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rfc:rfc3982

Network Working Group A. Newton Request for Comments: 3982 VeriSign, Inc. Category: Standards Track M. Sanz

                                                              DENIC eG
                                                          January 2005
           IRIS:  A Domain Registry (dreg) Type for the
            Internet Registry Information Service (IRIS)

Status of This Memo

 This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
 Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
 improvements.  Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
 Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
 and status of this protocol.  Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

Copyright Notice

 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).

Abstract

 This document describes an Internet Registry Information Service
 (IRIS) registry schema for registered DNS information.  The schema
 extends the necessary query and result operations of IRIS to provide
 the functional information service needs for syntaxes and results
 used by domain registries and registrars.

Table of Contents

 1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  2
 2.  Document Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
 3.  Schema Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
     3.1.  Query Derivatives  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
           3.1.1.  <findRegistrarsByName> Query . . . . . . . . . .  3
           3.1.2.  <findDomainsByContact> Query . . . . . . . . . .  4
           3.1.3.  <findDomainsByName> Query  . . . . . . . . . . .  4
           3.1.4.  <findDomainsByIDN> Query . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
           3.1.5.  <findContacts> Query . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
           3.1.6.  <findDomainsByHost> Query  . . . . . . . . . . .  5
           3.1.7.  Contact Search Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.2.  Result Derivatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
           3.2.1.  Privacy Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
           3.2.2.  <domain> Result  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
           3.2.3.  <host> Result  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
           3.2.4.  <contact> Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 1] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

           3.2.5.  <registrationAuthority>  . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
     3.3.  Generic Code Derivatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
           3.3.1.  <searchTooWide>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
           3.3.2.  <languageNotSupported> . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
     3.4.  Support for <iris:lookupEntity>  . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
 4.  Formal XML Syntax  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
 5.  BEEP Transport Compliance  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
     5.1.  Message Pattern  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
     5.2.  Server Authentication  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
 6.  URI Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
     6.1.  Application Service Label  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
     6.2.  Bottom-Up Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
     6.3.  Top-Down Resolution  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
 7.  Internationalization Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
 8.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
     8.1.  XML Namespace URN Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
     8.2.  S-NAPTR Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
     8.3.  BEEP Registration  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
 9.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
 10. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
     10.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
     10.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
 A.  Examples of Requests and Responses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
     A.1.  Example 1  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
     A.2.  Example 2  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
     A.3.  Example 3  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
 B.  An Example of Database Serialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
 C.  Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
 Full Copyright Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

1. Introduction

 This document describes an IRIS registry schema for Internet domain
 registries using an XML Schema [4] derived from and using the IRIS
 [5] schema.  The query and result types outlined in this document are
 based on the functional requirements described in CRISP [17].
 The schema given is this document is specified by using the
 Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0, as described in XML [1]; XML
 Schema notation, as described in XML_SD [3] and XML_SS [4]; and XML
 Namespaces, as described in XML_NS [2].
 Examples of client/server XML exchanges with this registry type are
 available in Appendix A.

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 2] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

2. Document Terminology

 The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
 "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
 document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14, RFC 2119 [10].

3. Schema Description

 IRIS requires the derivation of both query and result elements by a
 registry schema.  These descriptions follow.
 References to XML elements without a namespace qualifier are from the
 schema defined in Section 4.  References to elements and attributes
 with the "iris" XML namespace qualifier are from the schema defined
 in IRIS [5].
 The descriptions contained within this section refer to XML elements
 and attributes and their relation to the exchange of data within the
 protocol.  These descriptions also contain specifications outside the
 scope of the formal XML syntax.  This section will use terms defined
 by RFC 2119 [10] to describe these.  While reading this section,
 please reference Section 4 for needed details on the formal XML
 syntax.

3.1. Query Derivatives

3.1.1. <findRegistrarsByName> Query

 <findRegistrarsByName> searches for a registration authority
 designated as a registrar for the registry of the server.
 If present, the <baseDomain> element MUST restrict the results of the
 search to registrars capable of registering subdomains in the domain
 signified by the content of this element.
 The <namePart> element restricts the scope of the query with its
 child elements.  The <beginsWith> element specifies the beginning of
 the registrar's name.  The <endsWith> element specifies the end of
 the registrar's name.  The <exactMatch> element specifies equivalence
 to the registrar's name.
 If the <namePart> element is not present, the query MUST return all
 registrars applicable (i.e., in consideration of <baseDomain>).
 This query MUST return a result set of zero or more
 <registrationAuthority> elements.  See Section 3.2.5.

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 3] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

3.1.2. <findDomainsByContact> Query

 <findDomainsByContact> finds domains by searches on fields associated
 with a domain's contact.  A search constraint of <baseDomain> MUST
 restrict the results to domains underneath the domain specified by
 its content, if it is present.
 The allowable search fields are handled with either the
 <contactHandle> element or one of the elements in the
 "contactSearchGroup" (see Section 3.1.7).  The <contactHandle>
 element allows the domains to be selected based on the contact having
 the specified contact handle.
 The query MAY also be constrained further by using the optional
 <role> element.  The contents of this element signify the role the
 contact has with the domain.
 This query also provides optional <language> elements containing
 language tags.  Clients MAY use these elements to hint about the
 natural language(s) of the affected element.  Servers MAY use this
 information in processing the query, such as in tailoring
 normalization routines to aid in more effective searches.

3.1.3. <findDomainsByName> Query

 The <findDomainsByName> query finds domains by the name of a domain
 as it is known in DNS.  The <namePart> element restricts the scope of
 the query with its child elements.  The <beginsWith> element
 specifies the beginning of the domain name.  The <endsWith> element
 specifies the end of the domain name.

3.1.4. <findDomainsByIDN> Query

 This query differs from the <findDomainsByName> query by allowing the
 scope of the query to take internationalized domain names into
 consideration.  This query will return the union of the desired
 domain and any associated variants, therefore differing from a lookup
 in the "idn" entity class (Section 3.4) (which only returns the
 domain or no results).
 The <namePart> element restricts the scope of the query with its
 child element.  Its child, the <exactMatch> element, is designed to
 contain IDNs and not ACE labels, and thus MUST match only against
 equivalent IDNs, according to the notion of equivalence defined in
 RFC 3490 [14].
 This query also provides optional <language> elements containing
 language tags.  Clients MAY use these elements to hint about the

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 4] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

 natural language(s) of the affected element.  Servers MAY use this
 information in processing the query, such as in tailoring
 normalization routines to aid in more effective searches.

3.1.5. <findContacts> Query

 <findContacts> searches for contacts given search constraints.  The
 allowable search fields are handled by one of the elements in the
 "contactSearchGroup" (see Section 3.1.7).
 This query also provides optional <language> elements containing
 language tags.  Clients MAY use these elements to hint about the
 natural language(s) of the affected element.  Servers MAY use this
 information in processing the query, such as in tailoring
 normalization routines to aid in more effective searches.

3.1.6. <findDomainsByHost> Query

 This query does a simple search for the domains being hosted by a
 name server.  The search is constrained by using either the host name
 [12], host handle, IPv4 address, or IPv6 address of the name server.

3.1.7. Contact Search Group

 Some of the queries above have similar query constraints for
 searching on contacts.  This section describes those common
 parameters.
 <commonName> allows the query to be constrained based on the common
 name of the contact.  The constraint can constrain the query either
 by an exact match using the <exactMatch> element, or by a subset of
 the common name using the <beginsWith> and <endsWith> elements.
 <organization> allows the query to be constrained based on the
 organization name of the contact.  It has the same semantics as the
 <commonName> element.
 <eMail> constrains the query based on the e-mail address of the
 contact.  This may be done by an exact e-mail address using the
 <exactMatch> element or by any e-mail address in a domain using the
 <inDomain> element.  The <inDomain> element MUST only contain a valid
 domain name (i.e., without an '@' symbol), and the matching SHOULD
 take place only on the domain given (i.e., no partial matches with
 respect to substrings or parent domains).  If either the contents of
 the <inDomain> element or the domain part of the contents of the
 <exactMatch> element contain a name with non-ASCII characters, they
 MUST be normalized according to the processes of RFC 3491 [15].

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 5] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

 The <city>, <region>, and <postalCode> elements restrict the scope of
 the query based on the city, region, or postal code of the contact,
 respectively.  Each must only contain an <exactMatch> element
 containing the exact city, region, or postal code (i.e., no substring
 searches).

3.2. Result Derivatives

3.2.1. Privacy Labels

 Several of the results in this registry type have values that cannot
 be given but must be specified as present or must be flagged so that
 clients do not divulge them.  In order to achieve this, some of the
 results use the following element types:
 o  "dateTimePrivacyType" -- contains the XML Schema [3] data type
    "dateTime".  The contents of this element MUST be specified by
    using the 'Z' indicator for Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
 o  "stringPrivacyType" -- contains the XML Schema [3] data type
    "string".
 o  "normalizedStringPrivacyType" -- contains the XML Schema [3] data
    type "normalizedString".
 o  "tokenPrivacyType" -- contains the XML Schema [3] data type
    "token".
 o  "domainStatusType" -- contains the optional element of
    <appliedDate>, indicating the date and time when the status was
    applied, and the optional element of <description> with the
    required attribute 'language', indicating a description of the
    status.  This element also has the optional attribute 'scope',
    indicating the scope or origin of the status value.
 o  "contactTypeType" -- contains optional <description> child
    elements.  Each <description> child element requires a 'language'
    attribute.
 As specified, these elements can have nil values and therefore may be
 present with empty content or present with their specified content.
 The use of these elements is also optional.
 If present without content, each of these element types MUST have one
 or more of the following boolean attributes:
 o  'private' -- If true, this specifies that the content is absent
    because it may never be published.

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 6] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

 o  'denied' -- If true, this specifies that the content is absent
    because policy does not allow it to be given at the current level
    of access.
 If present with content, each of these element types MAY have one or
 more of the following boolean attributes:
 o  'doNotRedistribute' -- If true, this specifies that the content is
    not to be redistributed.
 o  'specialAccess' -- If true, this specifies that the content has
     been provided due to special access rights.
 These boolean attributes SHOULD be used in accordance with the level
 of access granted to the recipient of the data.  For example, marking
 data as 'private' or 'denied' is to be expected if the user is
 anonymous or has some other low level of access that does not warrant
 viewing that particular data.  Likewise, data marked with
 'doNotRedistribute' or 'specialAccess' is to be expected if the user
 is authenticated and has a high level of access.

3.2.2. <domain> Result

 An example of a <domain> result:
 <domain
   authority="iana.org" registryType="dreg1"
   entityClass="domain-handle" entityName="example-com-1">
   <domainName>example.com</domainName>
   <domainHandle>tcs-com-1</domainHandle>
   <nameServer
     iris:referentType="host"
     authority="iana.org" registryType="dreg1"
     entityClass="host-handle" entityName="research7" />
   <nameServer
     iris:referentType="host"
     authority="iana.org" registryType="dreg1"
     entityClass="host-handle" entityName="nsol184" />
   <registry
     iris:referentType="registrationAuthority"
     authority="com"
     registryType="dreg1"
     entityClass="contact-handle"
     entityName="VGRS" />
   <registrar
     iris:referentType="registrationAuthority"
     authority="iana.org" registryType="dreg1"
     entityClass="contact-handle" entityName="dbarton" />

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 7] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

   <initialDelegationDateTime xsi:nil="true"/>
 </domain>
 The <domain> result represents an instance of a domain assignment.
 The children of the <domain> element are as follows:
 o  <domainName> -- the full name of the domain as it is in DNS.  The
    contents of this element MUST be a domain name as specified by RFC
    1035 [9].
 o  <idn> -- the name of the domain in nameprep form, if applicable.
    See RFC 3491 [15].
 o  <domainHandle> -- a registry unique assigned identifier for a
    domain.
 o  <nameServer> -- MUST contain an entity reference to a referent of
    type <host> (Section 3.2.3).
 o  <registrant> -- contains an entity reference to the registrant of
    this domain.  The referent MUST be a <contact> result (Section
    3.2.4).
 o  Domain contacts -- the following elements contain an entity
    reference with a relationship to the domain.  The referent of each
    MUST be a <contact> (Section 3.2.4).
    *  <billingContacts>
    *  <technicalContacts>
    *  <administrativeContacts>
    *  <legalContacts>
    *  <zoneContacts>
    *  <abuseContacts>
    *  <securityContacts>
    *  <otherContacts>
 o  <status> -- This may contain at least one of the following
    elements of type 'domainStatusType' (see Section 3.2.1), but none
    of these elements may appear more than once.
    *  <reservedDelegation> -- permanently inactive
    *  <assignedAndActive> -- normal state
    *  <assignedAndInactive> -- registration assigned but delegation
       inactive
    *  <assignedAndOnHold> -- dispute
    *  <revoked> -- database purge pending
    *  <transferPending> -- change of authority pending
    *  <registryLock> -- on hold by registry
    *  <registrarLock> -- on hold by registrar

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 8] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

 o  <domainVariant> -- contains an entity reference, the referent of
    which MUST be a <domain> (Section 3.2.2).
 o  <registrationReference> -- contains an entity reference, the
    referent of which MUST be a <domain> (Section 3.2.2).  This
    element is intended to point to the downstream registration
    reference.  Therefore, if this is a result given back by a domain
    registry, it should point to the domain in the domain registrar or
    registrant service.
 o  <registry> -- contains an entity reference specifying the domain
    registry operator for this domain, which MUST be a
    <registrationAuthority> (Section 3.2.5).  This element has an
    optional boolean 'hosting' attribute.  When the value of this
    attribute is positive, it indicates that the registry is
    responsible for authoritatively answering DNS queries for this
    domain.
 o  <registrar> -- contains an entity reference specifying the domain
    registrar operator for this domain, which MUST be a
    <registrationAuthority> (Section 3.2.5).  This element has an
    optional boolean 'hosting' attribute.  When the value of this
    attribute is positive, it indicates that the registrar is
    responsible for authoratively answering DNS queries for this
    domain.
 o  <initialDelegationDateTime> -- contains the date and time of the
    initial delegation of this domain.
 o  <lastRenewalDateTime> -- contains the date and time of last
    renewal of this domain.
 o  <expirationDateTime> -- contains the date and time of the
    expiration of this domain.
 o  <lastContactModificationDateTime> -- specifies the last time a
    contact for the domain was added or removed.
 o  <lastContactModificationBy> -- contains an entity reference.  The
    referent MUST be a <contact> (Section 3.2.4) responsible for the
    last addition or removal of a contact for this domain.
 o  <lastDelegationModificationDateTime> -- contains the date and time
    of the last time one of the nameservers was added or removed for
    the delegation of this domain.

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 9] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

 o  <lastDelegationModificationBy> -- contains an entity reference.
    The referent MUST be a <contact> result (Section 3.2.4) and MUST
    be responsible for the last addition or removal of a nameserver
    for this domain.
 o  <lastVerificationDateTime> -- contains the date and time of the
    last time the data for this domain was verified by the responsible
    registration authority.
 o  <iris:seeAlso> -- contains an entity reference specifying a
    referent indirectly associated with this domain.

3.2.3. <host> Result

  An example of a <host> result:
 <host
   authority="iana.org" registryType="dreg1"
   entityClass="host-handle" entityName="nsol184" >
   <hostHandle>nsol184</hostHandle>
   <hostName>a.iana-servers.net</hostName>
   <ipV4Address>192.0.2.43</ipV4Address>
   <hostContact
     iris:referentType="contact"
     authority="iana.org" registryType="dreg1"
     entityClass="contact-handle" entityName="dbarton" />
 </host>
 The <host> element represents an instance of a host registration.
 The children of the <host> element are as follows:
 o  <hostHandle> -- a registry unique assigned identifier for the
    host.
 o  <hostName> -- the fully qualified domain name of the host.  The
    contents of this element are a domain name and MUST conform to RFC
    1035 [9].
 o  <ipV4Address> -- the content of this MUST conform to the a valid
    IP version 4 host address, as specified by RFC 791 [8].
 o  <ipV6Address> -- the content of this MUST conform to the a valid
    IP version 6 host address, as specified by RFC 3513 [7].
 o  <hostContact> -- contains an entity reference specifying a contact
    associated with this host.  The referent MUST be <contact>
    (Section 3.2.4) results.

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 10] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

 o  <createdDateTime> -- contains the date and time when this host was
    created.
 o  <lastModificationDateTime> -- contains the date and time when this
    host was last modified.
 o  <lastVerificationDateTime> -- contains the date and time when this
    data for this host was last verified to be correct by the
    appropriate registration authority.
 o  <iris:seeAlso> -- contains an entity reference specifying a
    referent indirectly associated with this host.

3.2.4. <contact> Result

 An example of a <contact> result:
 <contact
   authority="iana.org" registryType="dreg1"
   entityClass="contact-handle" entityName="dbarton" >
   <contactHandle>dbarton</contactHandle>
   <commonName>IANA Manager</commonName>
   <organization>Internet Assigned Numbers Authority</organization>
   <eMail>res-dom@iana.org</eMail>
   <postalAddress>
     <address>4676 Admiralty Way, Suite 330</address>
     <city>Marina del Rey</city>
     <region>CA</region>
     <postalCode>92092</postalCode>
     <country>US</country>
   </postalAddress>
   <phone>+1.3108239358</phone>
 </contact>
 The <contact> element represents an instance of a contact
 registration.  The children of the <contact> element are as follows:
 o  <contactHandle> -- a registry unique assigned identifier for this
    contact.
 o  <commonName> -- the name of the contact.
 o  <language> -- a specification of the language code to use to
    localize the data in this result.
 o  <type> -- contains one of the following child elements: <person>,
    <organization>, <role>, or <other>.  Each of these elements is a
    "contactTypeType" as defined in Section 3.2.1.

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 11] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

 o  <organization> -- contains the organization name of the contact.
 o  <eMail> -- contains an e-mail address for this contact.
 o  <IDNeMail> -- contains an e-mail address within an
    internationalized domain name [14].
 o  <sip> -- contains a SIP URI for this contact.
 o  <postalAddress> -- contains children representing a postal
    address.  <postalAddress> has the following children:
    *  <address> -- contains the street address for this contact.
    *  <city> -- contains the city for this contact.
    *  <region> -- contains the national region for this contact.
    *  <postalCode> -- contains the postal code for this contact.
    *  <country> -- contains the country for this contact.  This
       SHOULD be a two-letter country code compliant with ISO 3166
       [11].
 o  <phone> -- contains a voice phone number for this contact.  If it
    begins with a '+' (plus) character, it MUST be a number defined by
    E164 [13].  The format number defined in E164 [13] is RECOMMENDED.
 o  <fax> -- contains a facsimile phone number for this contact.  If
    it begins with a '+' (plus) character, it MUST be a number defined
    by E164 [13].  The format number defined in E164 [13] is
    RECOMMENDED.
 o  <createdDateTime> -- contains the date and time when this contact
    was created.
 o  <lastModificationDateTime> -- contains the date and time when this
    contact was last modified.
 o  <lastVerificationDateTime> -- contains the date and time when this
    data for this contact was last verified to be correct by the
    appropriate registration authority.
 o  <translatedContacts> -- contains an entity reference specifying
    equivalents of this contact that have been translated into other
    languages.  The referent MUST be <contact> results (Section
    3.2.4).
 o  <iris:seeAlso> -- contains an entity reference specifying a
    referent indirectly associated with this contact.

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 12] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

3.2.5. <registrationAuthority>

 An example of a <registrationAuthority> result:
 <registrationAuthority
   authority="iana.org" registryType="dreg1"
   entityClass="registration-authority" entityName="iana" >
   <serviceInstance
     iris:referentType="iris:serviceIdentification"
     authority="iana.org" registryType="dreg1"
     entityClass="iris" entityName="id" />
   <organizationName>
     Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
   </organizationName>
   <registrar />
 </registrationAuthority>
 The <registrationAuthority> result represents an entity capable of
 registering domains.
 The <serviceInstance> child element of <registrationAuthority>
 contains an entity reference pointing to the entity "id" in the
 entity class "iris".  The authority areas found in the referent MUST
 be domains for which a given registration authority has control.
 The <organizationName> child element contains the name of the
 registration authority.
 The registration authority type child elements <registry>,
 <registrar>, and <other> determine the role this registration
 authority plays in the process of registering domains.  This element
 is intended to explain the various roles a registration authority may
 have in the authority areas pointed to by the <serviceInstance>
 element.  A client MAY understand the relationship of a registration
 authority with respect to a domain by the placement of the reference
 in the domain (e.g., <registry> or <registrar>).
 The <domain> child elements each contain one domain name signifying
 the domains for which this registration authority may register sub-
 domains.

3.3. Generic Code Derivatives

3.3.1. <searchTooWide>

 Servers MAY use the <searchTooWide> error code when a query must be
 narrowed to yield a result set acceptable under the policies of the
 server operator.

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 13] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

3.3.2. <languageNotSupported>

 The queries <findDomainsByRegistrant>, <findDomainsByIDNName>, and
 <findContacts> support optional language tags that allow a client to
 suggest to a server the languages in which to scope the queries.  If
 a client passes to the server a language that the server does not
 support, the server MAY use this error code to indicate that one of
 the languages is not supported.
 This element contains child elements named <unsupportedLanguage>.
 Each of these child elements specifies a language not supported by
 the server.  When a server returns this error, it MUST give the
 languages from the query which are not supported.

3.4. Support for <iris:lookupEntity>

 The following types of entity classes are recognized by the
 <lookupEntity> query of IRIS for this registry:
 o  host-name -- The fully qualified domain name of a nameserver.  It
    yields a <host> (Section 3.2.3) in the response.
 o  host-handle -- The registry unique identifier given a nameserver.
    It yields a <host> (Section 3.2.3) in the response.
 o  domain-name -- The fully qualified name of a domain.  This a
    domain name as specified by RFC 1035 [9].  It yields a <domain>
    (Section 3.2.2) in the response.
 o  idn -- The fully qualified name of a domain in nameprep form (see
    RFC 3491 [15]).  It yields a <domain> (Section 3.2.2) in the
    response.
 o  domain-handle -- The registry unique identifier given a domain.
    It yields a <domain> (Section 3.2.2) in the response.
 o  contact-handle -- The registry unique identifier given a contact.
    It yields a <contact> (Section 3.2.4) in the response.
 o  ipv4-address -- The IPv4 address of a nameserver.  It yields a
    <host> (Section 3.2.3) in the response.
 o  ipv6-address -- The IPv6 address of a nameserver.  It yields a
    <host> (Section 3.2.3) in the response.
 o  registration-authority -- The name of a registration authority.
    It yields a <registrationAuthority> (Section 3.2.5) in the
    response.

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 14] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

 All names in these entity classes are case insensitive.

4. Formal XML Syntax

 This registry schema is specified in the XML Schema notation.  The
 formal syntax presented here is a complete schema representation
 suitable for automated validation of an XML instance when combined
 with the formal schema syntax of IRIS.
 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 <schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
   xmlns:dreg="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dreg1"
   xmlns:iris="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1"
   targetNamespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dreg1"
   elementFormDefault="qualified" >
   <import namespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1" />
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
       Domain registry schema
       derived from IRIS schema
     </documentation>
   </annotation>
   <!-- ========================================= -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- Query Types                               -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- ========================================= -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- Find Registrars By Name                   -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <complexType
     name="findRegistrarsByNameType">
     <complexContent>
       <extension
         base="iris:queryType">
         <sequence>
           <element
             ref="dreg:baseDomain"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="namePart"
             type="dreg:exactOrPartialMatchParameter"

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 15] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
         </sequence>
       </extension>
     </complexContent>
   </complexType>
   <element
     name="findRegistrarsByName"
     type="dreg:findRegistrarsByNameType"
     substitutionGroup="iris:query" />
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- Find Domains By Contact                   -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <complexType
     name="findDomainsByContactType">
     <complexContent>
       <extension
         base="iris:queryType">
         <sequence>
           <element
             ref="dreg:baseDomain"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <choice>
             <group
               ref="dreg:contactSearchGroup" />
             <element
               name="contactHandle"
               type="dreg:exactMatchParameter" />
           </choice>
           <element
             name="role"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" >
             <simpleType>
               <restriction
                 base="string" >
                 <enumeration
                   value="registrant" />
                 <enumeration
                   value="billingContact" />
                 <enumeration
                   value="technicalContact" />
                 <enumeration
                   value="administrativeContact" />

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                 <enumeration
                   value="legalContact" />
                 <enumeration
                   value="zoneContact" />
                 <enumeration
                   value="abuseContact" />
                 <enumeration
                   value="securityContact" />
                 <enumeration
                   value="otherContact" />
               </restriction>
             </simpleType>
           </element>
           <element
             name="language"
             type="language"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
         </sequence>
       </extension>
     </complexContent>
   </complexType>
   <element
     name="findDomainsByContact"
     type="dreg:findDomainsByContactType"
     substitutionGroup="iris:query" />
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- Find Domains By Name                      -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <complexType
     name="findDomainsByNameType">
     <complexContent>
       <extension
         base="iris:queryType">
         <sequence>
           <element
             name="namePart"
             type="dreg:partialMatchParameter" />
         </sequence>
       </extension>
     </complexContent>
   </complexType>
   <element
     name="findDomainsByName"

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 17] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

     type="dreg:findDomainsByNameType"
     substitutionGroup="iris:query" />
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- Find Domains By Internationalized Name    -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <complexType
     name="findDomainsByIDNType">
     <complexContent>
       <extension
         base="iris:queryType">
         <sequence>
           <element
             name="namePart"
             type="dreg:exactMatchParameter" />
           <element
             name="language"
             type="language"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
         </sequence>
       </extension>
     </complexContent>
   </complexType>
   <element
     name="findDomainsByIDN"
     type="dreg:findDomainsByIDNType"
     substitutionGroup="iris:query" />
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- Find Contacts                             -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <complexType
     name="findContactsType">
     <complexContent>
       <extension
         base="iris:queryType">
         <sequence>
           <group
             ref="dreg:contactSearchGroup" />
           <element
             name="language"
             type="language"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded"/>

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 18] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

          </sequence>
       </extension>
     </complexContent>
   </complexType>
   <element
     name="findContacts"
     type="dreg:findContactsType"
     substitutionGroup="iris:query" />
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- Find Domains By Host                      -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <complexType
     name="findDomainsByHostType">
     <complexContent>
       <extension
         base="iris:queryType">
         <sequence>
           <element
             ref="dreg:baseDomain"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <choice>
             <element
               name="hostName"
               type="dreg:exactMatchParameter" />
             <element
               name="hostHandle"
               type="dreg:exactMatchParameter" />
             <element
               name="ipV4Address"
               type="dreg:exactMatchParameter" />
             <element
               name="ipV6Address"
               type="dreg:exactMatchParameter" />
           </choice>
         </sequence>
       </extension>
     </complexContent>
   </complexType>
   <element
     name="findDomainsByHost"
     type="dreg:findDomainsByHostType"
     substitutionGroup="iris:query" />

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 19] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- Contact Search Group                      -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <group
     name="contactSearchGroup">
     <choice>
       <element
         name="commonName"
         type="dreg:exactOrPartialMatchParameter" />
       <element
         name="organization"
         type="dreg:exactOrPartialMatchParameter" />
       <element
         name="eMail"
         type="dreg:domainResourceParameter" />
       <element
         name="city"
         type="dreg:exactMatchParameter" />
       <element
         name="region"
         type="dreg:exactMatchParameter" />
       <element
         name="postalCode"
         type="dreg:exactMatchParameter" />
     </choice>
   </group>
   <complexType
     name="exactOrPartialMatchParameter">
     <choice>
       <group
         ref="dreg:partialMatchGroup" />
       <group
         ref="dreg:exactMatchGroup" />
     </choice>
   </complexType>
   <complexType
     name="exactMatchParameter">
     <group
       ref="dreg:exactMatchGroup" />
   </complexType>
   <complexType
     name="partialMatchParameter">
     <sequence>
       <group

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 20] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

         ref="dreg:partialMatchGroup" />
     </sequence>
   </complexType>
   <complexType
     name="domainResourceParameter" >
     <choice>
       <group
         ref="dreg:exactMatchGroup" />
       <element
         name="inDomain"
         type="token" />
     </choice>
   </complexType>
   <element
     name="baseDomain"
     type="normalizedString" />
   <group
     name="partialMatchGroup">
     <choice>
       <sequence>
         <element
           name="beginsWith">
           <simpleType>
             <restriction
               base="token">
               <minLength
                 value="1"/>
             </restriction>
           </simpleType>
         </element>
         <element
           minOccurs="0"
           name="endsWith">
           <simpleType>
             <restriction
               base="token">
               <minLength
                 value="1"/>
             </restriction>
           </simpleType>
         </element>
       </sequence>
       <element
         name="endsWith">
         <simpleType>

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 21] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

           <restriction
             base="token">
             <minLength
               value="1"/>
           </restriction>
         </simpleType>
       </element>
     </choice>
   </group>
   <group
     name="exactMatchGroup">
     <sequence>
       <element
         name="exactMatch"
         type="normalizedString" />
     </sequence>
   </group>
   <!-- ========================================= -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- Result Types                              -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- ========================================= -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- Domain                                    -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <complexType
     name="domainType">
     <complexContent>
       <extension
         base="iris:resultType">
         <sequence>
           <element
             name="domainName"
             type="token" />
           <element
             name="idn"
             type="token"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="domainHandle"
             type="dreg:normalizedStringPrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 22] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="nameServer"
             type="iris:entityType"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             name="registrant"
             type="iris:entityType"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="billingContact"
             type="iris:entityType"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             name="technicalContact"
             type="iris:entityType"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             name="administrativeContact"
             type="iris:entityType"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             name="legalContact"
             type="iris:entityType"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             name="zoneContact"
             type="iris:entityType"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             name="abuseContact"
             type="iris:entityType"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             name="securityContact"
             type="iris:entityType"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             name="otherContact"

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 23] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

             type="iris:entityType"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             name="lastContactModificationDateTime"
             type="dreg:dateTimePrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="lastContactModificationBy"
             type="iris:entityType"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="status"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1">
             <complexType>
               <all>
                 <element
                   name="reservedDelegation"
                   minOccurs="0"
                   maxOccurs="1"
                   type="dreg:domainStatusType" />
                 <element
                   name="assignedAndActive"
                   minOccurs="0"
                   maxOccurs="1"
                   type="dreg:domainStatusType" />
                 <element
                   name="assignedAndInactive"
                   minOccurs="0"
                   maxOccurs="1"
                   type="dreg:domainStatusType" />
                 <element
                   name="assignedAndOnHold"
                   minOccurs="0"
                   maxOccurs="1"
                   type="dreg:domainStatusType" />
                 <element
                   name="revoked"
                   minOccurs="0"
                   maxOccurs="1"
                   type="dreg:domainStatusType" />
                 <element
                   name="transferPending"
                   minOccurs="0"

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 24] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

                   maxOccurs="1"
                   type="dreg:domainStatusType" />
                 <element
                   name="registryLock"
                   minOccurs="0"
                   maxOccurs="1"
                   type="dreg:domainStatusType" />
                 <element
                   name="registrarLock"
                   minOccurs="0"
                   maxOccurs="1"
                   type="dreg:domainStatusType" />
                 <element
                   name="other"
                   minOccurs="0"
                   maxOccurs="1"
                   type="dreg:domainStatusType" />
               </all>
             </complexType>
           </element>
           <element
             name="domainVariant"
             type="iris:entityType"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             name="registrationReference"
             type="iris:entityType"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="registry"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1">
             <complexType>
               <complexContent>
                 <extension
                   base="iris:entityType">
                   <attribute
                     name="hosting"
                     type="boolean" />
                 </extension>
               </complexContent>
             </complexType>
           </element>
           <element
             name="registrar"
             minOccurs="0"

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 25] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

             maxOccurs="1">
             <complexType>
               <complexContent>
                 <extension
                   base="iris:entityType">
                   <attribute
                     name="hosting"
                     type="boolean" />
                 </extension>
               </complexContent>
             </complexType>
           </element>
           <element
             name="initialDelegationDateTime"
             type="dreg:dateTimePrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="lastRenewalDateTime"
             type="dreg:dateTimePrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="expirationDateTime"
             type="dreg:dateTimePrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="lastDelegationModificationDateTime"
             type="dreg:dateTimePrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="lastDelegationModificationBy"
             type="iris:entityType"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="lastVerificationDateTime"
             type="dreg:dateTimePrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 26] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

             ref="iris:seeAlso"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
         </sequence>
       </extension>
     </complexContent>
   </complexType>
   <element
     name="domain"
     type="dreg:domainType"
     substitutionGroup="iris:result" />
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- Host                                      -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <complexType
     name="hostType">
     <complexContent>
       <extension
         base="iris:resultType">
         <sequence>
           <element
             name="hostHandle"
             type="dreg:normalizedStringPrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="hostName"
             type="normalizedString" />
           <element
             name="ipV4Address"
             type="token"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             name="ipV6Address"
             type="token"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             name="hostContact"
             type="iris:entityType"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 27] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

             name="createdDateTime"
             type="dreg:dateTimePrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="lastModificationDateTime"
             type="dreg:dateTimePrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="lastVerificationDateTime"
             type="dreg:dateTimePrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             ref="iris:seeAlso"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
         </sequence>
       </extension>
     </complexContent>
   </complexType>
   <element
     name="host"
     type="dreg:hostType"
     substitutionGroup="iris:result" />
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- Contact                                   -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <complexType
     name="contactType">
     <complexContent>
       <extension
         base="iris:resultType">
         <sequence>
           <element
             name="contactHandle"
             type="dreg:normalizedStringPrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 28] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

             name="commonName"
             type="dreg:normalizedStringPrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1"/>
           <element
             name="language"
             type="language"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="type"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1">
             <complexType>
               <choice>
                 <element
                   name="person"
                   type="dreg:contactTypeType" />
                 <element
                   name="organization"
                   type="dreg:contactTypeType" />
                 <element
                   name="role"
                   type="dreg:contactTypeType" />
                 <element
                   name="other"
                   type="dreg:contactTypeType" />
               </choice>
             </complexType>
           </element>
           <element
             name="organization"
             type="dreg:normalizedStringPrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="eMail"
             type="dreg:stringPrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             name="IDNeMail"
             type="dreg:stringPrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 29] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             name="sip"
             type="dreg:stringPrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             name="postalAddress"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" >
             <complexType>
               <sequence>
                 <element
                   name="address"
                   type="dreg:stringPrivacyType"
                   nillable="true"
                   minOccurs="0"
                   maxOccurs="1" />
                 <element
                   name="city"
                   type="dreg:stringPrivacyType"
                   nillable="true"
                   minOccurs="0"
                   maxOccurs="1" />
                 <element
                   name="region"
                   type="dreg:stringPrivacyType"
                   nillable="true"
                   minOccurs="0"
                   maxOccurs="1" />
                 <element
                   name="postalCode"
                   type="dreg:normalizedStringPrivacyType"
                   nillable="true"
                   minOccurs="0"
                   maxOccurs="1" />
                 <element
                   name="country"
                   type="dreg:tokenPrivacyType"
                   nillable="true"
                   minOccurs="0"
                   maxOccurs="1" />
               </sequence>
             </complexType>
           </element>
           <element
             name="phone"

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 30] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

             type="dreg:normalizedStringPrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             name="fax"
             type="dreg:normalizedStringPrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             name="createdDateTime"
             type="dreg:dateTimePrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="lastModificationDateTime"
             type="dreg:dateTimePrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="lastVerificationDateTime"
             type="dreg:dateTimePrivacyType"
             nillable="true"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="translatedContact"
             type="iris:entityType"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
           <element
             ref="iris:seeAlso"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
         </sequence>
       </extension>
     </complexContent>
   </complexType>
   <element
     name="contact"
     type="dreg:contactType"
     substitutionGroup="iris:result" />
   <!--                                           -->

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 31] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

   <!-- Registration Authority                    -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <complexType
     name="registrationAuthorityType">
     <complexContent>
       <extension
         base="iris:resultType">
         <sequence>
           <element
             name="serviceInstance"
             type="iris:entityType"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <element
             name="organizationName"
             type="string"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="1" />
           <choice
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="3">
             <element
               name="registry">
               <complexType/>
             </element>
             <element
               name="registrar">
               <complexType/>
             </element>
             <element
               name="other">
               <complexType/>
             </element>
           </choice>
           <element
             name="domain"
             type="token"
             minOccurs="0"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
         </sequence>
       </extension>
     </complexContent>
   </complexType>
   <element
     name="registrationAuthority"
     type="dreg:registrationAuthorityType"

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 32] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

     substitutionGroup="iris:result" />
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- Privacy Label Types                       -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <attributeGroup
     name="privacyLabelAttributeGroup">
     <attribute
       name="private"
       type="boolean" />
     <attribute
       name="denied"
       type="boolean" />
     <attribute
       name="doNotRedistribute"
       type="boolean" />
     <attribute
       name="specialAccess"
       type="boolean" />
   </attributeGroup>
   <complexType
     name="dateTimePrivacyType">
     <simpleContent>
       <extension
         base="dateTime">
         <attributeGroup
           ref="dreg:privacyLabelAttributeGroup" />
       </extension>
     </simpleContent>
   </complexType>
   <complexType
     name="stringPrivacyType">
     <simpleContent>
       <extension
         base="string">
         <attributeGroup
           ref="dreg:privacyLabelAttributeGroup" />
       </extension>
     </simpleContent>
   </complexType>
   <complexType
     name="normalizedStringPrivacyType">
     <simpleContent>
       <extension

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 33] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

         base="normalizedString">
         <attributeGroup
           ref="dreg:privacyLabelAttributeGroup" />
       </extension>
     </simpleContent>
   </complexType>
   <complexType
     name="tokenPrivacyType">
     <simpleContent>
       <extension
         base="token">
         <attributeGroup
           ref="dreg:privacyLabelAttributeGroup" />
       </extension>
     </simpleContent>
   </complexType>
   <complexType
     name="domainStatusType">
     <sequence>
       <element
         name="appliedDate"
         type="dateTime"
         minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
       <element
         name="description"
         minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded">
         <complexType>
           <simpleContent>
             <extension
               base="string">
               <attribute
                 name="language"
                 type="language"
                 use="required" />
             </extension>
           </simpleContent>
         </complexType>
       </element>
     </sequence>
     <attributeGroup
       ref="dreg:privacyLabelAttributeGroup" />
     <attribute
       name="scope"
       type="string" />

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 34] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

   </complexType>
   <complexType
     name="contactTypeType">
     <sequence>
       <element
         name="description"
         minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded">
         <complexType>
           <simpleContent>
             <extension
               base="string">
               <attribute
                 name="language"
                 type="language"
                 use="required" />
             </extension>
           </simpleContent>
         </complexType>
       </element>
     </sequence>
     <attributeGroup
       ref="dreg:privacyLabelAttributeGroup" />
   </complexType>
   <!-- ========================================= -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- Error Codes                               -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- ========================================= -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- Search Too Wide                           -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <element
     name="searchTooWide"
     type="iris:codeType"
     substitutionGroup="iris:genericCode" />
   <!--                                           -->
   <!-- Language Not Supported                    -->
   <!--                                           -->
   <complexType
     name="languageNotSupportedType">
     <complexContent>

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 35] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

       <extension
         base="iris:codeType">
         <sequence>
           <element
             name="unsupportedLanguage"
             type="language"
             minOccurs="1"
             maxOccurs="unbounded" />
         </sequence>
       </extension>
     </complexContent>
   </complexType>
   <element
     name="languageNotSupported"
     type="dreg:languageNotSupportedType"
     substitutionGroup="iris:genericCode" />
 </schema>
                       Figure 5: dreg.xsd

5. BEEP Transport Compliance

 IRIS allows several extensions of the core capabilities.  This
 section outlines extensions allowable by IRIS-BEEP [6].

5.1. Message Pattern

 This registry type uses the default message pattern described in
 IRIS-BEEP [6].

5.2. Server Authentication

 This registry type only uses the basic TLS server authentication
 method, as described in IRIS-BEEP [6].

6. URI Resolution

6.1. Application Service Label

 The application service label associated with this registry type MUST
 be "DREG1".  This is the abbreviated form of the URN for this
 registry type: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dreg1.

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 36] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

6.2. Bottom-Up Resolution

 The bottom-up alternative resolution method MUST be identified as
 'bottom' in IRIS URI's.
 The process for this resolution method differs from the direct-
 resolution method if the authority is only a domain name (i.e.,
 without the port number).  The process for this condition is as
 follows:
 1. The IRIS [5] direct-resolution process is tried on the domain name
    (e.g., "example.com").
 2. If the direct-resolution process yields no server for which a
    connection can be made, then the leftmost label of the domain name
    is removed, and the first step is repeated again (e.g., "com").
 3. If all the labels of the domain name are removed and no server
    connections have been made, then the DNS is queried for the
    address records corresponding to the original domain name, and the
    port used is the well-known port for the default protocol of IRIS.

6.3. Top-Down Resolution

 The top-down alternative resolution method MUST be identified as
 'top' in IRIS URIs.
 The process for this resolution method differs from the direct-
 resolution method if the authority is only a domain name (i.e.,
 without the port number).  The process for this condition is as
 follows:
 1. The domain name is reduced to its rightmost label.  This is always
    '.'.
 2. The IRIS [5] direct-resolution process is tried on the domain
    name.
 3. If the direct-resolution process yields no server for which a
    connection can be made, then the original label to the left of the
    rightmost label of the domain name is prepended, and the second
    step is repeated again (e.g., if ".", then "com"; if "com", then
    "example.com").
 4. If all the labels of the original domain are present and no server
    connections have been made, then the DNS is queried for the
    address records corresponding to the original domain name, and the
    port used is the well-known port for the default protocol of IRIS.

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 37] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

7. Internationalization Considerations

 Implementers should be aware of considerations for
 internationalization in IRIS [5].
 This document specifies the lookup of domain names, both the
 traditional ASCII form and the IDN form.  In addition, the social
 data associated with contacts may also be non-ASCII and could contain
 virtually any Unicode character.  The <language> element is provided
 in queries that have the potential to traverse such data.  Clients
 should use this element to indicate the desired target languages to
 the server, and servers should use this element to better enable
 normalization and search processes (see [18]).
 For clients needing to localize the data tags in this protocol, note
 that localization is only needed on the names of XML elements and
 attributes with the exception of elements containing date and time
 information.  The schema for this registry has been designed so that
 clients need not interpret the content of elements or attributes for
 localization, other than that of elements containing date and time
 information.
 Clients should also make use of the <language> elements provided in
 many of the results.  Results containing data that may be in Unicode
 are accompanied by these elements in order to aid better presentation
 of the data to the user.
 The "dateTimePrivacyType" element type contains the XML Schema [3]
 data type "dateTime".  The contents of this element MUST be specified
 by using the 'Z' indicator for Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

8. IANA Considerations

8.1. XML Namespace URN Registration

 This document makes use of a proposed XML namespace and schema
 registry specified in XML_URN [16].  Accordingly, the following
 registration information is provided for the IANA:
    o  URN/URI:
       *  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dreg1
    o  Contact:
       *  Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
       *  Marcos Sanz <sanz@denic.de>
    o  XML:
       *  The XML Schema specified in Section 4

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 38] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

8.2. S-NAPTR Registration

 The following S-NAPTR application service label has been registered
 with IANA according to the IANA considerations defined in IRIS [5]:
    DREG1

8.3. BEEP Registration

 The following BEEP Profile URI has been registered with IANA, in
 addition to the registration provided in IRIS-BEEP [6].
    http://iana.org/beep/iris1/dreg1

9. Security Considerations

 This document lays out no new considerations for security precautions
 beyond that specified in IRIS [5].

10. References

10.1. Normative References

 [1]  World Wide Web Consortium, "Extensible Markup Language (XML)
      1.0", W3C XML, February 1998, <http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-
      xml-19980210>.
 [2]  World Wide Web Consortium, "Namespaces in XML", W3C XML
      Namespaces, January 1999, <http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xml-
      names-19990114>.
 [3]  World Wide Web Consortium, "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes", W3C
      XML Schema, October 2000, <http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-
      xmlschema-2-20010502/>.
 [4]  World Wide Web Consortium, "XML Schema Part 1: Structures", W3C
      XML Schema, October 2000, <http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-
      xmlschema-1-20010502/>.
 [5]  Newton, A. and M. Sanz, "IRIS: The Internet Registry Information
      Service (IRIS) Core Protocol", RFC 3981, December 2005.
 [6]  Newton, A. and M. Sanz, "Using the Internet Registry Information
      Service (IRIS) over the Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol
      (BEEP)", RFC 3983, December 2005.

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 39] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

 [7]  Hinden, R. and S. Deering, "Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6)
      Addressing Architecture", RFC 3513, April 2003.
 [8]  Postel, J., "Internet Protocol", STD 5, RFC 791, September 1981.
 [9]  Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - implementation and
      specification", STD 13, RFC 1035, November 1987.
 [10] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
      Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
 [11] International Organization for Standardization, "Codes for the
      representation of names of countries, 3rd edition", ISO Standard
      3166, August 1988.
 [12] Braden, R., "Requirements for Internet Hosts - Application and
      Support", STD 3, RFC 1123, October 1989.
 [13] International Telecommunications Union, "The International
      Public Telecommunication Numbering Plan", ITU-T Recommendation
      E.164, 1991.
 [14] Faltstrom, P., Hoffman, P., and A. Costello, "Internationalizing
      Domain Names in Applications (IDNA)", RFC 3490, March 2003.
 [15] Hoffman, P. and M. Blanchet, "Nameprep: A Stringprep Profile for
      Internationalized Domain Names (IDN)", RFC 3491, March 2003.
 [16] Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688, January
      2004.

10.2. Informative References

 [17] Newton, A., "Cross Registry Internet Service Protocol (CRISP)
      Requirements", RFC 3707, February 2004.

URIs

 [18] <http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/>

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 40] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

Appendix A. Examples of Requests and Responses

 The examples in this section use the string "C:" to denote data sent
 by a client to a server and the string "S:" to denote data sent by a
 server to a client.

A.1. Example 1

 The following is an example of an entity lookup in a dreg1 registry
 for the domain-name of 'example.com'.  The response shows the ability
 to specify data as being withheld because it is private.
 C: <?xml version="1.0"?>
 C: <request xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1"
 C:   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" >
 C:
 C:   <searchSet>
 C:
 C:     <lookupEntity
 C:       registryType="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dreg1"
 C:       entityClass="domain-name"
 C:       entityName="example.com" />
 C:
 C:   </searchSet>
 C:
 C: </request>
 S: <?xml version="1.0"?>
 S: <iris:response xmlns:iris="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1"
 S:   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
 S:
 S:   <iris:resultSet>
 S:     <iris:answer>
 S:
 S:       <domain xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dreg1"
 S:         authority="iana.org" registryType="dreg1"
 S:         entityClass="domain-handle" entityName="example-com-1">
 S:
 S:         <domainName>example.com</domainName>
 S:         <domainHandle>tcs-com-1</domainHandle>
 S:
 S:         <nameServer iris:referentType="host" authority="iana.org"
 S:           registryType="dreg1" entityClass="host-handle"
 S:           entityName="research7" />
 S:
 S:         <nameServer iris:referentType="host" authority="iana.org"
 S:           registryType="dreg1" entityClass="host-handle"
 S:           entityName="nsol184" />

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 41] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

 S:
 S:         <technicalContact iris:referentType="contact"
 S:           authority="iana.org" registryType="dreg1"
 S:           entityClass="contact-handle" entityName="dbarton" />
 S:
 S:         <status>
 S:           <assignedAndActive denied="true" />
 S:         </status>
 S:
 S:         <registry iris:referentType="registrationAuthority"
 S:           authority="com" registryType="dreg1"
 S:           entityClass="contact-handle" entityName="VGRS" />
 S:
 S:         <initialDelegationDateTime xsi:nil="true"/>
 S:
 S:         <iris:seeAlso iris:referentType="ANY" authority="iana.org"
 S:           registryType="dreg1" entityClass="local"
 S:           entityName="notice"  />
 S:
 S:       </domain>
 S:
 S:     </iris:answer>
 S:   </iris:resultSet>
 S: </iris:response>
                        Figure 6: Example 1

A.2. Example 2

 The following is an example of an entity lookup in a dreg1 registry
 for the contact-handle of 'mak21'.  The response shows the ability to
 specify data as being withheld because it is private.
 C: <?xml version="1.0"?>
 C: <request xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1"
 C:   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" >
 C:
 C:   <searchSet>
 C:
 C:     <lookupEntity
 C:       registryType="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dreg1"
 C:       entityClass="contact-handle"
 C:       entityName="mak21" />
 C:
 C:   </searchSet>
 C:
 C: </request>
 S: <?xml version="1.0"?>

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 42] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

 S: <response xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1"
 S:   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
 S:
 S:   <resultSet>
 S:     <answer>
 S:
 S:       <contact xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dreg1"
 S:         authority="com" registryType="dreg1"
 S:         entityClass="contact-handle" entityName="mak21" >
 S:
 S:         <contactHandle>mak21</contactHandle>
 S:
 S:         <commonName>
 S:           Mark Kosters
 S:         </commonName>
 S:
 S:         <organization>
 S:           VeriSign, Inc.
 S:         </organization>
 S:
 S:         <eMail>markk@verisignlabs.com</eMail>
 S:
 S:         <phone private="true" xsi:nil="true" />
 S:
 S:       </contact>
 S:
 S:     </answer>
 S:   </resultSet>
 S:
 S: </response>
                        Figure 7: Example 2

A.3. Example 3

 The following is an example of a domain search based on a
 registrant's name beginning with the string 'The Cobbler Shoppe'.
 This example also shows the use of bags.
 C: <?xml version="1.0"?>
 C: <request xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1"
 C:          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" >
 C:
 C:   <searchSet>
 C:
 C:     <findDomainsByContact
 C:       xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dreg1" >
 C:       <baseDomain>com</baseDomain>

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 43] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

 C:       <commonName>
 C:         <beginsWith>
 C:           The Cobbler Shoppe
 C:         </beginsWith>
 C:       </commonName>
 C:       <role>registrant</role>
 C:     </findDomainsByContact>
 C:
 C:   </searchSet>
 C:
 C: </request>
 S: <?xml version="1.0"?>
 S: <response xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1"
 S:           xmlns:iris="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1"
 S:           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
 S:
 S:   <resultSet>
 S:     <answer>
 S:       <dreg:domain
 S:         xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dreg1"
 S:         xmlns:dreg="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dreg1"
 S:         authority="com" registryType="dreg1"
 S:         entityClass="domain-handle" entityName="tcs-com-1" >
 S:         <domainName>example.com</domainName>
 S:         <nameServer
 S:           iris:referentType="dreg:host"
 S:           authority="com" registryType="dreg1"
 S:           entityClass="host-handle" entityName="research7" />
 S:         <nameServer
 S:           iris:referentType="dreg:host"
 S:           authority="com" registryType="dreg1"
 S:           entityClass="host-handle" entityName="nsol184" />
 S:         <registrant
 S:           iris:referentType="dreg:contact"
 S:           authority="com" registryType="dreg1"
 S:           entityClass="contact-handle" entityName="beb140">
 S:           <iris:displayName language="en">
 S:             Bill Eckels
 S:           </iris:displayName>
 S:         </registrant>
 S:         <technicalContact
 S:           bagRef="x1"
 S:           iris:referentType="dreg:contact"
 S:           authority="com" registryType="dreg1"
 S:           entityClass="contact-handle" entityName="mak21">
 S:           <iris:displayName language="en">
 S:             Mark Kosters

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 44] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

 S:           </iris:displayName>
 S:         </technicalContact>
 S:         <status>
 S:           <transferPending denied="true" />
 S:           <assignedAndActive denied="true" />
 S:         </status>
 S:         <registry
 S:           iris:referentType="dreg:registrationAuthority"
 S:           authority="com" registryType="dreg1"
 S:           entityClass="local" entityName="VRSN"
 S:           hosting="false" />
 S:         <iris:seeAlso
 S:           iris:referentType="ANY"
 S:           authority="com" registryType="dreg1"
 S:           entityClass="local" entityName="notice" />
 S:       </dreg:domain>
 S:     </answer>
 S:     <additional>
 S:       <dreg:contact
 S:         xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dreg1"
 S:         xmlns:dreg="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dreg1"
 S:         authority="com" registryType="dreg1"
 S:         entityClass="contact-handle" entityName="beb140" >
 S:         <contactHandle>beb140</contactHandle>
 S:         <commonName>
 S:           Bill Eckels
 S:         </commonName>
 S:         <language>en</language>
 S:         <type>
 S:           <person>
 S:           <description language="en">
 S:             Bill sells shoes down by the sea shore.
 S:           </description>
 S:           <description language="de">
 S:            Rechnung verkauft Schuhe unten durch das Seeufer.
 S:           </description>
 S:           </person>
 S:         </type>
 S:         <organization>
 S:           The Cobbler Shoppe
 S:         </organization>
 S:         <eMail private="true" xsi:nil="true" />
 S:         <postalAddress>
 S:           <address>
 S:             21 North Main Street
 S:           </address>
 S:           <city>
 S:             Britt

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 45] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

 S:           </city>
 S:           <region>
 S:             IA
 S:           </region>
 S:           <postalCode>
 S:             50423
 S:           </postalCode>
 S:           <country>
 S:             US
 S:           </country>
 S:         </postalAddress>
 S:         <phone>
 S:           +1.5158433521
 S:         </phone>
 S:       </dreg:contact>
 S:       <simpleEntity
 S:         authority="com" registryType="dreg1"
 S:         entityClass="local" entityName="notice" >
 S:         <property name="legal" language="en">
 S:           It is illegal to use information from this service
 S:           for the purposes of sending unsolicited bulk email.
 S:         </property>
 S:       </simpleEntity>
 S:     </additional>
 S:   </resultSet>
 S:   <bags>
 S:     <bag id="x1">
 S:       <simpleBag xmlns="http://example.com/">
 S:         AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAIEA0ddD+W3Agl0Lel98G1r77fZ
 S:         c3nBl8CHdkmKuVGUy/ijmvdO5QxuSlU0R4BoCLZk/Sob22RApTn
 S:         T+ROMbXFQBrxGH08daAOy98WqpfAutWJri61JLpubIbaqhGyB48
 S:         Qt69V6OhYfFsJjvoNEOh1k2dgzXhSlzP3OMVSKRlBzGcO8=
 S:       </simpleBag>
 S:     </bag>
 S:   </bags>
 S:
 S: </response>
                        Figure 8: Example 3

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 46] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

Appendix B. An Example of Database Serialization

 The following is an example of serializing domain data.
 This example shows the serialization of a domain, a host, and a
 referral.
 <iris:serialization
   xmlns:iris="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1"
   xmlns:dreg="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dreg1"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
   <dreg:domain
     xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dreg1"
     authority="com" registryType="dreg1"
     entityClass="domain-handle" entityName="tcs-com-1" >
     <domainName>example.com</domainName>
     <nameServer
       iris:referentType="dreg:host"
       authority="" registryType="dreg1"
       entityClass="host-handle" entityName="research7" />
     <nameServer
       iris:referentType="dreg:host"
       authority="" registryType="dreg1"
       entityClass="host-handle" entityName="nsol184" />
     <registrant
       iris:referentType="dreg:contact"
       authority="iana.org" registryType="dreg1"
       entityClass="contact-handle" entityName="beb140" />
     <technicalContact
       iris:referentType="dreg:contact"
       authority="net" registryType="dreg1"
       entityClass="contact-handle"
       entityName="mak21" >
       <iris:displayName language="en">
         IANA Administrator
       </iris:displayName>
     </technicalContact>
   </dreg:domain>
   <dreg:host
     xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dreg1"
     authority="com" registryType="dreg1"
     entityClass="host-handle" entityName="nsol184" >
     <hostHandle>nsol184</hostHandle>
     <hostName>ns1.iana.org</hostName>
     <ipV4Address>192.0.2.1</ipV4Address>
     <hostContact

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 47] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

       iris:referentType="dreg:contact"
       authority="com" registryType="dreg1"
       entityClass="contact-handle"
       entityName="dbarton" >
       <iris:displayName language="en">
         IANA Techie
       </iris:displayName>
     </hostContact>
   </dreg:host>
   <iris:serializedReferral>
     <iris:source
       authority="com" registryType="dreg1"
       entityClass="contact-handle"
       entityName="dbarton" />
     <iris:searchContinuation
       authority="net">
       <dreg:findRegistrarsByName>
         <dreg:baseDomain>com</dreg:baseDomain>
       </dreg:findRegistrarsByName>
     </iris:searchContinuation>
   </iris:serializedReferral>
 </iris:serialization>
                  Figure 9: dreg-serialization.xml

Appendix C. Acknowledgements

 Many of the concepts concerning the use of SRV records for step-wise
 refinement toward finding authoritative servers and many of the
 details of result objects in this document were originally created by
 Eric A. Hall in his memos regarding the use of LDAP to satisfy the
 CRISP requirements.  These concepts have contributed significantly to
 the development of this protocol.
 David Blacka made many technical contributions based on his work on
 IRIS implementation and his experienced judgment.  He also
 contributed many editorial clarifications.

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 48] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

Authors' Addresses

 Andrew L. Newton
 VeriSign, Inc.
 21345 Ridgetop Circle
 Sterling, VA  20166
 USA
 Phone: +1 703 948 3382
 EMail: anewton@verisignlabs.com; andy@hxr.us
 URI:   http://www.verisignlabs.com/
 Marcos Sanz
 DENIC eG
 Wiesenhuettenplatz 26
 D-60329 Frankfurt
 Germany
 EMail: sanz@denic.de
 URI:   http://www.denic.de/

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 49] RFC 3982 IRIS-Dreg January 2005

Full Copyright Statement

 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).
 This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions
 contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors
 retain all their rights.
 This document and the information contained herein are provided on an
 "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS
 OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET
 ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
 INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE
 INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED
 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Intellectual Property

 The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
 Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to
 pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in
 this document or the extent to which any license under such rights
 might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has
 made any independent effort to identify any such rights.  Information
 on the IETF's procedures with respect to rights in IETF Documents can
 be found in BCP 78 and BCP 79.
 Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any
 assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an
 attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of
 such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this
 specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at
 http://www.ietf.org/ipr.
 The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
 copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary
 rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement
 this standard.  Please address the information to the IETF at ietf-
 ipr@ietf.org.

Acknowledgement

 Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
 Internet Society.

Newton & Sanz Standards Track [Page 50]

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