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rfc:rfc3293

Network Working Group A. Doria Request for Comments: 3293 Lulea University of Technology Category: Standards Track J. Buerkle

                                                       Nortel Networks
                                                            T. Worster
                                                             June 2002
             General Switch Management Protocol (GSMP)
    Packet Encapsulations for Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM),
          Ethernet and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

Status of this Memo

 This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
 Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
 improvements.  Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
 Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
 and status of this protocol.  Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

Copyright Notice

 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002).  All Rights Reserved.

Abstract

 This memo specifies the encapsulation of GSMP (General Switch
 Management Protocol) packets in ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode),
 Ethernet and TCP (Transmission Control Protocol).

Specification of Requirements

 The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
 "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
 document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [7].

1. Introduction

 GSMP messages are defined in [1] and MAY be encapsulated in several
 different protocols for transport.  This memo specifies their
 encapsulation in ATM AAL-5, in Ethernet or in TCP.  Other
 encapsulations may be defined in future specifications.

Doria, et. al. Standards Track [Page 1] RFC 3293 GSMP Packet Encapsulations June 2002

2. ATM Encapsulation

 GSMP packets are variable length and for an ATM data link layer they
 are encapsulated directly in an AAL-5 CPCS-PDU [3][4] with an
 LLC/SNAP header as illustrated:
  0                   1                   2                   3
  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 |               LLC (0xAA-AA-03)                |               |
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+               +
 |                   SNAP (0x00-00-00-88-0C)                     |
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 |                                                               |
 ~                         GSMP Message                          ~
 |                                                               |
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 |                      Pad (0 - 47 bytes)                       |
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 |                                                               |
 +             AAL-5 CPCS-PDU Trailer (8 bytes)                  +
 |                                                               |
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 (The convention in the documentation of Internet Protocols [5] is to
 express numbers in decimal.  Numbers in hexadecimal format are
 specified by prefacing them with the characters "0x".  Numbers in
 binary format are specified by prefacing them with the characters
 "0b".  Data is pictured in "big-endian" order.  That is, fields are
 described left to right, with the most significant byte on the left
 and the least significant byte on the right.  Whenever a diagram
 shows a group of bytes, the order of transmission of those bytes is
 the normal order in which they are read in English.  Whenever a byte
 represents a numeric quantity the left most bit in the diagram is the
 high order or most significant bit.  That is, the bit labelled 0 is
 the most significant bit.  Similarly, whenever a multi-byte field
 represents a numeric quantity the left most bit of the whole field is
 the most significant bit.  When a multi-byte quantity is transmitted,
 the most significant byte is transmitted first.  This is the same
 coding convention as is used in the ATM layer [2] and AAL-5 [3][4].)
 The LLC/SNAP header contains the bytes: 0xAA 0xAA 0x03 0x00 0x00 0x00
 0x88 0x0C.  (0x880C is the assigned Ethertype for GSMP.)
 The maximum transmission unit (MTU) of the GSMP Message field is 1492
 bytes.

Doria, et. al. Standards Track [Page 2] RFC 3293 GSMP Packet Encapsulations June 2002

 The virtual channel over which a GSMP session is established between
 a controller and the switch it is controlling is called the GSMP
 control channel.  The default VPI and VCI of the GSMP control channel
 for LLC/SNAP encapsulated GSMP messages on an ATM data link layer is:
    VPI = 0
    VCI = 15.
 The GSMP control channel MAY be changed using the GSMP MIB.

3. Ethernet Encapsulation

 GSMP packets MAY be encapsulated on an Ethernet data link as
 illustrated:
  0                   1                   2                   3
  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 |                      Destination Address                      |
 |                               +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 |                               |                               |
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+                               |
 |                         Source Address                        |
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 |     Ethertype (0x88-0C)       |                               |
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+                               |
 |                                                               |
 ~                         GSMP Message                          ~
 |                                                               |
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 |                        Sender Instance                        |
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 |                       Receiver Instance                       |
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 |                              Pad                              |
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 |                       Frame Check Sequence                    |
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 Destination Address
    For the SYN message of the adjacency protocol the Destination
    Address is the broadcast address 0xFFFFFFFFFFFF.  (Alternatively,
    it is also valid to configure the node with the unicast 48-bit
    IEEE MAC address of the destination.  In this case the configured
    unicast Destination Address is used in the SYN message.)  For all
    other messages the Destination Address is the unicast 48-bit

Doria, et. al. Standards Track [Page 3] RFC 3293 GSMP Packet Encapsulations June 2002

    IEEE.  MAC address of the destination.  This address may be
    discovered from the Source Address field of messages received
    during synchronisation of the adjacency protocol.
 Source Address
    For all messages, the Source Address is the 48-bit IEEE MAC
    address of the sender.
 Ethertype
    The assigned Ethertype for GSMP is 0x880C.
 GSMP Message
    The maximum transmission unit (MTU) of the GSMP Message field is
    1492 bytes.
 Sender Instance
    The Sender Instance number for the link obtained from the
    adjacency protocol.  This field is already present in the
    adjacency protocol message.  It is appended to all non-adjacency
    GSMP messages in the Ethernet encapsulation to offer additional
    protection against the introduction of corrupt state.
 Receiver Instance
    The Receiver Instance number is what the sender believes is the
    current instance number for the link, allocated by the entity at
    the far end of the link.  This field is already present in the
    adjacency protocol message.  It is appended to all non-adjacency
    GSMP messages in the Ethernet encapsulation to offer additional
    protection against the introduction of corrupt state.
 Pad
    After adjacency has been established the minimum length of the
    data field of an Ethernet packet is 46 bytes.  If necessary,
    padding should be added such that it meets the minimum Ethernet
    frame size.  This padding should be bytes of zero and is not to be
    considered part of the GSMP message.
 Frame Check Sequence
    The Frame Check Sequence (FCS) is defined in IEEE 802.3 [6] as
    follows:
       Note: This section is included for informational and historical
       purposes only.  The normative reference can be found in IEEE
       802.3 Standard [6].
        "A cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is used by the transmit and
       receive algorithms to generate a CRC value for the FCS field.
       The frame check sequence (FCS) field contains a 4-byte (32-bit)

Doria, et. al. Standards Track [Page 4] RFC 3293 GSMP Packet Encapsulations June 2002

       cyclic redundancy check (CRC) value.  This value is computed as
       a function of the contents of the source address, destination
       address, length, LLC data and pad (that is, all fields except
       the preamble, SFD, FCS and extension).  The encoding is defined
       by the following generating polynomial.
       G(x)=x^32+x^26+x^23+x^22+x^16+x^12+x^11+x^10+x^8+x^
       7+x^5+x^4+x^2+x^1."
       The procedure for the CRC calculation can be found in [6].
 After the adjacency protocol has achieved synchronisation, for every
 GSMP message received with an Ethernet encapsulation, the receiver
 must check the Source Address from the Ethernet MAC header, the
 Sender Instance, and the Receiver Instance.  The incoming GSMP
 message must be discarded if the Sender Instance and the Source
 Address do not match the values of the Sender Instance and the Sender
 Name stored by the "Update Peer Verifier" operation of the GSMP
 adjacency protocol.  The incoming GSMP message must also be discarded
 if it arrives over any port other than the port over which the
 adjacency protocol has achieved synchronisation.  In addition, the
 incoming message must also be discarded if the Receiver Instance
 field does not match the current value for the Sender Instance of the
 GSMP adjacency protocol.

4. TCP/IP Encapsulation

 When GSMP messages are transported over an IP network, they MUST be
 transported using the TCP encapsulation.  TCP provides reliable
 transport, network flow control, and end-system flow control suitable
 for networks that may have high loss and variable or unpredictable
 delay.
 For TCP encapsulations of GSMP messages, the controller runs the
 client code and the switch runs the server code.  Upon
 initialisation, the server is listening on GSMP's TCP port number:
 6068.  The controller establishes a TCP connection with each switch
 it manages.  The switch under control MUST be a multi-connection
 server (PORT 6068) to allow creation of multiple control sessions
 from N GSMP controller instances.  Adjacency protocol messages, which
 are used to synchronise the controller and switch and maintain
 handshakes, are sent by the controller to the switch after the TCP
 connection is established.  GSMP messages other than adjacency
 protocol messages MUST NOT be sent until after the adjacency protocol
 has achieved synchronisation.  The actual GSMP message flow will
 occur on other ports.

Doria, et. al. Standards Track [Page 5] RFC 3293 GSMP Packet Encapsulations June 2002

4.1 Message Formats

 GSMP messages are sent over a TCP connection.  A GSMP message is
 processed only after it is entirely received.  A four-byte TLV header
 field is prepended to the GSMP message to provide delineation of GSMP
 messages within the TCP stream.
  0                   1                   2                   3
  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 |        Type (0x88-0C)         |           Length              |
 |-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 |                                                               |
 ~                         GSMP Message                          ~
 |                                                               |
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 Type
    This 2-byte field indicates the type code of the following
    message.  The type code for GSMP messages is 0x88-0C (i.e., the
    same as GSMP's Ethertype).
 Length
    This 2-byte unsigned integer indicates the total length of the
    GSMP message only.  It does not include the 4-byte TLV header.

4.2 TCP/IP Security consideration

 When GSMPv3 is implemented for use in IP networks, provisions for
 security between the controller and client MUST be available and MUST
 be provided by IP Security [IPSEC].  In this case, the IPSEC
 Encapsulation Security Payload (ESP) MUST be used to provide both
 integrity and confidentiality.

5. Security Considerations

 The security of GSMP's TCP/IP control channel has been addressed in
 Section 4.2.  For all uses of GSMP over an IP network it is REQUIRED
 that GSMP be run over TCP/IP using the security considerations
 discussed in Section 4.2.  Security using ATM and Ethernet
 encapsulations MAY be provided at the link layer.  Discussion of
 these methods is beyond the scope of this specification.  For secure
 operation over any media, the IP encapsulation with IPsec SHOULD be
 used.

Doria, et. al. Standards Track [Page 6] RFC 3293 GSMP Packet Encapsulations June 2002

References

 [1] Doria, A., Sundell, K., Hellstrand, F. and T. Worster, "General
     Switch Management Protocol (GSMP) V3", RFC 3292, June 2002.
 [2] "B-ISDN ATM Layer Specification," International Telecommunication
     Union, ITU-T Recommendation I.361, Feb. 1999.
 [3] "B-ISDN ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) Specification," International
     Telecommunication Union, ITU-T Recommendation I.363, Mar. 1993.
 [4] "B-ISDN ATM Adaptation Layer specification: Type 5 AAL",
     International Telecommunication Union, ITU-T Recommendation
     I.363.5, Aug. 1996.
 [5] Reynolds, J., Editor, "Assigned Numbers", RFC 3232, January 2002.
 [6] IEEE Std 802.3, 1998 Edition
     "Information technology-Telecommunications and information
     exchange between systems - Local and metropolitan area networks -
     Specific requirements - Part 3: Carrier sense multiple access
     with collision detection (CSMA/CD) access method and physical
     layer specifications"
 [7] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
     Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

Doria, et. al. Standards Track [Page 7] RFC 3293 GSMP Packet Encapsulations June 2002

Authors' Addresses

 Tom Worster
 Phone: +1 617 247 2624
 EMail: fsb@thefsb.org
 Avri Doria
 Div. of Computer Communications
 Lulea University of Technology
 S-971 87 Lulea
 Sweden
 Phone: +1 401 663 5024
 EMail: avri@acm.com
 Joachim Buerkle
 Nortel Networks Germany GmbH & Co. KG
 Hahnstr. 37-39
 60528 Frankfurt am Main
 Germany
 EMail: Joachim.Buerkle@nortelnetworks.com

Doria, et. al. Standards Track [Page 8] RFC 3293 GSMP Packet Encapsulations June 2002

Full Copyright Statement

 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002).  All Rights Reserved.
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Acknowledgement

 Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
 Internet Society.

Doria, et. al. Standards Track [Page 9]

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