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rfc:rfc6207

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) R. Denenberg, Ed. Request for Comments: 6207 Library of Congress Category: Informational April 2011 ISSN: 2070-1721

    The Media Types application/mods+xml, application/mads+xml,

application/mets+xml, application/marcxml+xml, and application/sru+xml

Abstract

 This document specifies media types for the following formats: MODS
 (Metadata Object Description Schema), MADS (Metadata Authority
 Description Schema), METS (Metadata Encoding and Transmission
 Standard), MARCXML (MARC21 XML Schema), and the SRU (Search/Retrieve
 via URL Response Format) protocol response XML schema.  These are all
 XML schemas providing representations of various forms of information
 including metadata and search results.

Status of This Memo

 This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is
 published for informational purposes.
 This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
 (IETF).  It represents the consensus of the IETF community.  It has
 received public review and has been approved for publication by the
 Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG).  Not all documents
 approved by the IESG are a candidate for any level of Internet
 Standard; see Section 2 of RFC 5741.
 Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
 and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
 http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6207.

Denenberg Informational [Page 1] RFC 6207 Library of Congress Media Types April 2011

Copyright Notice

 Copyright (c) 2011 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
 document authors.  All rights reserved.
 This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
 Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
 (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
 publication of this document.  Please review these documents
 carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
 to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
 include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
 the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
 described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

 1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
 2.  Registration for mods+xml  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
 3.  Registration for mads+xml  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
 4.  Registration for mets+xml  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
 5.  Registration for marcxml+xml . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
 6.  Registration for sru+xml . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
 7.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
 8.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
   8.1.  Harmful Content  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
   8.2.  Authenticity and Confidentiality . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
 9.  References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   9.1.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   9.2.  Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Denenberg Informational [Page 2] RFC 6207 Library of Congress Media Types April 2011

1. Introduction

 The Library of Congress, on behalf of and in collaboration with
 various components of the metadata and information retrieval
 community, has issued specifications that define formats for
 representation of various forms of information including metadata and
 search results.  This memo provides information about the media types
 associated with several of these formats, all of which are XML
 schemas.
 MODS: Metadata Object Description Schema.  An XML schema for a
    bibliographic element set that may be used for a variety of
    purposes, and particularly for library applications.
 MADS: Metadata Authority Description Schema.  An XML schema for an
    authority element set used to provide metadata about agents
    (people, organizations), events, and terms (topics, geographics,
    genres, etc.).  It is a companion to MODS.
 METS: Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard.  An XML schema for
    encoding descriptive, administrative, and structural metadata
    regarding objects within a digital library.
 MARCXML: MARC21 XML Schema.  An XML schema for the direct XML
    representation of the MARC format (for which there already exists
    a media type, application/marc; see [RFC2220]).  By "direct XML
    representation", we mean that it encodes the actual MARC data
    within XML.  (This is in contrast to MODS: MARC uses codes for its
    element names; MODS represents the same information but uses
    semantically meaningful names while MARCXML uses the MARC codes.)
 SRU: Search/Retrieve via URL Response Format.  An XML schema for the
    SRU response.  SRU is a protocol, and the media type sru+xml
    pertains specifically to the default SRU response.  The SRU
    response may be supplied in any of a number of suitable schemas,
    RSS, ATOM, for example, and the client identifies the desired
    format in the request, hence the need for a media type.  This
    mechanism will be introduced in SRU 2.0; in previous versions
    (that is, all versions to date; 2.0 is in development), all
    responses are supplied in the existing default format, so no media
    type was necessary.  SRU 2.0 is being developed within the
    Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information
    Standards (OASIS).

Denenberg Informational [Page 3] RFC 6207 Library of Congress Media Types April 2011

2. Registration for mods+xml

 MIME media type name: application
 MIME subtype name: mods+xml
 Required parameters: None
 Optional parameters: (charset)  This parameter has semantics
    identical to the charset parameter of the "application/xml" media
    type as specified in [RFC3023].
 Encoding considerations:  Identical to those of "application/xml" as
    described in [RFC3023].
 Security considerations:  See Section 8 of RFC 6207.
 Interoperability considerations:  There are no known interoperability
    issues.
 Published specification:  [MODS-SCHEMA], [MODS].
 Applications which use this media type:  Various MODS-conformant
    toolkits use this media type.
 Additional information:
 Magic number(s): None
 File extension(s): .mods
 Macintosh file type code(s): TEXT
 Person and email address to contact for further information:
    Ray Denenberg <rden@loc.gov>
 Intended usage: COMMON
 Restrictions on usage: None
 Author/Change controller:  The MODS specification was developed by
    the Library of Congress and is maintained by the Library of
    Congress in conjunction with the MODS Editorial Committee, which
    has change control over the specification.

Denenberg Informational [Page 4] RFC 6207 Library of Congress Media Types April 2011

3. Registration for mads+xml

 MIME media type name: application
 MIME subtype name: mads+xml
 Required parameters: None
 Optional parameters: (charset)  This parameter has semantics
    identical to the charset parameter of the "application/xml" media
    type as specified in [RFC3023].
 Encoding considerations:  Identical to those of "application/xml" as
    described in [RFC3023].
 Security considerations:  See Section 8 of RFC 6207.
 Interoperability considerations:  There are no known interoperability
    issues.
 Published specification:  [MADS-SCHEMA], [MADS].
 Applications which use this media type:  Various MADS conformant
    toolkits use this media type.
 Additional information:
 Magic number(s): None
 File extension(s): .mads
 Macintosh file type code(s): TEXT
 Person and email address to contact for further information:
    Ray Denenberg <rden@loc.gov>
 Intended usage: COMMON
 Restrictions on usage: None
 Author/Change controller:  The MADS specification was developed by
    the Library of Congress and is maintained by the Library of
    Congress in conjunction with the MODS Editorial Committee, which
    has change control over the specification.

Denenberg Informational [Page 5] RFC 6207 Library of Congress Media Types April 2011

4. Registration for mets+xml

 MIME media type name: application
 MIME subtype name: mets+xml
 Required parameters: None
 Optional parameters: (charset)  This parameter has semantics
    identical to the charset parameter of the "application/xml" media
    type as specified in [RFC3023].
 Encoding considerations:  Identical to those of "application/xml" as
    described in [RFC3023].
 Security considerations:  See Section 8 of RFC 6207.
 Interoperability considerations:  There are no known interoperability
    issues.
 Published specification:  [METS-SCHEMA], [METS].
 Applications which use this media type:  Various METS conformant
    toolkits use this media type.
 Additional information:
 Magic number(s): None
 File extension(s): .mets
 Macintosh file type code(s): TEXT
 Person and email address to contact for further information:
    Ray Denenberg <rden@loc.gov>
 Intended usage: COMMON
 Restrictions on usage: None
 Author/Change controller:  The METS specification was developed by
    the Library of Congress and is maintained by the Library of
    Congress in conjunction with the METS Editorial Board as an
    initiative of the Digital Library Federation.

Denenberg Informational [Page 6] RFC 6207 Library of Congress Media Types April 2011

5. Registration for marcxml+xml

 MIME media type name: application
 MIME subtype name: marcxml+xml
 Required parameters: None
 Optional parameters: (charset)  This parameter has semantics
    identical to the charset parameter of the "application/xml" media
    type as specified in [RFC3023].
 Encoding considerations:  Identical to those of "application/xml" as
    described in [RFC3023].
 Security considerations:  See Section 8 of RFC 6207.
 Interoperability considerations:  There are no known interoperability
    issues.
 Published specification:  [MARCXML-SCHEMA], [MARCXML].
 Applications which use this media type:  Various MARCXML conformant
    toolkits use this media type.
 Additional information:
 Magic number(s): None
 File extension(s): .mrcx
 Macintosh file type code(s): TEXT
 Person and email address to contact for further information:
    Ray Denenberg <rden@loc.gov>
 Intended usage: COMMON
 Restrictions on usage: None
 Author/Change controller:  The MARCXML standard is driven by the MARC
    standards, maintained at the Library of Congress.

Denenberg Informational [Page 7] RFC 6207 Library of Congress Media Types April 2011

6. Registration for sru+xml

 MIME media type name: application
 MIME subtype name: sru+xml
 Required parameters: None
 Optional parameters: (charset)  This parameter has semantics
    identical to the charset parameter of the "application/xml" media
    type as specified in [RFC3023].
 Encoding considerations:  Identical to those of "application/xml" as
    described in [RFC3023].
 Security considerations:  See Section 8 of RFC 6207.
 Interoperability considerations:  There are no known interoperability
    issues.
 Published specification:  [SRU-SCHEMA], [SRU].
 Applications which use this media type:  Various SRU conformant
    toolkits use this media type.
 Additional information:
 Magic number(s): None
 File extension(s): .sru
 Macintosh file type code(s): TEXT
 Person and email address to contact for further information:
    Ray Denenberg <rden@loc.gov>
 Intended usage: COMMON
 Restrictions on usage: None
 Author/Change controller:  The SRU specification for versions earlier
    than 2.0 is maintained at the Library of Congress, in conjunction
    with the SRU Editorial Board.  Version 2.0 (for which the sru+xml
    media type pertains) is being developed within OASIS.

Denenberg Informational [Page 8] RFC 6207 Library of Congress Media Types April 2011

7. IANA Considerations

 IANA has registered the five media types described in Sections 2, 3,
 4, 5, and 6 in the MIME media type registry (in the Standards Tree).

8. Security Considerations

 An XML resource does not in itself compromise data security.
 Applications that retrieve XML files over a network by means of
 dereferencing a Uniform Resource Identifier [RFC3986] are advised to
 properly interpret the data so as to prevent unintended access.
 Hence, the security issues described in Section 7 of [RFC3986] apply.
 Because the media types described in this document use the "+xml"
 convention, they share the security considerations described in
 Section 10 of [RFC3023].
 In general, security issues related to the use of XML in IETF
 protocols are discussed in Section 7 of [RFC3470] also apply.  In the
 following sections, we review some aspects that are important for
 document-centric XML as applied to text encoding.

8.1. Harmful Content

 Any application that retrieves the XML media types described in this
 specification needs to be aware of risks connected with injection of
 harmful scripts and executable XML (i.e., "active content" as
 described in [RFC4288]).  Although XML inclusion mechanisms and the
 use of external entities can introduce vulnerabilities to various
 forms of spoofing and also reveal aspects of a service in a way that
 may compromise its security, such vulnerabilities are application
 specific.  In any case, MODS documents do not contain "active
 content".

8.2. Authenticity and Confidentiality

 Historical and bibliographical information can often be encoded in
 MODS documents, and such information might even have legal force in
 some jurisdictions.  Digitization and encoding of such information
 might require technologies for assuring authenticity, such as
 cryptographic check sums and electronic signatures.  Similarly,
 historical documents might in part or in their entirety be
 confidential.  Such confidentiality might be required by law or by
 the terms and conditions such as in the case of donated or deposited
 text from private sources.  A text archive might need content
 filtering or cryptographic technologies to meet such requirements.

Denenberg Informational [Page 9] RFC 6207 Library of Congress Media Types April 2011

9. References

9.1. Normative References

 [RFC3023]         Murata, M., St. Laurent, S., and D. Kohn, "XML
                   Media Types", RFC 3023, January 2001.
 [RFC3470]         Hollenbeck, S., Rose, M., and L. Masinter,
                   "Guidelines for the Use of Extensible Markup
                   Language (XML) within IETF Protocols", BCP 70,
                   RFC 3470, January 2003.
 [RFC3986]         Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R., and L. Masinter,
                   "Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic
                   Syntax", STD 66, RFC 3986, January 2005.
 [MADS-SCHEMA]     Denenberg, R., "MADS Schema",
                   <http://www.loc.gov/standards/mads/mads.xsd>.
 [MADS]            Denenberg, R., "Metadata Authority Description
                   Schema", <http://www.loc.gov/standards/mads/>.
 [MARCXML-SCHEMA]  Trail, N., "MARCXML Schema", <http://www.loc.gov/
                   standards/marcxml/schema/MARC21slim.xsd>.
 [MARCXML]         Trail, N., "MARCXML MARC21 XML Schema",
                   <http://www.loc.gov/standards/marcxml/>.
 [METS-SCHEMA]     Redding, C., "METS Schema",
                   <http://www.loc.gov/standards/mets/mets.xsd>.
 [METS]            Redding, C., "Metadata Encoding and Transmission
                   Standard", <http://www.loc.gov/standards/mets/>.
 [MODS-SCHEMA]     Denenberg, R., "MODS Schema",
                   <http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/mods.xsd>.
 [MODS]            Denenberg, R., "Metadata Object Description
                   Schema", <http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/>.
 [SRU-SCHEMA]      Denenberg, R., "SRU Schema", <http://www.loc.gov/
                   standards/sru/oasis/schemas/sruResponse.xsd>.
 [SRU]             Denenberg, R., "Search/Retrieve via URL Response
                   Format", <http://www.loc.gov/standards/sru/>.

Denenberg Informational [Page 10] RFC 6207 Library of Congress Media Types April 2011

9.2. Informative References

 [RFC2220]         Guenther, R., "The Application/MARC Content-type",
                   RFC 2220, October 1997.
 [RFC4288]         Freed, N. and J. Klensin, "Media Type
                   Specifications and Registration Procedures",
                   BCP 13, RFC 4288, December 2005.

Author's Address

 Ray Denenberg (editor)
 Library of Congress
 101 Independence Ave, SE
 Washington, DC  20540
 USA
 Phone: (202) 707-5795
 EMail: rden@loc.gov

Denenberg Informational [Page 11]

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