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rfc:rfc216

Network Working Group J. White Request for Comments: 216 UCSB Computer Research Lab Categories: D.3, G.3 September 1971 NIC: 7546

               Telnet Access To UCSB's Online System

Contents

 I.      Motivation .................................................1
 II.     Limitations ................................................2
 III.    System Documentation .......................................2
 IV.     System Access ..............................................3
 V.      Software Structure .........................................3
 VI.     Virtual OLS Keyboard .......................................4
 VII.    NETOLS Commands ...........................................10
         A. HELP ...................................................10
         B. PREFIX .................................................10
         C. SHIFT and UNSHIFT ......................................10
         D. FULLDUPLEX and HALFDUPLEX ..............................10
         E. STATE ..................................................11
         F. LOGOUT .................................................11
 VIII.   OLS Display ...............................................11
 IX.     Instructing User Telnet ...................................12
 X.      Examples ..................................................14
         A. Logon ..................................................14
         B. Newton-Raphson Square Root Approximation ...............15
         C. Remote Job Entry .......................................16
 Figures
 Figure 1. OLS Keyboard .............................................2
 Figure 2. Keys With One-for-One Mappings ...........................6
 Figure 3. Keys Represented as Strings ..............................7
 Figure 4. Characters With One-for-One Mappings ....................12
 Figure 5. Characters Which Map Into Strings .......................13

I. Motivation

 A teletype-compatible interface to UCSB's Online System (OLS) has
 been implemented in accordance with the Telnet protocol adopted by
 the NWG.  This Server Telnet is responsive to connection requests
 directed by User Telnet's to socket number 1, host address 3.
 Although OLS is not a teletype system and although much of its power
 as mathematical tool rests in its graphical display capabilities,
 enough of the System survives the Telnet transformation to justify
 such an implementation.

White [Page 1] RFC 216 Telnet Access To UCSB's On-Line System September 1971

II. Limitations

 In this Telnet-style implementation of OLS, all curvilinear display
 generated by the user on Levels II and III, Real and Complex, is
 disregarded by the System and hence not returned to the user through
 the Net.  The same is true of the display of special, user-created
 characters.  Although special characters may be constructed and
 stored, their display will be suppressed, both during the process of
 construction and later when they are invoked from the Type level.
 All other display generated by the System will be relayed to the user
 intact, in some cases with stylistic transformation having first been
 applied.  For example, Greek characters are displayed as lower-case
 a-z.  All such transformations are described in detail in this
 document.  Finally, those elements of the System (the operators which
 edit user programs are prime examples) which assume a fixed-screen
 display device function abnormally in a Telnet environment.  For such
 a device, the System can "remember" the position on the screen of a
 previously displayed segment of text and return to that position to,
 for example, underscore it.  But when the "screen" marches forward --
 relentlessly -- through a continuous medium, as it does with Telnet's
 virtual teletype, that kind of strategy fails.  Hence, the
 underscoring is not relocated, but rather appears on the current
 line, beginning in the next available character frame.
 OLS assumes, normally, that the user is equipped with the specially-
 designed double keyboard depicted in Figure 1.  Conventions are
 defined in this document, which enable a Telnet user to simulate that
 keyboard; in particular, a means is provided for designating keys on
 the upper, or operator keyboard.

III. System Documentation

 This document has three purposes:
 Figure 1. OLS Keyboard. [Please view the PDF version of this RFC.]
 (1) to describe the means by which a Telnet user simulates an OLS
     keyboard,
 (2) to describe the transformations applied to output generated by
     the System, and
 (3) to enumerate those aspects of the System, which are unique to or
     behave differently for Network (Telnet) users.
 In particular, this document is not a user's manual for OLS.  Such a
 manual is available and on file with the NIC.  In addition, a copy
 should exist at each Network site in its NIC collection; the user

White [Page 2] RFC 216 Telnet Access To UCSB's On-Line System September 1971

 should consult his Station Agent.  This document is titled "UCSB On-
 Line System Manual" [NIC 5748]; its contents are current as of 1
 January 71.  A revision to the manual is currently in preparation and
 will be distributed when available.  In addition, tutorial manuals
 for two of the subsystems available under OLS-MOLSF (Mathematically-
 Oriented Language Single-Precision Floating-Point) and COL (Card
 Oriented Language) -- will soon be made available.  The latter has
 already been published and is being transmitted to the NIC for
 distribution, while the former is nearing completion.
 Documentation of the third subsystem of OLS--NET-- has already been
 distributed through the NIC as two RFC's: "Network On-Line Operators"
 [21 April 71, RFC 121, NIC 5833] and "A User Telnet--Description of
 an Initial Implementation" [9 August 71, RFC 206, NIC 7176].  Net
 currently houses a set of operators for system-call-level interaction
 with UCSB's NCP, a User Telnet, and an operator (invoked by ID on
 Level II), which returns the status of Network hosts.
 Staff members at the Computer Center will be happy to field questions
 about OLS from Network users.  In particular, an OLS consultant is
 available for such purposes at (805) 961-4044.  Questions about OLS,
 including those specific to use of the System through the Network,
 may also be addressed to Jim White, UCSB's Technical Liaison, at
 (805) 961-3454 (if necessary, messages can be left at the Computer
 Center Office, (805) 961- 2261).

IV. System Access

 The Network user is encouraged to explore the System and is invited
 to do so with the following accounting parameters:
 User Number: 196
 Id Number: 57372
 User Name: ARPA
 Problem Name: (affiliation)-(name)
                 in 16 characters or less
                 (e.g., UCSB-White)
 Such use of the System will not be billed.  Production users are
 asked to establish their own accounts with the Computer Center ((805)
 961-2261), the use of which will be billed in accordance with the
 then-current rate structure.

V. Software Structure

 This document is the description of a Network front-end to the Online
 System, logically distinct from OLS itself.  This front-end is
 hereafter referred to as NETOLS.  NETOLS is always responsive to

White [Page 3] RFC 216 Telnet Access To UCSB's On-Line System September 1971

 connection requests direct4ed to socket 1.  When contacted by a
 Network user, NTCLS performs the Network functions required to
 establish a duplex connection to him.  The number of such duplex
 connections (and hence the number of Network users) is bounded by an
 assembly parameter whose current value is five.
 Before the Network connection is established, NETOLS secures for the
 user a port into OLS.  Sixty-four such ports exist and are shared by
 local, dial-up, and Network users.  Should none be available, NETOLS
 will abort the connection sequence.
 Once a port has been secured and a Network connection established,
 NETOLS will effectively push the _SYST_ key for the user by
 transmitting to OLS the 8-bit code representing that key.  A login
 sequence is thus initiated and the user is transmitted the lines:
    UCSB ON-LINE SYSTEM
    ENTER USER NUBMER
 to which he should respond with his user number.  Beginning at this
 point in time and continuing for the life of the Network connection,
 NETOLS's sole function is that of interpreter--interpreting input
 from the user and making it meaningful to the user (it is at this
 point, for example, that curvilinear and special-character display
 are discarded).
 When the user breaks his Network connection to NETOLS, if eh hasn't
 logged out of OLS already, NETOLS performs that function for him by
 pushing_ SYST_ _DOWN_, just as it pushed the initial _SYST_.  The OLS
 port acquired for the user is then released, and hence available for
 use by other users.  It should be noted that the user can log out of
 OLS and back on again without the Network connection's being broken,
 since that action is transparent to NETOLS, who attaches no special
 significance to the Key sequence, which accomplishes it.

VI. Virtual OLS Keyboard

 A major function of NETOLS is to provide a mapping between elements
 of the Telnet character set and the keys on an OLS keyboard (Figure
 1).  The lower, or operand portion of that keyboard is fairly easily
 represented, since it's similar to a standard typewriter keyboard.
 Most of the keys on the lower keyboard are mapped on a one-for-one
 basis from elements of the Telnet character set.  Upper-case
 alphabetics are mapped into the alphabetics, lower-case, and
 miscellany of punctuation into itself.  All such one-for-one mappings
 are depicted in Figure 2.  A line of that figure reads as follows:
    For ['half arrow' - see the PDF version of this RFC]:

White [Page 4] RFC 216 Telnet Access To UCSB's On-Line System September 1971

    The key labeled ['half arrow'] (meaning logical not) on the lower
    portion of an OLS keyboard is struck by causing the user's User
    Telnet to transmit '~' (tilde).
 Those lower-keyboard keys not listed in Figure 2, and _all_ the keys
 on the upper- keyboard (hereafter referred to collectively as _non-
 standard_ keys), are represented by the Telnet user in the following
 manner.  For each such key, a character string has been defined; the
 string is called the _name_ of the key.  In most cases, the name of a
 key is identical to its label in Figure 1.  The name of the _SIN_
 key, for example, is 'SIN (in the Online System User's Manual,
 upper-keyboard keys are denoted by underscoring their labels, to
 distinguish, for example, the key _SIN_ from the three keys 'SIN').
    Every non-standard key on the OLS keyboard is struck by typing its
    name (or any unique abbreviation thereof), preceded by a special
    _prefix_ character and followed by a space.
 NETOLS interprets the prefix, name, and space from them generates a
 single, 8-bit code, which forwards to OLS.
 The default prefix character is semi-colon (';'), chosen simply
 because for touch typists it's one of the home keys.  The prefix can
 be changed by the user to any character listed in Figure 2.  The
 procedure for so doing is described in Section VII-B. To send the
 prefix character through NETOLS to OLS, type it twice in succession.
 Thus, if the default prefix is in effect, ';;' is mapped into a
 single semi-colon and relayed to OLS.
 The names of all non-standard keys are listed in Figure 3.  A line of
 that figure reads as follows:
    For _SIN_:
    They key denoted _SIN_ in the OLS User's Manual (the trigonometric
    function sine) is named 'SIN', and hence is struck by typing
    'SIN', preceded by the prefix and followed by a space.
 Assuming, then, that the default prefix ';' is in effect, SIN is
 struck by ';SIN_' ('_' is used here and in following examples to
 denote a space).  Furthermore, if the user chooses, he may abbreviate
 that as ';SI_', since the key desired remains uniquely identified.
 Further abbreviation (to ';S_') is unsatisfactory and hence
 disallowed since the single character 'S' is insufficient to
 distinguish between a number of keys whose names begin with that
 character.  Key names may be typed by the user in either upper- or
 lower-case.

White [Page 5] RFC 216 Telnet Access To UCSB's On-Line System September 1971

 As each character of a non-standard key's name is typed by the user,
 NETOLS consults it table of key names.  If the character string so
 far specified cannot possibly lead to a valid name, the most recent
 character is ignored ('?' echoed).  Hence, typing ';SJIN_' will be
 accepted as _SIN_, the erroneous 'J' being ignored (and a question
 mark echoed), and the subsequent 'JN_' accepted.  If when the
 terminating space is typed, no single key is uniquely identified a
 '?'  is echoed and the space ignored.  Thus, ';S_I_' will be
 recognized as _SIN_; the first space is

To Push (OLS Explanation) Send (Telnet Explanation)

0-9 Decimal Digits 0-9 Decimal Digits A-Z Alphabetics A-Z UC Alphabetics _-5 Greek Characters a-z LS Alphabetics ! Exclamation Mark ! Exclamation Mark + Plus Sign + Plus Sign _ Underscore _ Underscore - Minus Sign - Minus Sign @ Commercial At @ Commercial At / Slash / Slant # Number Sign # Number Sign ' Apostrophe ' Apostrophe & Ampersand & Ampersand $ Dollar Sign $ Dollar Sign * Asterisk * Asterisk % Percent % Percent = Equal Sign = Equal Sign TAB Horizontal Tab HT Horiz. Tab. (_[) : Colon : Colon ; Semi-Colon ; Semi-Colon [ Left Bracket [ Left Bracket ] Right Bracket ] Right Bracket ( Left Parenthesis ( Left Parenthesis ) Right Parenthesis ) Right Parenthesis < Less Than < Less Than

Greater Than > Greater Than

, Comma , Comma " Quotation Marks " Quotation Marks ? Question Mark ? Question Mark [half arrow] Logical Not ~ Tilde

Logical Or

BACK Backspace BS, DEt Backspace/Rubout RETURN Carriage Return CR Carr. Return (_M) SPACE Space SP Space

              Figure 2. Keys With One-for-One Mappings

White [Page 6] RFC 216 Telnet Access To UCSB's On-Line System September 1971

To Push (OLS Explanation) The Key Name Is

[circle .] Multiply * 1 [circle +] Add + [circle -] Subtract - RETURN Carriage Return . [circle /] Divide / L0 Level 0 0 LI Level I 1 L II Level II 2 L III Level III 3 L IV Level IV 4 L V Level V 5 L VI Level VI 6 L VII Level VII 7 [circle +] Add ADD 2 ARC Argument ARG ATAN Arc Tangent ATAN BACK Backspace BACK 3 CASE Case CASE [cent sign] Cent SignCENT CLR Clear Tab CLEAR CMPLX Complex CMPLX CON Contract CON CONJ Conjugate CONJ CONV Convolve CONV COS Cosine COS CTX Context CTX DEL Delta DEL DIFF Forward Difference DIFF DISPLAY Display DISPLAY [circle /] Divide DIV 4 DWN Down DOWN ENL Enlarge ENL ENTER Enter ENTER ERASE Erase ERASE ESCAPE Escape ESCAPE EVAL Evaluate EVAL EXP Exponentiate EXP

                   NETOLS Command                 FULLDUPLEX 5
                   NETOLS Command                 HALFDUPLEX
                   NETOLS Command                 HELP

ID Identity ID INV Invert INV [down arrow] Line Feed Down LFDN [up arrow] Line Feed Up LFUP

               Figure 3. Keys Represented As Strings

White [Page 7] RFC 216 Telnet Access To UCSB's On-Line System September 1971

To Push (OLS Explanation) The Key Name Is

LIST List LIST LOAD Load LOAD LOG Logarithm LOG

                   NETOLS Command               LOGOUT

LS Left Shift LS MAX Maximum MAX MOD Modulus MOD [circle .] Multiply MULT 6 NEG Negate NEG [half arrow] Logical Not NOT 7

PRED Predicate PRED

                   NETOLS Command               PREFIX

PROD Running Product PROD PT Point PT PWR Power PWR REAL Real REAL REFL Reflect REFL REPT Repeat REPT RESET Reset RESET RETURN Carriage Return RETURN 9 RS Right Shift RS 0-9 Superscript 0-9 S0-S9 SEL Select SELECT SET Set Tab SET

                   NETOLS Command               SHIFT

SIN Sine SIN SORT Sort SORT SQ Square SQ SQRT Square Root SQRT

                   NETOLS Command               STATE

STORE Store STORE SUB Substitute SUB [circle -] Subtract SUBTRACT 10 SUM Running Sum SUM SYST System SYST TEST Test TEST TYPE Type TYPE

                   NETOLS Command               UNSHIFT

UP Up UP USER User USER

           Figure 3 (cont'd) Keys Represented As Strings

White [Page 8] RFC 216 Telnet Access To UCSB's On-Line System September 1971

 1. Alternate names for [circle .], [circle +], [circle -], RETURN,
    and [circle /] are 'MULT', 'ADD', 'SUBTRACT', 'RETURN', and 'DIV',
    respectively. RETURN can also be represented as the single
    character CR (carriage return), as indicated in Figure 2.
 2. An alternate name for [circle +] is '+'
 3. Alternates for BACK are the single characters BS (backspace) and
    DEL (rubout), as indicated in Figure 2.
 4. An alternate name for [circle /] is 'DIV'.
 5. NETOLS commands are explained in Section VII.
 6. An alternate name for [circle .] is 'MULT'.
 7. An alternate for '[half arrow]' is the single character '~'
    (tilde), as indicated in Figure 2.
 8. An alternate for '|' is the single character '[2 vertical lines]'
    (vertical line), as indicated in Figure 2.
 9. An alternate name for RETURN is '.' RETURN can also be represented
    as the single character CR (carriage return), as indicated in
    Figure 2.
10. An alternate name for [circle -] is '-'.
 Notes for Figure 3.
 Ignored (and a '?' echoed, indicating that 'S' alone is ambiguous).
 At any point in the entry of a key name, either Altmode (ESC) or '?'
 may be typed by the user.  NETOLS will then determine whether a key
 has been uniquely specified by the characters already typed.  If so,
 it will echo the remaining characters of the key's name, and consider
 them entered by the user.  A subsequent space from the user will
 cause the indicated key to be pushed.  If no single key is uniquely
 specified, NETOLS will echo Bel, causing a bell to be run on many
 terminals.  More of the key name is then expected from the user.
 If after at least one character of the key name has been entered by
 the user and accepted by NETOLS (and before the terminating space is
 typed) the prefix is typed a second time, all already entered
 characters of the name are discarded by NETOLS.  Thus ';CO;SIN_' is
 interpreted as _SIN_.  If a carriage return is typed in the same

White [Page 9] RFC 216 Telnet Access To UCSB's On-Line System September 1971

 context, the initial prefix will also be discarded.  Hence, ';CO%S'
 ('%' denotes carriage return) is interpreted as the lower-keyboard
 key 'S'.

VII. NETOLS Commands

 A number of commands to LETOLS are defined and all are described in
 this section.  The format for each such command is the same as that
 for the non-standard keys, and hence the command keywords are
 included in Figure 3.  All of the conventions of Section VI apply as
 well to the entry of commands.  The user should understand, however,
 that such commands are processed by NETOLS, not OLS, and that they
 are defined only for Network users of OLS.

A. HELP

 The HELP command (invoked with ';HELP_' if';' is the prefix)
 reproduces for the user the third column of Figure 3; the names of
 all non-standard keys and the keywords for all defined NEOLS commands
 are listed in their collating sequence on the user's virtual
 teletype.

B. PREFIX

 Issuing the PREFIX command causes the next character typed to become
 the prefix, provided it is one of those listed in Figure 2.
 Consequently, ';PREFIX_@' makes '@' the prefix, '@PREFIX_;' restores
 the defaults situation.

C. SHIFT and UNSHIFT

 The SHIFT command causes a perturbation of lines 2 and 3 of Figure 2.
 After SHIFT is issued, all subsequent upper-case alphabetics are
 mapped into the Greek characters (rather than into the alphabetics),
 and lower-case alphabetics into alphabetics (rather than into the
 Greek characters).  This convention change may be found convenient if
 the user's User Telnet sends lower-case alphabetics by default, and
 requires, for example, that a shift key be held down to send upper-
 case characters.
 The UNSHIFT command nullifies the effect of SHIFT.

D. FULLDUPLEX and HALFDUPLEX

 Issuing the FULLDUPLEX command causes all subsequent characters typed
 by the user to be echoed by _NETOLS_.  HALFDUPLEX nullifies the
 effect of FULLDUPLEX, disabling echo by NETOLS.  Half-duplex is the
 default situation.

White [Page 10] RFC 216 Telnet Access To UCSB's On-Line System September 1971

E. STATE

 The STATE command causes the current prefix, the mode of operation
 ('HALFDUPLX' or 'FULLDUPLEX'), and the case convention ('SHIFT IS ON'
 or 'SHIFT IS OFF') to be displayed on the user's virtual teletype in
 the following form:
    PREFIX IS;
    HALFDUPLEX
    SHIFT IS OFF

F. LOGOUT

 Issuing the LOGOUT command causes the user to be logged out of OLS
 (i.e., _SYST_ _DOWN_ to be pushed) and his Network connection to
 NETOLS to be broken.  About three seconds elapse between the two
 events.

VIII. OLS Display

 NETOLS suppresses all but alphameric display before it reaches the
 user.  Alphameric display is mapped into the Telnet character set
 according to Figures 4 and 5.  Figure 4 lists all those OLS display
 character, which have one-for-one mappings.  A line of that figure
 reads as follows:
    For '[half harrow]'
    The character logical not, displayed as '[half arrow]' on an OLS
    terminal, is represented in Telnet as '~' (tilde).
 Alphabetics are mapped into upper-case alphabetics and Greek
 characters into lower-case alphabetics.  Numerics are mapped into
 numerics, and a miscellany of punctuation into itself.  In addition a
 number of carriage control characters are appropriately mapped-- line
 feed down into LF, TAB into HT, BACK into BS, etc.; line feed up is
 suppressed.  ERASE is represented as Bel.
 Figure 5 lists those OLS display characters which are mapped into
 strings of Telnet characters.  In most cases, these character strings
 are stylistic representations of characters peculiar to OLS.  For
 example, the _ADD_ key is normally displayed in List mode as '[circle
 +]'.  In this Telnet implementation, '(+)' is an attempt to represent
 that graphic.  Superscripts are represented as underscored numerics.
 Carriage return is represented as CR LF.  No attempt is made to
 effectively represent RS which, on an OLS display device, repositions
 the beam to the upper left corner of the screen; it is made
 equivalent to carriage return.

White [Page 11] RFC 216 Telnet Access To UCSB's On-Line System September 1971

IX. Instructing a User Telnet

 For local users, all echoing _that's done at all_

To Display (OLS Explanation) OLS Sends (Telnet Explanation) 0-9 Decimal Digits 0-9 Decimal Digits _-Z Alphabetics A-ZUC Alphabetics _-5 Greek Characters a-z LC Alphabetics ! Exclamation Mark ! Exclamation Mark + Plus Sign + Plus Sign _ Underscore _ Underscore - Minus Sign - Minus Sign @ Commercial At @ Commercial At / Slash / Slant # Number Sign # Number Sign ' Apostrophe ' Apostrophe & Ampersand & Ampersand $ Dollar Sign $ Dollar Sign * Asterisk * Asterisk % Percent % Percent = Equal Sign = Equal Sign TAB Horizontal Tab. HT. Horiz. Tab (_I) : Colon : Colon ; Semi-Colon ; Semi-Colon [ Left Bracket [ Left Bracket ] Right Bracket ] Right Bracket ( Left Parenthesis ( Left Parenthesis ) Right Parenthesis ) Right Parenthesis < Less Than < Less Than

Greater Than > Greater Than

, Comma , Comma " Quotation Marks " Quotation Marks ? Question Mark ? Question Mark [half arrow] Logical Not ~ Tilde

Logical Or

SPACE Space SP Space ENL/[up arrow] Line Feed Up CON/[down arrow] Line Feed Down LF Line Feed ([up arrow]J) _ List Mode Space _ Underscore [shaded rectangle] List Mode Rubout X Upper-case X _ List Mode Pointer _ Underscore BREAK Break SP Space ERASE Erase BEL Bell (_G)

           Figure 4. Characters With One-for-One Mappings

White [Page 12] RFC 216 Telnet Access To UCSB's On-Line System September 1971

To Display (OLS Explanation) OLS Sends

: Post List (:) [circle +] List Mode Add (+) [circle -] List Mode Subtract (-) [circle .] List Mode Multiply (*) [circle /] List Mode Divide (/) [arrow] List Carriage Return ([2 vertical lines]) RETURN Carriage Return CR LF RS Reset to Upper Left CR LF [cent sign] Cent Sign C BS [2 vertical lines] 0-9 Superscript 0-9 0 BS _

9 BS _

            Figure 5. Characters Which Map Into Strings
 is done by OLS; the terminal never echoes.  In general, OLS does not
 echo the user's input.  There are exceptions to this rule, but they
 are relatively few in number and occur primarily on the SYST level.
 In particular, upper keyboard keys are never echoed except in List
 mode.  The Network user is advised to instruct his telnet to operate
 in full-duplex mode, i.e., to echo nothing.  The FULLDUPLEX command
 provided by NETOLS is provided because it can be provided, but its
 use is not recommended.
 OLS is meant to be used in character-at-a-time mode, and the user
 should so instruct his User Telnet.  For those users provided with
 only a line-at-a-time mode, the end-of-line character should not be
 transmitted to NETOLS.
 NETOLS flushes without comment all Telnet control characters it
 detects in the input stream.  Characters in the Telnet character set
 which have no meaning to NETOLS are echoed as '?' and discarded.
 Exceptions are LF (line feed) and NUL, which are flushed without
 comment.

White [Page 13] RFC 216 Telnet Access To UCSB's On-Line System September 1971

X. Examples

A. LOGON

 The dialogue which logs a user onto OLS, assuming the user number of
 Section IV, is as followings:
 TELNET ENTRY            OLS QUERY/RESPONSE
                                 UCSB ONLINE SYSTEM
                                 ENTER USER NUBMER (196)
 196%                            ID NUMBER=
 57372%                  USER NAME= (ARPA)
 ARPA%                   JOB NAME= (UCSB-WHITE)
 UCSB-WHITE%             AUTOSAVE CODE = integer
 MOLSF %                 LOAD (MOLSF)
                                 FILE LOADED
 In this and succeeding examples, '%' denotes CR (carriage return).
 Entries echoed by OLS are enclosed in parentheses above.  The user
 should substitute for 'UCSB-WHITE' his own affiliation and name.  The
 procedure above loads the math subsystem of OLS.  To load instead
 either COL or NET, substitute its name for 'MOLSF'.  To load a
 different subsystem (say COL) after logging in:
 TELNET ENTRY                    OLS QUERY/RESPONSE
 ;SYST_                          WORK AREAS UPDATED
 ;LOAD _COL%                     LOAD (COL)
                                         FILE LOADED
 Again, '_' denotes a space, not an underscore.

White [Page 14] RFC 216 Telnet Access To UCSB's On-Line System September 1971

B. NEWTOWN-RAPHSON SQUARE ROOT APPROXIMATION

 A simple user program can be constructed to approximate the square
 root of a number N using the Newton-Rapshon iteration procedure,
 which derives the (k+1)th approximation from the kth by the following
 algorithm:
    X k+1= (xk+n/kk)/2
 The following entries construct the user program:
 ;LIST_)TYPE_%ENTER_N
 ;1_;REAL_;LOAD_;ENTER_;STORE_N
 ;TYPE_% ENTER_FIRST_GUESS
 ;1_;LOAD_;ENTER_;STORE_X
 ;TYPE_%#_OF_INTERATIONS?
 ;0_;LOAD_;ENTER_;STORE_N
 ;1_;REPT_(;LOAD_N ;/_X;+_X ;/_2
         ;STORE_X ; DISP_%/_X ;+_X ;/_2
 ;LIST_;STORE_;USER_;1_;SQRT_
 To display the user program, enter:
 ;USER_;DISP_;SQRT_
 When executed, the program obtains from the user the number N whose
 square root is sought, an initial guess, and the number of iterations
 to be performed.  The program then computes and displays the results
 of each iteration, and then calls itself, permitting a second square
 root to be computed.  The program is executed as follows:
 TELNET ENTRY                    OLS QUERY/RESPONSE
 ;USER_;1_;SQRT_                 ENTER N
 3 ;ENTER_                               ENTER FIRST GUESS
 1 ;ENTER_                               #OF ITERATIONS?
 4 ;ENTER_                               2.       +00
                                         1.75     +00
                                         1.73214+00
                                         1.73205+00
                                         ENTER N
                 etc.

White [Page 15] RFC 216 Telnet Access To UCSB's On-Line System September 1971

C. Remote Job Entry

 A file of card images can be constructed with the help of the COL
 subsystem of OLS ard submitted as a batch job.  Assuming COL has been
 loaded, the following entries construct a card file which invokes the
 Fortran compiler:
 ;2_//jobname_JOB_(acct#,name , , , , , ,T) ; STORE_
 //_EXEC_FORTGCLG ; STORE_
 //FORT.SYSIN_DD_* ; STORE_
 source-statement-1 ;STORE_
                 ...
 source-statement-N ; STORE_
 /* ; STORE_
 To display the completed file, type:
         ;3_;DISP_%
 To submit the file, type:
         ;4_;SUB_%
 To watch for it in execution, type:
         ;DISP_J%%%...
 When execution is complete, 'printed' output can be retrieved with
 the following dialogue:
 TELNET ENTRY                    OLS QUERY/RESPONSE
 ;CMPLX_;LOAD_                   UNIT = (2314)
 2314%                                   VOL=SER= (MVT180)
 MVT180%                         DSNAME= (RJEOUT)
 RJEOUT%                         MEMBER= (jobname)
 Jogname%                                NOW LOADING
                                         FILE LOADED
 The output can then be examined by entering:
    ;2_;DISP_1%%%...
 NOTE: Text within brackets describes non-ASCII characters that were
 part of the original document.  Please see the PDF file for the
 original representation.

White [Page 16]

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