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rfc:rfc6065

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) K. Narayan Request for Comments: 6065 Cisco Systems, Inc. Category: Standards Track D. Nelson ISSN: 2070-1721 Elbrys Networks, Inc.

                                                       R. Presuhn, Ed.
                                                         December 2010
    Using Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting Services
      to Dynamically Provision View-Based Access Control Model
                       User-to-Group Mappings

Abstract

 This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB)
 for use with network management protocols.  It describes the use of
 information provided by Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting
 (AAA) services, such as the Remote Authentication Dial-In User
 Service (RADIUS), to dynamically update user-to-group mappings in the
 View-based Access Control Model (VACM).

Status of This Memo

 This is an Internet Standards Track document.
 This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
 (IETF).  It represents the consensus of the IETF community.  It has
 received public review and has been approved for publication by the
 Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG).  Further information on
 Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 5741.
 Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
 and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
 http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6065.

Copyright Notice

 Copyright (c) 2010 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
 document authors.  All rights reserved.
 This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
 Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
 (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
 publication of this document.  Please review these documents
 carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
 to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 1] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

 include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
 the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
 described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

 1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
 2.  The Internet-Standard Management Framework . . . . . . . . . .  3
 3.  Conventions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
 4.  Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   4.1.  Using AAA services with SNMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   4.2.  Applicability  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
 5.  Structure of the MIB Module  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   5.1.  Textual Conventions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   5.2.  The Table Structure  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
 6.  Relationship to Other MIB Modules  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   6.1.  Relationship to the VACM MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   6.2.  MIB modules Required for IMPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   6.3.  Documents Required for REFERENCE Clauses . . . . . . . . .  6
 7.  Elements of Procedure  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   7.1.  Sequencing Requirements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   7.2.  Actions upon Session Establishment Indication  . . . . . .  7
     7.2.1.  Required Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
     7.2.2.  Creation of Entries in vacmAaaSecurityToGroupTable . .  8
     7.2.3.  Creation of Entries in vacmSecurityToGroupTable  . . .  8
     7.2.4.  Update of vacmGroupName  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
   7.3.  Actions upon Session Termination Indication  . . . . . . .  9
     7.3.1.  Deletion of Entries from
             vacmAaaSecurityToGroupTable  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
     7.3.2.  Deletion of Entries from vacmSecurityToGroupTable  . . 10
 8.  Definitions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
 9.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
   9.1.  Principal Identity Naming  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
   9.2.  Management Information Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . 15
 10. IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
 11. Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
 12. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
   12.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
   12.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 2] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

1. Introduction

 This memo specifies a way to dynamically provision selected View-
 based Access Control Model (VACM) [RFC3415] Management Information
 Base (MIB) objects, based on information received from an
 Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) service, such as
 RADIUS [RFC2865] and [RFC5607].  It reduces the need for security
 administrators to manually update VACM configurations due to user
 churn, allowing a centralized AAA service to provide the information
 associating a given user with the access control policy (known as a
 "group" in VACM) governing that user's access to management
 information.
 This memo requires no changes to the Abstract Service Interface for
 the Access Control Subsystem, and requires no changes to the Elements
 of Procedure for VACM.  It provides a MIB module that reflects the
 information provided by the AAA service, along with elements of
 procedure for maintaining that information and performing
 corresponding updates to VACM MIB data.
 The reader is expected to be familiar with [RFC3415], [RFC5607],
 [RFC5608], and their supporting specifications.

2. The Internet-Standard Management Framework

 For a detailed overview of the documents that describe the current
 Internet-Standard Management Framework, please refer to section 7 of
 RFC 3410 [RFC3410].
 Managed objects are accessed via a virtual information store, termed
 the Management Information Base or MIB.  MIB objects are generally
 accessed through the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
 Objects in the MIB are defined using the mechanisms defined in the
 Structure of Management Information (SMI).  This memo specifies a MIB
 module that is compliant to the SMIv2, which is described in STD 58,
 RFC 2578 [RFC2578], STD 58, RFC 2579 [RFC2579] and STD 58, RFC 2580
 [RFC2580].

3. Conventions

 The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
 "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
 "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC
 2119 [RFC2119].

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 3] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

4. Overview

4.1. Using AAA services with SNMP

 There are two use cases for AAA support of management access via
 SNMP.  These are (a) service authorization and (b) access control
 authorization.  The former is discussed in detail in [RFC5608].  The
 latter is the subject of this memo.
 The use case assumption here is that roles within an organization
 (which are represented in VACM as groups, which in turn name access
 control policies) change infrequently, while the users assigned to
 those roles change much more frequently.  This memo describes how the
 user-to-role (group) mapping can be delegated to the RADIUS server,
 avoiding the need to re-provision managed devices as users are added,
 deleted, or assigned new roles in an organization.
 This memo assumes that the detailed access control policies are pre-
 configured in VACM, and does not attempt to address the question of
 how the policy associated with a given role is put in place.
 The only additional information obtained from the AAA service is the
 mapping of the authenticated user's identifier to a specific role (or
 "group" in VACM terminology) in the access control policy.  Dynamic
 user authorization for MIB database access control, as defined
 herein, is limited to mapping the authenticated user to a group,
 which in turn is mapped to whatever access control policies are
 already in place in VACM.
 The SNMP architecture [RFC3411] maintains strong modularity and
 separation of concerns, separating user identity (authentication)
 from user database access rights (authorization).  RADIUS, on the
 other hand, allows for no such separation of authorization from
 authentication.  Consequently, the approach here is to leverage
 existing RADIUS usage for identifying a principal, documented in
 [RFC5608], along with the RADIUS Management-Policy-Id Attribute
 [RFC5607].
 A unique identifier is needed for each AAA-authorized "session",
 corresponding to a communication channel, such as a transport
 session, for which a principal has been AAA-authenticated and which
 is authorized to offer SNMP service.  How these identifiers are
 assigned is implementation dependent.  When a RADIUS Management-
 Policy-Id Attribute (or equivalent) is bound to such a session and
 principal authentication, this binding provides sufficient
 information to compute dynamic updates to VACM.  How this information
 is communicated within an implementation is implementation dependent;
 this memo is only concerned with externally observable behavior.

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 4] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

 The key concept here is that what we will informally call a "AAA
 binding" binds:
 1.  a communications channel
 2.  an authenticated principal
 3.  service authorization
 4.  an access control policy name
 Some of the binding is done via other specifications.  A transport
 model, such as the Secure Shell Transport Model [RFC5592], provides a
 binding between 1 and 2 and 3, providing a securityName.  In turn,
 [RFC5607] provides a binding between (1+2+3) and 4.  This document
 extends that further, to create a binding between (1+2+3+4) and the
 local (VACM MIB) definition of the named policy, called a group in
 VACM.

4.2. Applicability

 Though this memo was motivated to support the use of specific
 Transport Models, such as the Secure Shell Transport Model [RFC5592],
 it MAY be used with other implementation environments satisfying
 these requirements:
 o  use an AAA service for sign-on service and data access
    authorization;
 o  provide an indication of the start of a session for a particular
    authenticated principal in a particular role, based on information
    provided by the AAA service.  The principal will be identified
    using an SNMP securityName [RFC3411].  The role will be identified
    by the name of the corresponding VACM group.
 o  provide an indication of the end of the need for being able to
    make access decisions for a particular authenticated principal, as
    at the end of a session, whether due to disconnection, termination
    due to timeout, or any other reason.
 Likewise, although this memo specifically refers to RADIUS, it MAY be
 used with other AAA services satisfying these requirements:
 o  the service provides information semantically equivalent to the
    RADIUS Management-Policy-Id Attribute [RFC5607], which corresponds
    to the name of a VACM group;

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 5] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

 o  the service provides an authenticated principal identifier (e.g.,
    the RADIUS User-Name Attribute [RFC2865]) that can be transformed
    to an equivalent principal identifier in the form of a
    securityName [RFC3411].

5. Structure of the MIB Module

5.1. Textual Conventions

 This MIB module makes use of the SnmpAdminString [RFC3411] and
 SnmpSecurityModel [RFC3411] textual conventions.

5.2. The Table Structure

 This MIB module defines a single table, the
 vacmAaaSecurityToGroupTable.  This table is indexed by the integer
 assigned to each security model, the protocol-independent
 securityName corresponding to a principal, and the unique identifier
 of a session.

6. Relationship to Other MIB Modules

 This MIB module has a close operational relationship with the SNMP-
 VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB (more commonly known as the "VACM MIB") from
 [RFC3415].  It also relies on IMPORTS from several other modules.

6.1. Relationship to the VACM MIB

 Although the MIB module defined here has a close relationship with
 the VACM MIB's vacmSecurityToGroupTable, it in no way changes the
 elements of procedure for VACM, nor does it affect any other tables
 defined in VACM.  See the elements of procedure (below) for details
 of how the contents of the vacmSecurityToGroupTable are affected by
 this MIB module.

6.2. MIB modules Required for IMPORTS

 This MIB module employs definitions from [RFC2578], [RFC2579], and
 [RFC3411].

6.3. Documents Required for REFERENCE Clauses

 This MIB module contains REFERENCE clauses making reference to
 [RFC2865], [RFC3411], and [RFC5590].

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 6] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

7. Elements of Procedure

 The following elements of procedure are formulated in terms of two
 types of events: an indication of the establishment of a session, and
 an indication that one has ended.  These can result in the creation
 of entries in the vacmAaaSecurityToGroupTable, which can in turn
 trigger creation, update, or deletion of entries in the
 vacmSecurityToGroupTable.
 There are various possible implementation-dependent error cases not
 spelled out here, such as running out of memory.  By their nature,
 recovery in such cases will be implementation dependent.
 Implementors are advised to consider fail-safe strategies, e.g.,
 prematurely terminating access in preference to erroneously
 perpetuating access.

7.1. Sequencing Requirements

 These procedures assume that a transport model, such as [RFC5592],
 coordinates session establishment with AAA authentication and
 authorization.  They rely on the receipt by the AAA client of the
 RADIUS Management-Policy-Id [RFC5607] Attribute (or its equivalent)
 from the RADIUS Access-Accept message (or equivalent).  They also
 assume that the User-Name [RFC2865] from the RADIUS Access-Request
 message (or equivalent) corresponds to a securityName [RFC3411].
 To ensure correct processing of SNMP PDUs, the handling of the
 indication of the establishment of a session in accordance with the
 elements of procedure below MUST be completed before the
 isAccessAllowed() Abstract Service Interface [RFC3415] is invoked for
 any SNMP PDUs from that session.
 If a session termination indication occurs before all invocations of
 the isAccessAllowed() Abstract Service Interface [RFC3415] have
 completed for all SNMP PDUs from that session, those remaining
 invocations MAY result in denial of access.

7.2. Actions upon Session Establishment Indication

7.2.1. Required Information

 Four pieces of information are needed to process the session
 establishment indication:
 o  the SnmpSecurityModel [RFC3411] needed as an index into the
    vacmSecurityToGroupTable;
 o  the RADIUS User-Name Attribute;

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 7] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

 o  a session identifier, as a unique, definitive identifier of the
    session that the AAA authorization is tied to;
 o  the RADIUS Management-Policy-Id Attribute.
 All four of these pieces of information are REQUIRED.  In particular,
 if either the User-Name or Management-Policy-Id is absent, invalid,
 or a zero-length string, no further processing of the session
 establishment indication is undertaken.
 As noted in Section 4.2, the above text refers specifically to RADIUS
 attributes.  Other AAA services can be substituted, but the
 requirements imposed on the User-Name and the Management-Policy-Id-
 Attribute MUST be satisfied using the equivalent fields for those
 services.

7.2.2. Creation of Entries in vacmAaaSecurityToGroupTable

 Whenever an indication arrives that a new session has been
 established, determine whether a corresponding entry exists in the
 vacmAaaSecurityToGroupTable.  If one does not, create a new row with
 the columns populated as follows:
 o  vacmAaaSecurityModel = value of SnmpSecurityModel corresponding to
    the security model in use;
 o  vacmAaaSecurityName = RADIUS User-Name Attribute or equivalent,
    the securityName that will be used in invocations of the
    isAccessAllowed() Abstract Service Interface [RFC3415];
 o  vacmAaaSessionID = session identifier, unique across all open
    sessions of all of this SNMP engine's transport models;
 o  vacmAaaGroupName = RADIUS Management-Policy-Id Attribute or
    equivalent.
 Otherwise, if the row already exists, update the vacmAaaGroupName
 with the RADIUS Management-Policy-Id Attribute or equivalent
 supplied.

7.2.3. Creation of Entries in vacmSecurityToGroupTable

 Whenever an entry is created in the vacmAaaSecurityToGroupTable, the
 vacmSecurityToGroupTable is examined to determine whether a
 corresponding entry exists there, using the value of
 vacmAaaSecurityModel for vacmSecurityModel, and the value of
 vacmAaaSecurityName for vacmSecurityName.  If no corresponding entry
 exists, create one using the vacmAaaGroupName of the newly created

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 8] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

 entry to fill in vacmGroupName, using a value of "volatile" for the
 row's StorageType, and a value of "active" for its RowStatus.

7.2.4. Update of vacmGroupName

 Whenever the value of an instance of vacmAaaGroupName is updated, if
 a corresponding entry exists in the vacmSecurityToGroupTable, and
 that entry's StorageType is "volatile" and its RowStatus is "active",
 update the value of vacmGroupName with the value from
 vacmAaaGroupName.
 If a corresponding entry already exists in the
 vacmSecurityToGroupTable, and that row's StorageType is anything
 other than "volatile", or its RowStatus is anything other than
 "active", then that instance of vacmGroupName MUST NOT be modified.
 The operational assumption here is that if the row's StorageType is
 "volatile", then this entry was probably dynamically created; an
 entry created by a security administrator would not normally be given
 a StorageType of "volatile".  If the value being provided by RADIUS
 (or another AAA service) is the same as what is already there, this
 is a no-op.  If the value is different, the new information is
 understood as a more recent role (group) assignment for the user,
 which should supersede the one currently held there.  The structure
 of the vacmSecurityToGroupTable makes it impossible for a
 (vacmSecurityModel, vacmSecurityName) tuple to map to more than one
 group.

7.3. Actions upon Session Termination Indication

 Whenever a RADIUS (or other AAA) authenticated session ends for any
 reason, an indication is provided.  This indication MUST provide
 means of determining the SnmpSecurityModel, and an identifier for the
 transport session tied to the AAA authorization.  The manner in which
 this occurs is implementation dependent.

7.3.1. Deletion of Entries from vacmAaaSecurityToGroupTable

 Entries in the vacmAaaSecurityToGroupTable MUST NOT persist across
 system reboots.
 When a session has been terminated, the vacmAaaSecurityToGroupTable
 is searched for a corresponding entry.  A "matching" entry is any
 entry for which the SnmpSecurityModel and session ID match the
 information associated with the session termination indication.  Any
 matching entries are deleted.  It is possible that no entries will
 match; this is not an error, and no special processing is required in
 this case.

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 9] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

7.3.2. Deletion of Entries from vacmSecurityToGroupTable

 Whenever the last remaining row bearing a particular
 (vacmAaaSecurityModel, vacmAaaSecurityName) pair is deleted from the
 vacmAaaSecurityToGroupTable, the vacmSecurityToGroupTable is examined
 for a corresponding row.  If one exists, and if its StorageType is
 "volatile" and its RowStatus is "active", that row MUST be deleted as
 well.  The mechanism to accomplish this task is implementation
 dependent.

8. Definitions

SNMP-VACM-AAA-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN

IMPORTS

  MODULE-COMPLIANCE, OBJECT-GROUP       FROM SNMPv2-CONF
  MODULE-IDENTITY, OBJECT-TYPE,
  mib-2,
  Unsigned32                            FROM SNMPv2-SMI
  SnmpAdminString,
  SnmpSecurityModel                     FROM SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB;

vacmAaaMIB MODULE-IDENTITY

  LAST-UPDATED "201012090000Z"          -- 9 December 2010
  ORGANIZATION "ISMS Working Group"
  CONTACT-INFO "WG-email:   isms@ietf.org"
  DESCRIPTION  "The management and local datastore information
                definitions for the AAA-Enabled View-based Access
                Control Model for SNMP.
                Copyright (c) 2010 IETF Trust and the persons
                identified as the document authors.  All rights
                reserved.
                Redistribution and use in source and binary forms,
                with or without modification, is permitted pursuant
                to, and subject to the license terms contained in,
                the Simplified BSD License set forth in Section
                4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating
                to IETF Documents
                (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
                This version of this MIB module is part of RFC 6065;
                see the RFC itself for full legal notices."
  REVISION "201012090000Z"
  DESCRIPTION "Initial version, published as RFC 6065."

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 10] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

   ::= { mib-2 199 }

vacmAaaMIBObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { vacmAaaMIB 1 }

vacmAaaMIBConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { vacmAaaMIB 2 }

vacmAaaSecurityToGroupTable OBJECT-TYPE

  SYNTAX       SEQUENCE OF VacmAaaSecurityToGroupEntry
  MAX-ACCESS   not-accessible
  STATUS       current
  DESCRIPTION "This table provides a listing of all currently active
               sessions for which a mapping of the combination of
               SnmpSecurityModel and securityName into the name of
               a VACM group has been provided by an AAA service.
               The group name (in VACM) in turn identifies an access
               control policy to be used for the corresponding
               principals."
  REFERENCE   "RFC 3411, Section 3.2.2, defines securityName."
  ::= { vacmAaaMIBObjects 1 }

vacmAaaSecurityToGroupEntry OBJECT-TYPE

  SYNTAX       VacmAaaSecurityToGroupEntry
  MAX-ACCESS   not-accessible
  STATUS       current
  DESCRIPTION "An entry in this table maps the combination of a
               SnmpSecurityModel and securityName into the name
               of a VACM group defining the access control policy
               that is to govern a particular session.
               Each entry corresponds to a session.
               Entries do not persist across reboots.
               An entry is created whenever an indication occurs
               that a new session has been established that would
               not have the same index values as an existing entry.
               When a session is torn down, disconnected, timed out
               (e.g., following the RADIUS Session-Timeout Attribute),
               or otherwise terminated for any reason, the
               corresponding vacmAaaSecurityToGroupEntry is deleted."
  REFERENCE   "RFC 3411, Section 3.2.2, defines securityName."
  INDEX       {
                vacmAaaSecurityModel,
                vacmAaaSecurityName,
                vacmAaaSessionID
              }
  ::= { vacmAaaSecurityToGroupTable 1 }

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 11] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

VacmAaaSecurityToGroupEntry ::= SEQUENCE

  {
      vacmAaaSecurityModel            SnmpSecurityModel,
      vacmAaaSecurityName             SnmpAdminString,
      vacmAaaSessionID                Unsigned32,
      vacmAaaGroupName                SnmpAdminString
  }

vacmAaaSecurityModel OBJECT-TYPE

  SYNTAX       SnmpSecurityModel(1..2147483647)
  MAX-ACCESS   not-accessible
  STATUS       current
  DESCRIPTION "The security model associated with the AAA binding
               represented by this entry.
               This object cannot take the 'any' (0) value."
  ::= { vacmAaaSecurityToGroupEntry 1 }

vacmAaaSecurityName OBJECT-TYPE

  SYNTAX       SnmpAdminString (SIZE(1..32))
  MAX-ACCESS   not-accessible
  STATUS       current
  DESCRIPTION "The securityName of the principal associated with the
               AAA binding represented by this entry.  In RADIUS
               environments, this corresponds to the User-Name
               Attribute."
  REFERENCE   "RFC 3411, Section 3.2.2, defines securityName, and
               RFC 2865, Section 5.1, defines User-Name."
  ::= { vacmAaaSecurityToGroupEntry 2 }

vacmAaaSessionID OBJECT-TYPE

  SYNTAX       Unsigned32
  MAX-ACCESS   not-accessible
  STATUS       current
  DESCRIPTION "An implementation-dependent identifier of the session.
               This value MUST be unique among all currently open
               sessions of all of this SNMP engine's transport models.
               The value has no particular significance other than to
               distinguish sessions.
               Implementations in which tmSessionID has a compatible
               syntax and is unique across all transport models MAY
               use that value."
  REFERENCE   "The Abstract Service Interface parameter tmSessionID
               is defined in RFC 5590, Section 5.2.4."
  ::= { vacmAaaSecurityToGroupEntry 3 }

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 12] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

vacmAaaGroupName OBJECT-TYPE

  SYNTAX       SnmpAdminString (SIZE(1..32))
  MAX-ACCESS   read-only
  STATUS       current
  DESCRIPTION "The name of the group to which this entry is to belong.
               In RADIUS environments, this comes from the RADIUS
               Management-Policy-Id Attribute.
               When the appropriate conditions are met,
               the value of this object is applied the vacmGroupName
               in the corresponding vacmSecurityToGroupEntry."
  REFERENCE    "RFC 3415"
  ::= { vacmAaaSecurityToGroupEntry 4 }

– Conformance information **

vacmAaaMIBCompliances

             OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {vacmAaaMIBConformance 1}

vacmAaaMIBGroups

             OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {vacmAaaMIBConformance 2}

– compliance statements

vacmAaaMIBBasicCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE

  STATUS       current
  DESCRIPTION "The compliance statement for SNMP engines implementing
               the AAA-Enabled View-based Access Control Model for
               SNMP."
  MODULE    -- this module
      MANDATORY-GROUPS { vacmAaaGroup }
  ::= { vacmAaaMIBCompliances 1 }

– units of conformance

vacmAaaGroup OBJECT-GROUP

  OBJECTS {
            vacmAaaGroupName
          }
  STATUS       current
  DESCRIPTION "A collection of objects for supporting the use of AAA
               services to provide user-to-group mappings for VACM."
  ::= { vacmAaaMIBGroups 1 }

END

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 13] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

9. Security Considerations

 The algorithms in this memo make heuristic use of the StorageType of
 entries in the vacmSecurityToGroupTable to distinguish those
 provisioned by a security administrator (which would presumably not
 be configured as "volatile") from those dynamically generated.  In
 making this distinction, it assumes that those entries explicitly
 provisioned by a security administrator and given a non-"volatile"
 status are not to be dynamically overridden.  Furthermore, it assumes
 that any active entries with "volatile" status can be treated as
 dynamic, and deleted or updated as needed.  Users of this memo need
 to be aware of this operational assumption, which, while reasonable,
 is not necessarily universally valid.  For example, this situation
 could also occur if the SNMP security administrator had mistakenly
 created these non-volatile entries in error.
 The design of VACM ensures that if an unknown policy (group name) is
 used in the vacmSecurityToGroupTable, no access is granted.  A
 consequence of this is that no matter what information is provided by
 the AAA server, no user can gain SNMP access rights not already
 granted to some group through the VACM configuration.

9.1. Principal Identity Naming

 In order to ensure that the access control policy ultimately applied
 as a result of the mechanisms described here is indeed the intended
 policy for a given principal using a particular security model, care
 needs to be applied in the mapping of the authenticated user
 (principal) identity to the securityName used to make the access
 control decision.  Broadly speaking, there are two approaches to
 ensure consistency of identity:
 o  Entries for the vacmSecurityToGroupTable corresponding to a given
    security model are created only through the operation of the
    procedures described in this memo.  A consequence of this would be
    that all such entries would have been created using the RADIUS
    User-Name (or other AAA-authenticated identity) and RADIUS
    Management-Policy-Id Attribute (or equivalent).
 o  Administrative policy allows a matching pre-configured entry to
    exist in the vacmSecurityToGroupTable, i.e., an entry with the
    corresponding vacmSecurityModel and with a vacmSecurityName
    matching the authenticated principal's RADIUS User-Name.  In this
    case, administrative policy also needs to ensure consistency of
    identity between each authenticated principal's RADIUS User-Name
    and the administratively configured vacmSecurityName in the
    vacmSecurityToGroupTable row entries for that particular security
    model.

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 14] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

 In the latter case, inconsistent re-use of the same name for
 different entities or individuals (principals) can cause the
 incorrect access control policy to be applied for the authenticated
 principal, depending on whether the policy that is configured using
 SNMP or the policy that is applied using the procedures of this memo
 is the intended policy.  This may result in greater or lesser access
 rights than the administrative policy intended.  Inadvertent
 misidentification in such cases may be undetectable by the SNMP
 engine or other software elements of the managed entity.

9.2. Management Information Considerations

 There are no management objects defined in this MIB module that have
 a MAX-ACCESS clause of read-write and/or read-create.  So, if this
 MIB module is implemented correctly, then there is no risk that an
 intruder can alter or create any management objects of this MIB
 module via direct SNMP SET operations.
 Some of the readable objects in this MIB module (including some
 objects with a MAX-ACCESS of not-accessible, whose values are exposed
 as a result of access to indexed objects) may be considered sensitive
 or vulnerable in some network environments.  It is thus important to
 control even GET and/or NOTIFY access to these objects and possibly
 to even encrypt the values of these objects when sending them over
 the network via SNMP.  These are the tables and objects and their
 sensitivity/vulnerability:
 o  vacmAaaSecurityToGroupTable - the entire table is potentially
    sensitive, since walking the table will reveal user names,
    security models in use, session identifiers, and group names;
 o  vacmAaaSecurityModel - though not-accessible, this is exposed as
    an index of vacmAaaGroupName;
 o  vacmAaaSecurityName - though not-accessible, this is exposed as an
    index of vacmAaaGroupName;
 o  vacmAaaSessionID - though not-accessible, this is exposed as an
    index of vacmAaaGroupName;
 o  vacmAaaGroupName - since this identifies a security policy and
    associates it with a particular user, this is potentially
    sensitive.

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 15] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

 SNMP versions prior to SNMPv3 did not include adequate security.
 Even if the network itself is secure (for example by using IPsec),
 even then, there is no control as to who on the secure network is
 allowed to access and GET/SET (read/change/create/delete) the objects
 in this MIB module.
 It is RECOMMENDED that implementers consider the security features as
 provided by the SNMPv3 framework (see [RFC3410], section 8),
 including full support for the SNMPv3 cryptographic mechanisms (for
 authentication and privacy).
 Further, deployment of SNMP versions prior to SNMPv3 is NOT
 RECOMMENDED.  Instead, it is RECOMMENDED to deploy SNMPv3 and to
 enable cryptographic security.  It is then a customer/operator
 responsibility to ensure that the SNMP entity giving access to an
 instance of this MIB module is properly configured to give access to
 the objects only to those principals (users) that have legitimate
 rights to indeed GET or SET (change/create/delete) them.

10. IANA Considerations

 The MIB module in this document uses the following IANA-assigned
 OBJECT IDENTIFIER value recorded in the SMI Numbers registry:
    Descriptor        OBJECT IDENTIFIER value
    ----------        -----------------------
    vacmAaaMIB        { mib-2 199 }

11. Contributors

 The following participants from the ISMS working group contributed to
 the development of this document:
 o  Andrew Donati
 o  David Harrington
 o  Jeffrey Hutzelman
 o  Juergen Schoenwaelder
 o  Tom Petch
 o  Wes Hardaker

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 16] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

 During the IESG review, additional comments were received from:
 o  Adrian Farrel
 o  Amanda Baber
 o  Dan Romescanu
 o  David Kessens
 o  Francis Dupont
 o  Glenn Keeni
 o  Jari Arkko
 o  Joel Jaeggli
 o  Magnus Nystrom
 o  Mike Heard
 o  Robert Story
 o  Russ Housley
 o  Sean Turner
 o  Tim Polk

12. References

12.1. Normative References

 [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
            Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
 [RFC2578]  McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J.
            Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Structure of Management Information
            Version 2 (SMIv2)", STD 58, RFC 2578, April 1999.
 [RFC2579]  McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J.
            Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Textual Conventions for SMIv2",
            STD 58, RFC 2579, April 1999.
 [RFC2580]  McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., and J. Schoenwaelder,
            "Conformance Statements for SMIv2", STD 58, RFC 2580,
            April 1999.

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 17] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

 [RFC2865]  Rigney, C., Willens, S., Rubens, A., and W. Simpson,
            "Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS)",
            RFC 2865, June 2000.
 [RFC3411]  Harrington, D., Presuhn, R., and B. Wijnen, "An
            Architecture for Describing Simple Network Management
            Protocol (SNMP) Management Frameworks", STD 62, RFC 3411,
            December 2002.
 [RFC3415]  Wijnen, B., Presuhn, R., and K. McCloghrie, "View-based
            Access Control Model (VACM) for the Simple Network
            Management Protocol (SNMP)", STD 62, RFC 3415,
            December 2002.
 [RFC5590]  Harrington, D. and J. Schoenwaelder, "Transport Subsystem
            for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)",
            RFC 5590, June 2009.
 [RFC5607]  Nelson, D. and G. Weber, "Remote Authentication Dial-In
            User Service (RADIUS) Authorization for Network Access
            Server (NAS) Management", RFC 5607, July 2009.
 [RFC5608]  Narayan, K. and D. Nelson, "Remote Authentication Dial-In
            User Service (RADIUS) Usage for Simple Network Management
            Protocol (SNMP) Transport Models", RFC 5608, August 2009.

12.2. Informative References

 [RFC3410]  Case, J., Mundy, R., Partain, D., and B. Stewart,
            "Introduction and Applicability Statements for Internet-
            Standard Management Framework", RFC 3410, December 2002.
 [RFC5592]  Harrington, D., Salowey, J., and W. Hardaker, "Secure
            Shell Transport Model for the Simple Network Management
            Protocol (SNMP)", RFC 5592, June 2009.

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 18] RFC 6065 AAA-Enabled VACM December 2010

Authors' Addresses

 Kaushik Narayan
 Cisco Systems, Inc.
 10 West Tasman Drive
 San Jose, CA  95134
 USA
 Phone: +1 408-526-8168
 EMail: kaushik_narayan@yahoo.com
 David Nelson
 Elbrys Networks, Inc.
 282 Corporate Drive, Unit #1,
 Portsmouth, NH  03801
 USA
 Phone: +1 603-570-2636
 EMail: d.b.nelson@comcast.net
 Randy Presuhn (editor)
 San Jose, CA  95120
 USA
 EMail: randy_presuhn@mindspring.com

Narayan, et al. Standards Track [Page 19]

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