFC5733]), the response data objects are
      classified into public and other data objects.  Public data
      objects are those that are defined in the above references.
      Other objects are those that are privately specified data
      elements or objects in different registries.
 (5)  Data elements with the same meaning, but using different labels,
      were grouped together.  The number of registries that support
      each data element is shown in the "No. of TLDs" column.

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 6] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

4. RIR Objects Analysis

4.1. WHOIS Data for Organizations Holding a Resource

 Table 1 shows the organization objects of the five RIRs.

+————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | RIR | AFRINIC |APNIC| ARIN | LACNIC | RIPE NCC | | Objects | | | | | | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | Organization |organisation| NA | Name | Owner | org-name | | name | | | | | | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | Organization | org-name | NA | Handle | owner-id |organisation| | ID | | | | | | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | Company | NA | NA | Company | NA | NA | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | Name of | NA | NA | NA |responsible| NA | | person | | | | | | | responsible | | | | | | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | Type of | org-type | NA | NA | NA | org-type | | organization | | | | | | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | Country | country | NA | country | country | country | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | Postal | address | NA | address | address | address | | Address | | | | | | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | City | NA | NA | city | NA | address | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | State | NA | NA | StateProv| NA | address | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | Postal | NA | NA |PostalCode| NA | address | | Code | | | | | | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | Phone | phone | NA | NA | phone | phone | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | Fax Number | fax-no | NA | NA | NA | fax-no | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | ID of | admin-c | NA | Admin | owner-c | admin-c | |administrative| | | POC | | | | contact | | | | | | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | ID of | tech-c | NA | Tech POC | tech-c | tech-c | | technical | | | | | | | contact | | | | | |

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 7] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

+————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | Maintainer | mnt-ref | NA | NOC POC | NA | mnt-ref | | organization | | | | | | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | Maintainer | mnt-by | NA | Abuse | NA | mnt-by | | object | | | POC | | | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | Remarks | remarks | NA | NA | NA | remarks | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | Date of | Changed | NA | RegDate | created | Changed | | record | | | | | | | creation | | | | | | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | Date of | changed | NA | Updated | changed | changed | | record | | | | | | | changed | | | | | | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | List of | NA | NA | NA | list of | NA | | resources | | | | resources | | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | Source | source | NA | NA | NA | source | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+ | Reference | NA | NA | Ref | NA | NA | +————–+————+—–+———-+———–+————+

       Table 1.  WHOIS Data for Organizations Holding a Resource

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 8] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

4.2. WHOIS Data for Contacts

 Table 2 shows the contact objects of the five RIRs.
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 | Data Element | AFRINIC |  APNIC  |    ARIN    |  LACNIC |   RIPE  |
 |              |         |         |            |         |   NCC   |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 |     Name     |  person |  person |    Name    |  person |  person |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 |   Company    |    NA   |    NA   |  Company   |    NA   |    NA   |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 |    Postal    | address | address |  Address   | address | address |
 |   Address    |         |         |            |         |         |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 |     City     |    NA   |    NA   |    City    |    NA   | address |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 |    State     |    NA   |    NA   | StateProv  |    NA   | address |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 | Postal Code  |    NA   |    NA   | PostalCode |    NA   | address |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 |   Country    |    NA   | country |  Country   | country |    NA   |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 |    Phone     |  phone  |  phone  |   Mobile   |  phone  |  phone  |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 |  Fax Number  |  fax-no |  fax-no |    Fax     |    NA   |  fax-no |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 |    Email     |  e-mail |  e-mail |   Email    |  e-mail |    NA   |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 |      ID      | nic-hdl | nic-hdl |   Handle   | nic-hdl | nic-hdl |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 |   Remarks    | remarks | remarks |  Remarks   |    NA   | remarks |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 |    Notify    |  notify |  notify |     NA     |    NA   |  notify |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 |    ID of     |  mnt-by |  mnt-by |     NA     |    NA   |  mnt-by |
 |  maintainer  |         |         |            |         |         |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 | Registration | changed |    NA   |  RegDate   | created | changed |
 |     Date     |         |         |            |         |         |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 | Registration | changed | changed |  Updated   | changed | changed |
 |    update    |         |         |            |         |         |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 |    Source    |  source |  source |     NA     |    NA   |  source |

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 9] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
 |  Reference   |    NA   |    NA   |    Ref     |    NA   |    NA   |
 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
                   Table 2.  WHOIS Data for Contacts

4.3. WHOIS Data for IP Addresses

 Table 4 shows the IP address objects of the five RIRs.
 Note: Due to the 72-character limit on line length, strings in some
 cells of the table are split into two or more parts, which are placed
 on separate lines within the same cell.  A hyphen in the final
 position of a string indicates that the string has been split due to
 the length limit.
                    +----------+----------+----------+
                    | Adminis- |          |  abuse-- |
                    | trative  |  admin-c |  mailbox |
                    | contact  |          |          |
                    +----------+----------+----------+
                 Table 3.  Example of String Splitting
 For instance, the original strings in the cells of Table 3 are
 "Administrative contact", "admin-c", and "abuse-mailbox",
 respectively.

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 10] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Data AFRINIC APNIC ARIN LACNIC RIPE NCC
Element

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

IP inetnum inetnum NetRange NA inetnum
address
range

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

IPv6 inet6num inet6num CIDR inetnum inet6num
address
range

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Description descr descr NetName NA descr

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Remarks remarks remarks NA NA remarks

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Origin AS NA NA OriginAS OriginAS NA
(future)

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Network netname netname NetHandle inetrev netname
name/ID

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Maintainer mnt-by NA NA NA mnt-by
Object

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Maintainer mnt– NA NA NA NA
Sub- lower
assignments

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Adminis- admin-c admin-c OrgId ownerid admin-c
trative
contact

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Parent parent NA Parent NA NA
range

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Status status status NetType status status

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Registration changed NA RegDate created changed
Date

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Registration changed changed Updated changed changed
update

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Reference NA NA Ref NA NA

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 11] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

ID org NA OrgId owner organisation
organization
holding the
resource

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Referral NA NA ReferralServer NA NA
server

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Technical tech-c tech-c OrgTechHandle tech-c tech-c
contact

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Abuse NA NA OrgAbuseHandle abuse-cabuse-mailbox
contact

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Referral NA NA RTechHandle NA NA
technical
contact

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Referral mnt-irt mnt-irt RAbuseHandle NA NA
abuse
contact

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Referral NA NA RNOCHandle NA NA
NOC
contact

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

Name NA NA NA nserver NA
server

+————+——–+———-+————–+——–+————-+

                 Table 4.  WHOIS Data for IP Addresses

4.4. WHOIS Data for ASNs

+————–+———+———-+————-+———+———-+

Data AFRINIC APNIC ARIN LACNIC RIPE NCC
Element

+————–+———+———-+————-+———+———-+

ID aut-num aut-num ASNumber aut-num aut-num

+————–+———+———-+————-+———+———-+

Description descr descr NA NA descr

+————–+———+———-+————-+———+———-+

Organization org NA OrgId owner org

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 12] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

+————–+———+———-+————-+———+———-+

Comment remarks NA Comment NA remarks

+————–+———+———-+————-+———+———-+

Administrative admin-c admin-c ASHandle owner-id admin-c
contact ID

+————–+———+———-+————-+———+———-+

Technical tech-c tech-c OrgTechHandlerouting-c tech-c
contact ID

+————–+———+———-+————-+———+———-+

Organization NA nic-hdl NA owner-c organi-
ID sation

+————–+———+———-+————-+———+———-+

Notify notify notify NA NA NA

+————–+———+———-+————-+———+———-+

Abuse NA NA OrgAbuse abuse-c NA
contact Handle

+————–+———+———-+————-+———+———-+

Maintainer mnt-by mnt-by NA NA mnt-by
Object

+————–+———+———-+————-+———+———-+

Maintainer mnt-lower mnt-lower NA NA mnt-lower
Sub-
assignments

+————–+———+———-+————-+———+———-+

Maintainer NA NA NA NA mnt-ref
Organization

+————–+———+———-+————-+———+———-+

Registration changed NA RegDate created NA
Date

+————–+———+———-+————-+———+———-+

Registration changed changed Updated changed NA
update

+————–+———+———-+————-+———+———-+

Source source source NA NA source

+————–+———+———-+————-+———+———-+

                     Table 5.  WHOIS Data for ASNs

4.5. Conclusion

 As can be observed, some data elements were not supported by all
 RIRs, and some were given different labels by different RIRs.  Also,
 there were identical labels used for different data elements by
 different RIRs.  In order to construct a single data model for each
 object, a selection of the most common and useful fields was made.
 That initial selection was the starting point for [RFC7483].

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 13] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

5. DNR Object Analysis

5.1. Overview

 WHOIS data was collected from 124 registries, including 106 ccTLDs
 and 18 gTLDs.  All 124 registries support domain queries.  Among 124
 registries, eight ccTLDs and 15 gTLDs support queries for specific
 contact persons or roles. 10 ccTLDs and 18 gTLDs support queries by
 nameserver.  Four ccTLDs and 18 gTLDs support registrar queries.
 Domain WHOIS data contain 68 data elements that use a total of 550
 labels.  There is a total of 392 other objects for domain WHOIS data.

5.2. Public Objects

 As mentioned above, public objects are those data elements selected
 according to the new gTLD applicant guidebook and EPP.  They are
 generally classified into four categories by whether they are related
 to the domain, contact, nameserver, or registrar.

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 14] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

5.2.1. WHOIS Data for Domains

 WHOIS replies about domains include "Domain Name", "Creation Date",
 "Domain Status", "Expiration Date", "Updated Date", "Domain ID",
 "DNSSEC", and "Last Transferred Date".  Table 6 gives the element
 name, most popular label, and the corresponding numbers of TLDs and
 labels.
 +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+
 |    Data Element   |   Most Popular    |   No. of   |    No. of    |
 |                   |      Label        |    TLDs    |    Labels    |
 +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+
 |    Domain Name    |    Domain Name    |    118     |      6       |
 +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+
 |   Creation Date   |      Created      |    106     |      24      |
 +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+
 |   Domain Status   |       Status      |     95     |      8       |
 +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+
 |  Expiration Date  |  Expiration Date  |     81     |      21      |
 +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+
 |    Updated Date   |      Modified     |     70     |      20      |
 +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+
 |     Domain ID     |     Domain ID     |     34     |      5       |
 +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+
 |       DNSSEC      |       DNSSEC      |     14     |      4       |
 +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+
 |  Last Transferred |  Last Transferred |     4      |      3       |
 |        Date       |        Date       |            |              |
 +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+
                   Table 6.  WHOIS Data for Domains
 Several statistical conclusions obtained from above data are:
 o  95.16% of the 124 registries support a "Domain Name" data element.
 o  85.48% of the 124 registries support a "Creation Date" data
    element.
 o  76.61% of the 124 registries support a "Domain Status" data
    element.
 o  On the other hand, some elements such as "DNSSEC" and "Last
    Transferred Date" are only supported by 11.29% and 3.23% of the
    registries, respectively.

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 15] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

5.2.2. WHOIS Data for Contacts

 In the domain name space, contacts are typically divided into
 registrant, administrative contact, technical contact, and billing
 contact.

5.2.2.1. Registrant

 Table 7 shows all the contact information for a registrant. 14 data
 elements are listed below.
 +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
 |    Data Element    |  Most Popular Label |   No. of  |   No. of   |
 |                    |                     |    TLDs   |   Labels   |
 +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
 |  Registrant Name   |         Name        |     65    |     7      |
 +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
 |  Registrant Email  |   Registrant Email  |     59    |     7      |
 +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
 |   Registrant ID    |    Registrant ID    |     50    |     12     |
 +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
 |  Registrant Phone  |   Registrant Phone  |     48    |     6      |
 +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
 |   Registrant Fax   |    Registrant Fax   |     44    |     6      |
 +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
 |     Registrant     |      Registrant     |     42    |     4      |
 |    Organization    |     Organization    |           |            |
 +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
 | Registrant Country |       Country       |     42    |     6      |
 |        Code        |                     |           |            |
 +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
 |  Registrant City   |   Registrant City   |     38    |     4      |
 +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
 | Registrant Postal  |  Registrant Postal  |     37    |     5      |
 |        Code        |         Code        |           |            |
 +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
 |     Registrant     |      Registrant     |     32    |     4      |
 |   State/Province   |    State/Province   |           |            |
 +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
 | Registrant Street  |  Registrant Street1 |     31    |     16     |
 +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
 | Registrant Country |  Registrant Country |     19    |     4      |
 +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
 |  Registrant Phone  |   Registrant Phone  |     18    |     2      |
 |        Ext.        |         Ext.        |           |            |

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 16] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

 +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
 | Registrant Fax Ext |  Registrant Fax Ext |     17    |     2      |
 +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+
                         Table 7.  Registrant
 Among all the data elements, only "Registrant Name" is supported by
 more than one half of registries.  Those supported by more than one
 third of registries are: "Registrant Name", "Registrant Email",
 "Registrant ID", "Registrant Phone", "Registrant Fax", "Registrant
 Organization", and "Registrant Country Code".

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 17] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

5.2.2.2. Admin Contact

 Table 8 shows all the contact information for an administrative
 contact. 14 data elements are listed below.
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |    Data Element    | Most Popular Label |   No. of  |    No. of   |
 |                    |                    |    TLDs   |    Labels   |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |    Admin Street    |      Address       |     64    |      19     |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |     Admin Name     |     Admin Name     |     60    |      9      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |    Admin Email     |    Admin Email     |     54    |      12     |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |      Admin ID      |      Admin ID      |     52    |      16     |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |     Admin Fax      |     Admin Fax      |     44    |      8      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |    Admin Phone     |    Admin Phone     |     43    |      9      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 | Admin Organization | Admin Organization |     42    |      9      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 | Admin Country Code |      Country       |     42    |      7      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |     Admin City     |     Admin City     |     35    |      5      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 | Admin Postal Code  | Admin Postal Code  |     35    |      7      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |       Admin        |       Admin        |     28    |      5      |
 |   State/Province   |   State/Province   |           |             |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |   Admin Country    |   Admin Country    |     17    |      5      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |  Admin Phone Ext.  |  Admin Phone Ext.  |     17    |      3      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |   Admin Fax Ext.   |   Admin Fax Ext.   |     17    |      3      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
                        Table 8.  Admin Contact
 Among all the data elements, only "Admin Street" is supported by more
 than one half of registries.  Those supported by more than one third
 of registries are: "Admin Street", "Admin Name", "Admin Email",
 "Admin ID", "Admin Fax", "Admin Phone", "Admin Organization", and
 "Admin Country Code".

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 18] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

5.2.2.3. Tech Contact

 Table 9 shows all the information for a domain name technical
 contact. 14 data elements are listed below.
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |    Data Element    | Most Popular Label |   No. of  |    No. of   |
 |                    |                    |    TLDs   |    Labels   |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |     Tech Email     |     Tech Email     |     59    |      9      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |      Tech ID       |      Tech ID       |     55    |      16     |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |     Tech Name      |     Tech Name      |     47    |      6      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |      Tech Fax      |      Tech Fax      |     45    |      9      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |     Tech Phone     |     Tech Phone     |     45    |      10     |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 | Tech Country Code  |      Country       |     43    |      9      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 | Tech Organization  | Tech Organization  |     39    |      7      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |     Tech City      |     Tech City      |     36    |      4      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |  Tech Postal Code  |  Tech Postal Code  |     36    |      7      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |        Tech        |        Tech        |     30    |      4      |
 |   State/Province   |   State/Province   |           |             |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |    Tech Street     |    Tech Street1    |     27    |      16     |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |    Tech Country    |    Tech Country    |     18    |      5      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |    Tech Fax Ext    |    Tech Fax Ext    |     18    |      3      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |  Tech Phone Ext.   |  Tech Phone Ext.   |     13    |      3      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
                        Table 9.  Tech Contact
 Among all the data elements, there are no elements supported by more
 than one half of registries.  Those supported by more than one third
 of registries are: "Tech Email", "Tech ID", "Tech Name", "Tech Fax",
 "Tech Phone", and "Tech Country Code".

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 19] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

5.2.2.4. Billing Contact

 Table 10 shows all the information for a domain name billing contact.
 14 data elements are listed below.
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |    Data Element    | Most Popular Label |   No. of  |    No. of   |
 |                    |                    |    TLDs   |    Labels   |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |    Billing Name    |        Name        |     47    |      5      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |    Billing Fax     |        Fax         |     43    |      6      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |   Billing Email    |   Email Address    |     42    |      7      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |  Billing Country   |      Country       |     38    |      4      |
 |        Code        |                    |           |             |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |   Billing Phone    |    Phone Number    |     34    |      6      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |     Billing ID     |     Billing ID     |     28    |      9      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |    Billing City    |    Billing City    |     28    |      4      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |      Billing       |      Billing       |     28    |      5      |
 |    Organization    |    Organization    |           |             |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |   Billing Postal   |   Billing Postal   |     27    |      4      |
 |        Code        |        Code        |           |             |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |      Billing       |      Billing       |     21    |      4      |
 |   State/Province   |   State/Province   |           |             |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |   Billing Street   |  Billing Street1   |     19    |      13     |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |  Billing Country   |  Billing Country   |     13    |      5      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 | Billing Phone Ext. | Billing Phone Ext. |     10    |      2      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |  Billing Fax Ext   |  Billing Fax Ext   |     10    |      2      |
 +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+
                      Table 10.  Billing Contact
 Among all the data elements, there are no elements supported by more
 than one half of registries.  Those supported by more than one third
 of registries are "Billing Name", "Billing Fax", and "Billing Email".

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 20] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

5.2.3. WHOIS Data for Nameservers

 114 registries (about 92% of the 124 registries) have the
 "nameserver" data element in their WHOIS responses.  However, there
 are 63 different labels for this element, as shown in Table 11.  The
 top three labels for this element are "Name Server" (which is
 supported by 25% of the registries), "Name Servers" (which is
 supported by 16% of the registries), and "nserver" (which is
 supported by 12% of the registries).
  +--------------+--------------------+-------------+---------------+
  | Data Element | Most Popular Label | No. of TLDs | No. of Labels |
  +--------------+--------------------+-------------+---------------+
  |  NameServer  |    Name Server     |     114     |       63      |
  +--------------+--------------------+-------------+---------------+
                 Table 11.  WHOIS Data for Nameservers
 Some registries have nameserver elements such like "nameserver 1",
 "nameserver 2" till "nameserver n".  Thus, there are more labels than
 of other data elements.

5.2.4. WHOIS Data for Registrars

 There are three data elements about registrar information.
 +-------------------+---------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |    Data Element   |  Most Popular Label |   No. of  |    No. of   |
 |                   |                     |    TLDs   |    Labels   |
 +-------------------+---------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |     Sponsoring    |      Registrar      |     84    |      6      |
 |     Registrar     |                     |           |             |
 +-------------------+---------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |     Created by    |      Created by     |     14    |      3      |
 |     Registrar     |                     |           |             |
 +-------------------+---------------------+-----------+-------------+
 |     Updated by    |   Last Updated by   |     11    |      3      |
 |     Registrar     |      Registrar      |           |             |
 +-------------------+---------------------+-----------+-------------+
                 Table 12.  WHOIS Data for Registrars
 67.7% of the registries have the "Sponsoring Registrar" data element.
 The elements "Created by Registrar" and "Updated by Registrar" are
 supported by 11.3% and 8.9% of the registries, respectively.

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 21] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

5.3. Other Objects

 So-called "other objects" are those data elements that are privately
 specified or are difficult to be classified.  There are 392 other
 objects altogether.  Table 13 lists the top 50 other objects found
 during data collection.
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |              Data Element              | No. of TLDs |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |               Registrant               |      41     |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                 Phone                  |      32     |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |           Technical contact            |      26     |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |         Administrative contact         |      15     |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                 source                 |      14     |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                 fax-no                 |      13     |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                nic-hdl                 |      13     |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |            Billing Contact             |      12     |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |              referral url              |      11     |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                 e-mail                 |      10     |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |              WHOIS server              |      9      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |             Admin Contact              |      9      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                  Type                  |      9      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                Website                 |      9      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                 zone-c                 |      8      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                remarks                 |      7      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |            Registration URL            |      6      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |               anonymous                |      6      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |              anniversary               |      6      |

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 22] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                  hold                  |      6      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                 nsl-id                 |      6      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |               obsoleted                |      6      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |        Customer Service Contact        |      5      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |         Customer Service Email         |      4      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |              Registrar ID              |      4      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                  org                   |      4      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                 person                 |      4      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |               Maintainer               |      4      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                 Nombre                 |      3      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |      Sponsoring Registrar IANA ID      |      3      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |            Trademark Number            |      3      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |           Trademark Country            |      3      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                 descr                  |      3      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                  url                   |      3      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |             Postal address             |      3      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |             Registrar URL              |      3      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |           International Name           |      3      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |         International Address          |      3      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |             Admin Contacts             |      2      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |          Contractual Language          |      2      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |       Date Trademark Registered        |      2      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |       Date Trademark Applied For       |      2      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |               IP Address               |      2      |

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 23] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                  Keys                  |      2      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |                Language                |      2      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |               NIC handle               |      2      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |          Record maintained by          |      2      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |     Registration Service Provider      |      2      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          |    Registration Service Provided By    |      2      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
          | Registrar URL (registration services)  |      2      |
          +----------------------------------------+-------------+
                  Table 13.  The Top 50 Other Objects
 Some registries returned things that looked like labels, but were
 not.  For example, in this reply:
       Registrant:
         Name:
         Email:
         ...
 "Name" and "Email" appeared to be data elements, but "Registrant" did
 not.  The inventory work proceeded on that assumption, i.e., there
 were two data elements to be recorded in this example.
 Some other data elements, like "Remarks", "anniversary", and
 "Customer service Contact", are designed particularly for their own
 purpose by different registries.

5.4. Conclusion

5.4.1. Preliminary Statistics

 Some preliminary conclusions could be drawn from the raw data.
 o  All of the 124 domain registries have the object names in their
    responses, although they are in various formats.
 o  Of the 118 WHOIS services contacted, 65 registries show their
    registrant contact.  About half of the registries (60 registries)
    support admin contact information.  There are 47 registries, which
    is about one third of the total number, that have technical and

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 24] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

    billing contact information.  Only seven of the 124 registries
    give their abuse email in a "remarks" section.  No explicit abuse
    contact information is provided.
 o  There are mainly two presentation formats.  One is key-value; the
    other is data block format.  Example of key-value format:
 Domain Information
 Query: nic.example.com
 Status: Delegated
 Created: 17 Apr 2004
 Modified: 14 Nov 2010
 Expires: 31 Dec 9999
 Name Servers: ns.example.net
 ns1.na.example.net
 ns2.na.example.net
 ...
    Example of data block format:
WHOIS database
domain nic.example.org
Domain Name nic.example.org
Registered 1998-09-02
Expiry 2012-09-02
Resource Records
a   198.51.100.1
mx 10 test.example.net
www a   198.51.100.10
Contact details
Registrant,
Technical Contact,
Billing Contact,
Admin. Contact AdamsNames Reserved Domains (i)
These domains are not available for registration
United Kingdom
Identifier: test123

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 25] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

Servidor WHOIS de NIC-Example
Este servidor contiene informacion autoritativa exclusivamente de
dominios nic.example.org Cualquier consulta sobre este servicio, puede
hacerla al correo electronico whois@nic.example.org
Titular:
John (nic.example.org) john@nic.example.org
NIC Example
Av. Veracruz con calle Cali, Edif Aguila, Urb. Las Mercedes
Caracas, Distrito Capital VE
0212-1234567 (FAX) +582123456789
 o  11 registries give local script responses.  The WHOIS information
    of other registries are all represented in English.

5.4.2. Data Element Analysis

 The top 10 data elements are listed in Table 14.
                   +----------------------+-------------+
                   |     Data Element     | No. of TLDs |
                   +----------------------+-------------+
                   |     Domain Name      |     118     |
                   +----------------------+-------------+
                   |     Name Server      |     114     |
                   +----------------------+-------------+
                   |    Creation Date     |     106     |
                   +----------------------+-------------+
                   |    Domain Status     |      95     |
                   +----------------------+-------------+
                   | Sponsoring Registrar |      84     |
                   +----------------------+-------------+
                   |   Expiration Date    |      81     |
                   +----------------------+-------------+
                   |     Updated Date     |      70     |
                   +----------------------+-------------+
                   |   Registrant Name    |      65     |
                   +----------------------+-------------+
                   |     Admin Street     |      64     |
                   +----------------------+-------------+
                   |      Admin Name      |      60     |
                   +----------------------+-------------+
                  Table 14.  The Top 10 Data Elements

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 26] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

 Most of the domain-related WHOIS information is included in the top
 10 data elements.  Other information like name server and registrar
 name is also supported by most registries.
 A cumulative distribution analysis of all the data elements was done.
 (1)  About 5% of the data elements discovered by the inventory work
      are supported by 111 registries (i.e., 90%).
 (2)  About 30% of the data elements discovered by the inventory work
      are supported by 44 registries (i.e., 35%).
 (3)  About 60% of the data elements discovered by the inventory work
      are supported by 32 registries (i.e., 26%).
 (4)  About 90% of the data elements discovered by the inventory work
      are supported by 14 registries (i.e., 11%).
 From the above result, it is clear that only a few registries support
 all the public objects, most of the registries support just some of
 the objects.

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 27] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

5.4.3. Label Analysis

 The top 10 labels of different data elements are listed in Table 15.
                    +-------------------+---------------+
                    |       Labels      | No. of Labels |
                    +-------------------+---------------+
                    |    Name Server    |       63      |
                    +-------------------+---------------+
                    |   Creation Date   |       24      |
                    +-------------------+---------------+
                    |  Expiration Date  |       21      |
                    +-------------------+---------------+
                    |    Updated Date   |       20      |
                    +-------------------+---------------+
                    |    Admin Street   |       19      |
                    +-------------------+---------------+
                    |      Tech ID      |       18      |
                    +-------------------+---------------+
                    | Registrant Street |       16      |
                    +-------------------+---------------+
                    |      Admin ID     |       16      |
                    +-------------------+---------------+
                    |    Tech Street    |       16      |
                    +-------------------+---------------+
                    |   Billing Street  |       13      |
                    +-------------------+---------------+
                     Table 15.  The Top 10 Labels
 As explained above, the "Name Server" label is a unique example
 because many registries define the name server elements from
 "nameserver 1" through "nameserver n".  Thus, the count of labels for
 name servers is much higher than other elements.  Data elements
 representing dates and street addresses were also common.
 A cumulative distribution analysis of label numbers was done.  About
 90% of data elements have more than two labels.  It is therefore
 necessary to specify a standard and unified format for object names
 in a WHOIS response.

5.4.4. Analysis of Other Objects

 The results indicate that there are 392 other data objects in total
 that are not easy to be classified or are privately defined by
 various registries.  The top 50 other objects are listed in Table 13
 in Section 5.3.  It is clear that various different objects are

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 28] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

 designed for some particular purpose.  In order to ensure uniqueness
 of JSON names used in the RDAP service, establishment of an IANA
 registry is advised.

5.5. Limitations

 This section lists the limitations of the survey and some assumptions
 that were made in the execution of this work.
 o  The input "nic.ccTLD" may not be a good choice, for the term "nic"
    is often specially used by the corresponding ccTLD, so the
    collected WHOIS data may be customized and different from the
    common data.
 o  Since the programming script queried the "nic.ccTLD" in an
    anonymous way, only the public WHOIS data from WHOIS servers
    having nic.ccTLD were collected.  So, the private WHOIS data were
    not covered by this document.
 o  11 registries did not provide responses in English.  The
    classification of data elements within their responses may not be
    accurate.
 o  The extension data elements are used randomly by different
    registries.  It is difficult to do statistical analysis.
 o  Sample sizes of contact, name server, and registrar queries are
    small.
  • Only WHOIS queries for contact ID, nameserver, and registrar

were used.

  • Some registries may not support contact, name server, or

registrar queries.

  • Some may not support query contact by ID.
  • Contact information of some registries may be protected.

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 29] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

6. Reference Extension Objects

 There are some objects that are included in the existing WHOIS system
 but not mentioned in [RFC7483].  This document is intended to give a
 list of reference extension objects for discussion.

6.1. RIR Reference Extension Objects

 o  company - the company name registered by the registrant.
 o  maintainer - authentication information that identifies who can
    modify the contents of this object.
 o  list of resources - a list of IPv4 addresses, IPv6 addresses, and
    Autonomous System numbers.
 o  referral NOC contact - the Network Operations Center contact.

6.2. DNR Reference Extension Objects

 The following objects are selected from the top 50 other objects in
 Section 5.3 that are supported by more than five registries.  These
 objects are considered as possible extension objects.
 o  zone-c - The identifier of a 'role' object with authority over a
    zone.
 o  maintainer - authentication information that identifies who can
    modify the contents of this object.
 o  Registration URL - typically the website address of a registry.
 o  anonymous - whether the registration information is anonymous or
    not.
 o  hold - whether the domain is "on hold" or not.
 o  nsl-id - nameserver list ID.
 o  obsoleted - whether a domain is obsoleted or not.
 o  Customer Service Contact - a kind of contact.

7. Security Considerations

 This document does not provide any security services or introduce
 additional considerations to those discussed in [RFC7481].

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 30] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

8. Informative References

 [ICANN.AGB-201206]
            ICANN, "gTLD Applicant Guidebook", June 2012,
            <http://newgtlds.icann.org/en/applicants/agb/
            guidebook-full-04jun12-en.pdf>.
 [RFC2622]  Alaettinoglu, C., Villamizar, C., Gerich, E., Kessens, D.,
            Meyer, D., Bates, T., Karrenberg, D., and M. Terpstra,
            "Routing Policy Specification Language (RPSL)", RFC 2622,
            June 1999, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2622>.
 [RFC3912]  Daigle, L., "WHOIS Protocol Specification", RFC 3912,
            September 2004, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3912>.
 [RFC5730]  Hollenbeck, S., "Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)",
            STD 69, RFC 5730, August 2009,
            <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5730>.
 [RFC5731]  Hollenbeck, S., "Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)
            Domain Name Mapping", STD 69, RFC 5731, August 2009,
            <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5731>.
 [RFC5732]  Hollenbeck, S., "Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)
            Host Mapping", STD 69, RFC 5732, August 2009,
            <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5732>.
 [RFC5733]  Hollenbeck, S., "Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)
            Contact Mapping", STD 69, RFC 5733, August 2009,
            <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5733>.
 [RFC5890]  Klensin, J., "Internationalized Domain Names for
            Applications (IDNA): Definitions and Document Framework",
            RFC 5890, August 2010,
            <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5890>.
 [RFC7480]  Newton, A., Ellacott, B., and N. Kong, "HTTP Usage in the
            Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP)", RFC 7480, March
            2015, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7480>.
 [RFC7481]  Hollenbeck, S. and N. Kong, "Security Services for the
            Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP)", RFC 7481, March
            2015, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7481>.
 [RFC7482]  Newton, A. and S. Hollenbeck, "Registration Data Access
            Protocol (RDAP) Query Format", RFC 7482, March 2015,
            <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7482>.

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 31] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

 [RFC7483]  Newton, A. and S. Hollenbeck, "JSON Responses for the
            Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP)", RFC 7483, March
            2015, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7483>.
 [RFC7484]  Blanchet, M., "Finding the Authoritative Registration Data
            (RDAP) Service", RFC 7484, March 2015,
            <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7484>.

Acknowledgements

 This document is the work product of the IETF's WEIRDS working group,
 of which Olaf Kolkman and Murray Kucherawy were chairs.
 The authors especially thank the following individuals who gave their
 suggestions and contributions to this document: Guangqing Deng,
 Frederico A C Neves, Ray Bellis, Edward Shryane, Kaveh Ranjbar,
 Murray Kucherawy, Edward Lewis, Pete Resnick, Juergen Schoenwaelder,
 Ben Campbell, and Claudio Allocchio.

Authors' Addresses

 Linlin Zhou
 CNNIC
 4 South 4th Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District
 Beijing  100190
 China
 Phone: +86 10 5881 2677
 EMail: zhoulinlin@cnnic.cn
 Ning Kong
 CNNIC
 4 South 4th Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District
 Beijing  100190
 China
 Phone: +86 10 5881 3147
 EMail: nkong@cnnic.cn

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 32] RFC 7485 Inventory of WHOIS Reg. Objects March 2015

 Sean Shen
 CNNIC
 4 South 4th Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District
 Beijing  100190
 China
 Phone: +86 10 5881 3038
 EMail: shenshuo@cnnic.cn
 Steve Sheng
 ICANN
 12025 Waterfront Drive, Suite 300
 Los Angeles, CA  90094-2536
 United States
 Phone: +1 310 301 5800
 EMail: steve.sheng@icann.org
 Arturo Servin
 LACNIC
 Rambla Mexico 6125
 Montevideo  11400
 Uruguay
 Phone: +598-2604-2222
 EMail: arturo.servin@gmail.com

Zhou, et al. Informational [Page 33]

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