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rfc:rfc2019

Network Working Group M. Crawford Request for Comments: 2019 Fermilab Category: Standards Track October 1996

  A Method for the Transmission of IPv6 Packets over FDDI Networks

Status of this Memo

 This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
 Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
 improvements.  Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
 Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
 and status of this protocol.  Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

Introduction

 This memo specifies the MTU and frame format for transmission of IPv6
 [IPV6] packets on FDDI networks, including a method for MTU
 determination in the presence of 802.1d bridges to other media.  It
 also specifies the method of forming IPv6 link-local addresses on
 FDDI networks and the content of the Source/Target Link-layer Address
 option used the the Router Solicitation, Router Advertisement,
 Neighbor Solicitation, and Neighbor Advertisement messages described
 in [DISC], when those messages are transmitted on an FDDI network.

Maximum Transmission Unit

 FDDI permits a frame length of 4500 octets (9000 symbols), including
 at least 22 octets (44 symbols) of Data Link encapsulation when
 long-format addresses are used.  Subtracting 8 octets of LLC/SNAP
 header, this would, in principle, allow the IPv6 packet in the
 Information field to be up to 4470 octets.  However, it is desirable
 to allow for the variable sizes and possible future extensions to the
 MAC header and frame status fields.  The default MTU size for IPv6
 packets on an FDDI network is therefore 4352 octets.  This size may
 be reduced by a Router Advertisement [DISC] containing an MTU option
 which specifies a smaller MTU, or by manual configuration of a
 smaller value on each node.  If a Router Advertisement is received
 with an MTU option specifying an MTU larger than the default or the
 manually configured value, that MTU option may be logged to system
 management but must be otherwise ignored.
 For purposes of this document, information received from DHCP is
 considered "manually configured".

Crawford Standards Track [Page 1] RFC 2019 Transmission of IPv6 Packets Over FDDI October 1996

Frame Format

 FDDI provides both synchronous and asynchronous transmission, with
 the latter class further subdivided by the use of restricted and
 unrestricted tokens.  Only asynchronous transmission with
 unrestricted tokens is required for FDDI interoperability.
 Accordingly, IPv6 packets shall be sent in asynchronous frames using
 unrestricted tokens.  The robustness principle dictates that nodes
 should be able to receive synchronous frames and asynchronous frames
 sent using restricted tokens.
 IPv6 packets are transmitted in LLC/SNAP frames, using long-format
 (48 bit) addresses.  The data field contains the IPv6 header and
 payload and is followed by the FDDI Frame Check Sequence, Ending
 Delimiter, and Frame Status symbols.
     +-------+                                               ^
     |  FC   |                                               |
     +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+       |
     |            Destination FDDI address           |       |
     +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+      FDDI
     |              Source FDDI address              |     header
     +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+       |
     | DSAP  | SSAP  |  CTL  |          OUI          |       |
     +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+       |
     |   Ethertype   |                                       v
     +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------+
     |            IPv6 header and payload ...              /
     +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------+

FDDI Header Fields:

FC The Frame Code must be in the range 50 to 57 hexadecimal,

          inclusive, with the three low order bits indicating the
          frame priority.  The Frame Code should be in the range 51 to
          57 hexadecimal, inclusive, for reasons given in the next
          section.

DSAP, SSAP Both the DSAP and SSAP fields shall contain the value AA

          hexadecimal, indictating SNAP encapsulation.

CTL The Control field shall be set to 03 hexadecimal, indicating

          Unnumbered Information.

OUI The Organizationally Unique Identifier shall be set to

          000000 hexadecimal.

Crawford Standards Track [Page 2] RFC 2019 Transmission of IPv6 Packets Over FDDI October 1996

Ethertype The ethernet protocol type ("ethertype") shall be set to the

          value 86DD hexadecimal.

Interaction with Bridges

 802.1d MAC bridges which connect different media, for example
 Ethernet and FDDI, have become very widespread.  Some of them do IPv4
 packet fragmentation and/or support IPv4 Path MTU discovery [PMTU],
 many others do not, or do so incorrectly.  Use of IPv6 in a bridged
 mixed-media environment should not depend on support from MAC
 bridges.
 For correct operation when mixed media are bridged together, the
 smallest MTU of all the media must be advertised by routers in an MTU
 option.  If there are no routers present, this MTU must be manually
 configured in each node which is connected to a medium with larger
 default MTU.  Multicast packets on such a bridged network must not be
 larger than the smallest MTU of any of the bridged media.  Often, the
 subnetwork topology will support larger unicast packets to be
 exchanged between certain pairs of nodes.  To take advantage of
 high-MTU paths when possible, nodes transmitting IPv6 on FDDI should
 implement the following simple mechanism for "FDDI adjacency
 detection".
 A node which implements FDDI adjacency detection and has it enabled
 on an FDDI interface must set a non-zero LLC priority in all Neighbor
 Advertisement, Neighbor Solicitation and, if applicable, Router
 Advertisement frames transmitted on that interface.  (In IEEE 802
 language, the user_priority parameter of the M_UNITDATA.request
 primitive must not be zero.) If FDDI adjacency detection has been
 disabled on an FDDI interface, the priority field of those frames
 must be zero.
 Note that an IPv6 frame which originated on an Ethernet, or traversed
 an Ethernet, before being translated by an 802.1d bridge and
 delivered to a node's FDDI interface will have zero in the priority
 field, as required by [BRIDGE].  (There's a fine point here: a
 conforming bridge may provide a management-settable Outbound User
 Priority parameter for each port.  However, the author is unaware of
 any product that provides this optional capability and, in any case,
 the default value for the parameter is zero.)

Crawford Standards Track [Page 3] RFC 2019 Transmission of IPv6 Packets Over FDDI October 1996

 If a node N1 receives, in an FDDI frame with a non-zero LLC priority,
 a valid Router Advertisement, Neighbor Advertisement, or Neighbor
 Solicitation from a node N2, then N1 may send unicast IPv6 packets to
 N2 with sizes up to the default IPv6 FDDI MTU (4352 octets),
 regardless of any smaller MTU configured manually or received in a
 Router Advertisement MTU option.  N2 may be the IPv6 destination or
 the next hop router to the destination.
 Nodes implementing FDDI adjacency detection must provide a
 configuration option to disable the mechanism.  This option may be
 used when a smaller MTU is desired for reasons other than mixed-media
 bridging.  By default, FDDI adjacency detection should be enabled.
 The only contemplated use of the LLC priority field of the FC octet
 is to aid in per-destination MTU determination.  It would be
 sufficient for that purpose to require only that Router
 Advertisements, Neighbor Advertisements, and Neighbor Solicitations
 sent on FDDI always have non-zero priority.  However, it may be
 simpler or more useful to transmit all IPv6 packets on FDDI with
 non-zero priority.

Stateless Autoconfiguration and Link-Local Addresses

 The address token [CONF] for an FDDI interface is the interface's
 built-in 48-bit IEEE 802 address, in canonical bit order and with the
 octet in the same order in which they would appear in the header of
 an ethernet frame.  (The individual/group bit is in the first octet
 and the OUI is in the first three octets.) A different MAC address
 set manually or by software should not be used as the address token.
 An IPv6 address prefix used for stateless autoconfiguration of an
 FDDI interface must be 80 bits in length.
 The IPv6 Link-local address [AARCH] for an FDDI interface is formed
 by appending the interface's IEEE 802 address to the 80-bit prefix
 FE80::.
    +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------+
    |  FE      80      00      00      00      00      00     00  |
    +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------+
    |  00      00   |                  FDDI Address               |
    +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------+

Crawford Standards Track [Page 4] RFC 2019 Transmission of IPv6 Packets Over FDDI October 1996

Address Mapping – Unicast

 The procedure for mapping IPv6 addresses into FDDI link-layer
 addresses is described in [DISC].  The Source/Target Link-layer
 Address option has the following form when the link layer is FDDI.
    +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------+
    | Type  |Length |                 FDDI Address                |
    +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------+------+

Option fields:

Type 1 for Source Link-layer address.

          2 for Target Link-layer address.

Length 1 (in units of 8 octets).

FDDI Address

          The 48 bit FDDI IEEE 802 address, in canonical bit order.
          This is the address the interface currently responds to, and
          may be different from the built-in address used as the
          address token.

Address Mapping – Multicast

 An IPv6 packet with a multicast destination address DST is
 transmitted to the FDDI multicast address whose first two octets are
 the value 3333 hexadecimal and whose last four octets are the last
 four octets of DST, ordered from more to least significant.
           +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
           |  33   |  33   | DST13 | DST14 | DST15 | DST16 |
           +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+

Crawford Standards Track [Page 5] RFC 2019 Transmission of IPv6 Packets Over FDDI October 1996

Security Considerations

 Security considerations are not addressed in this memo.

Acknowledgments

 Erik Nordmark contributed to the method for interaction with bridges.

References

 [AARCH] Hinden, and S. Deering, "IP Version 6 Addressing
         Architecture", RFC 1884, December 1995.
 [BRIDGE]ISO/IEC 10038 : 1993 [ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1D] Media access
         control (MAC) bridges.
 [CONF] Thomson, S., and T. Narten, "IPv6 Stateless Address
        Autoconfiguration", RFC 1971, August 1996.
 [DISC] Narten, T., Nordmark, E., and W. Simpson, "Neighbor Discovery
        for IP Version 6 (IPv6), RFC 1970, August 1996.
 [IPV6] Deering, S., and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6
        (IPv6) Specification", RFC 1883, August 1996.
 [PMTU] Mogul, J., and S. Deering, "Path MTU Discovery", RFC 1191,
        November 1990.

Author's Address

 Matt Crawford
 Fermilab MS 368
 PO Box 500
 Batavia, IL 60510
 USA
 Phone: +1 708 840-3461
 EMail: crawdad@fnal.gov

Crawford Standards Track [Page 6]

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